http://blog.csdn.net/xiazdong/article/category/1106409
文件上傳分爲兩個部分:
(1)服務器端:需要使用FileUpload+common.io實現文件的上傳;
(2)客戶端:需要模擬文件上傳的HTTP請求頭;
一、服務器端代碼
FileServlet.java
- package org.xiazdong.servlet;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import java.util.List;
- import javax.servlet.ServletException;
- import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
- import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
- import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
- import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
- @WebServlet("/FileServlet")
- public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
- protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- }
- protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
- DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
- ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
- upload.setFileSizeMax(1024*1024); //設置上傳文件的最大容量
- try{
- List<FileItem>items = upload.parseRequest(request); //取得表單全部數據
- for(FileItem item:items){
- if(!item.isFormField()){ //如果是上傳的文件
- String name = "D:\\"+item.getName().substring(item.getName().lastIndexOf('\\')+1);
- String filename = name;
- System.out.println(filename);
- File f = new File(filename); //保存到D盤
- item.write(f);
- System.out.println("上傳成功");
- }
- }
- }
- catch(Exception e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
瀏覽器端代碼:
- <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
- <title>Server Title</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <form action="/Server/FileServlet" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
- 文件上傳:<input type="file" name="filename"/><br/>
- <input type="submit" value="get提交">
- </form>
- </body>
- </html>
二、客戶端前期準備及核心代碼
1.前期準備
由於客戶端需要模擬HTTP請求,因此我們可以先來看下文件上傳的HTTP請求:
POST /Server/FileServlet HTTP/1.1 Accept: */* Referer: http://localhost:8080/Server/2.html Accept-Language: zh-CN User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0E; .NET4.0C; InfoPath.3) Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------7dc372520758 //此處爲分隔符,用來分隔多個文件和參數 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Host: localhost:8080 Content-Length: 14610 Connection: Keep-Alive Cache-Control: no-cache -----------------------------7dc372520758 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="filename"; filename="D:\lv6.GIF" Content-Type: image/gif 文件內容 -----------------------------7dc372520758-- //結束時需要多加兩個-- |
由此看出,這個HTTP請求比較難以模擬,此處封裝了一個輔助類,是黎活明老師實現的,我們可以直接使用:
HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file)
path:URL
params:一般的參數
file:文件
HttpRequestUtil.uploadFiles(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files)
path:URL
params:一般的參數
files:多個文件
FormFile.java
- package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- /**
- * 上傳文件
- */
- public class FormFile {
- /* 上傳文件的數據 */
- private byte[] data;
- private InputStream inStream;
- private File file;
- /* 文件名稱 */
- private String filname;
- /* 請求參數名稱*/
- private String parameterName;
- /* 內容類型 */
- private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
- /**
- * 此函數用來傳輸小文件
- * @param filname
- * @param data
- * @param parameterName HTML的控件參數名稱
- * @param contentType
- */
- public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
- this.data = data;
- this.filname = filname;
- this.parameterName = parameterName;
- if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
- }
- /**
- * 此函數用來傳輸大文件
- * @param filname
- * @param file
- * @param parameterName
- * @param contentType
- */
- public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
- this.filname = filname;
- this.parameterName = parameterName;
- this.file = file;
- try {
- this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
- }
- public File getFile() {
- return file;
- }
- public InputStream getInStream() {
- return inStream;
- }
- public byte[] getData() {
- return data;
- }
- public String getFilname() {
- return filname;
- }
- public void setFilname(String filname) {
- this.filname = filname;
- }
- public String getParameterName() {
- return parameterName;
- }
- public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
- this.parameterName = parameterName;
- }
- public String getContentType() {
- return contentType;
- }
- public void setContentType(String contentType) {
- this.contentType = contentType;
- }
- }
HttpRequestUtil.java
- package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.InputStreamReader;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
- import java.net.InetAddress;
- import java.net.Socket;
- import java.net.URL;
- import java.net.URLConnection;
- import java.net.URLEncoder;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.Map.Entry;
- import java.util.Set;
- /*
- * 此類用來發送HTTP請求
- * */
- public class HttpRequestUtil {
- /**
- * 直接通過HTTP協議提交數據到服務器,實現如下面表單提交功能:
- * <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
- <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
- <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
- <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
- <input type="file" name="zip"/>
- </FORM>
- * @param path 上傳路徑(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1這樣的路徑測試,因爲它會指向手機模擬器,你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080這樣的路徑測試)
- * @param params 請求參數 key爲參數名,value爲參數值
- * @param file 上傳文件
- */
- public static boolean uploadFiles(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{
- final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //數據分隔線
- final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//數據結束標誌
- int fileDataLength = 0;
- if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
- for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件類型數據的總長度
- StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
- fileExplain.append("--");
- fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
- fileExplain.append("\r\n");
- fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
- fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
- fileExplain.append("\r\n");
- fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
- if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
- fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
- }else{
- fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
- }
- }
- }
- StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
- if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//構造文本類型參數的實體數據
- textEntity.append("--");
- textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
- textEntity.append("\r\n");
- textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");
- textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
- textEntity.append("\r\n");
- }
- }
- //計算傳輸給服務器的實體數據總長度
- int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length;
- URL url = new URL(path);
- int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
- Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);
- OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
- //下面完成HTTP請求頭的發送
- String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";
- outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
- String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";
- outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
- String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";
- outStream.write(language.getBytes());
- String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n";
- outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
- String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n";
- outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
- String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";
- outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
- String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";
- outStream.write(host.getBytes());
- //寫完HTTP請求頭後根據HTTP協議再寫一個回車換行
- outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
- //把所有文本類型的實體數據發送出來
- outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());
- //把所有文件類型的實體數據發送出來
- if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
- for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
- StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
- fileEntity.append("--");
- fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
- fileEntity.append("\r\n");
- fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
- fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
- outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
- if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
- outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- uploadFile.getInStream().close();
- }else{
- outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
- }
- outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
- }
- }
- //下面發送數據結束標誌,表示數據已經結束
- outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
- BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
- if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//讀取web服務器返回的數據,判斷請求碼是否爲200,如果不是200,代表請求失敗
- return false;
- }
- outStream.flush();
- outStream.close();
- reader.close();
- socket.close();
- return true;
- }
- /**
- * 提交數據到服務器
- * @param path 上傳路徑(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1這樣的路徑測試,因爲它會指向手機模擬器,你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080這樣的路徑測試)
- * @param params 請求參數 key爲參數名,value爲參數值
- * @param file 上傳文件
- */
- public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{
- return uploadFiles(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
- }
- /**
- * 將輸入流轉爲字節數組
- * @param inStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] read2Byte(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{
- ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
- outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- outSteam.close();
- inStream.close();
- return outSteam.toByteArray();
- }
- /**
- * 將輸入流轉爲字符串
- * @param inStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String read2String(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{
- ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
- outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- outSteam.close();
- inStream.close();
- return new String(outSteam.toByteArray(),"UTF-8");
- }
- }
2.核心代碼
- FormFile formFile = new FormFile(file.getName(), file, "document", "text/plain");//"document"爲控件的名稱,"text/plain"爲文件的mimetype
- boolean isSuccess = HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/FileServlet", null, formFile);
三、客戶端代碼
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
- <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
- package org.xiazdong.network.fileupload;
- import java.io.File;
- import android.app.Activity;
- import android.os.Bundle;
- import android.os.Environment;
- import android.view.View;
- import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
- import android.widget.Button;
- import android.widget.EditText;
- import android.widget.Toast;
- import com.xiazdong.netword.http.util.FormFile;
- import com.xiazdong.netword.http.util.HttpRequestUtil;
- public class MainActivity extends Activity {
- private EditText fileName;
- private Button button;
- private OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener(){
- @Override
- public void onClick(View v) {
- String fname = fileName.getText().toString();
- if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)||Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED_READ_ONLY)){
- File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),fname); //獲得SDCARD的文件
- if(file.exists()){
- FormFile formFile = new FormFile(file.getName(), file, "document", "text/plain");
- try {
- boolean isSuccess = HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/FileServlet", null, formFile);
- if(isSuccess){
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "文件上傳成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- else{
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "文件上傳失敗", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- } catch (Exception e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- else{
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "文件不存在", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- }
- else{
- Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "SDCARD不存在", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
- }
- }
- };
- @Override
- public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
- super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
- setContentView(R.layout.main);
- fileName = (EditText)this.findViewById(R.id.filename);
- button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button);
- button.setOnClickListener(listener);
- }
- }