linux C 遍歷目錄及其子目錄

 linux C 遍歷目錄及其子目錄

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
using namespace std;
void listDir(char *path)
{
        DIR              *pDir ;
        struct dirent    *ent  ;
        int               i=0  ;
        char              childpath[512];
 
        pDir=opendir(path);
        memset(childpath,0,sizeof(childpath));
 
 
        while((ent=readdir(pDir))!=NULL)
        {
 
                if(ent->d_type & DT_DIR)
                {
 
                        if(strcmp(ent->d_name,".")==0 || strcmp(ent->d_name,"..")==0)
                                continue;
 
                        sprintf(childpath,"%s/%s",path,ent->d_name);
                        printf("path:%s/n",childpath);
 
                        listDir(childpath);
 
                }
else
{
cout<<ent->d_name<<endl;
}
        }
 
}
 
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
        listDir(argv[1]);
        return 0;
}


//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////


Linux C :遍歷輸出指定目錄下的所有文件


在Linux下opendir()、readdir()和closedir()這三個函數主要用來遍歷目錄。在使用這三個函數前必須先包括以下兩個頭文件:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>


opendir函數的原型爲:
DIR *opendir(const char *name);
它返回一個DIR*類型,這就是一個句柄啦,你不用管它的內部結構是什麼樣的,只要知道這個句柄就是等一下要傳給readdir()函數的參數就行了。


readdir函數的原型爲:
struct dirent *readdir(DIR *dir);
看它的參數就知道該參數是opendir函數返回的句柄,而該函數的返回值是struct dirent* 類型,這裏我們必須瞭解一下這個結構體:
struct dirent {
               ino_t          d_ino;       /* inode number */
                off_t          d_off;       /* offset to the next dirent */
                unsigned short d_reclen;    /* length of this record */
                unsigned char  d_type;      /* type of file */
                char           d_name[256]; /* filename */
};
這個結構體的d_name存放的就是文件的名字,這裏的文件包括普通文件,目錄文件等等,在linux的思想中,所有的東西都是文件。


closedir函數的原型爲:
int closedir(DIR *dir);
這個函數就不用多說了,一般有開(open),就有關(close),這樣的結構經常可出看到,如fopen,fclose等等。


三個函數介紹完了,直接來一個例子吧:
**********************************************SearchDir.c****************************************************
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
char filename[256][256];
int len = 0;
int trave_dir(char* path, int depth)
{
    DIR *d; //聲明一個句柄
    struct dirent *file; //readdir函數的返回值就存放在這個結構體中
    struct stat sb;   
   
    if(!(d = opendir(path)))
    {
        printf("error opendir %s!!!\n",path);
        return -1;
    }
    while((file = readdir(d)) != NULL)
    {
        //把當前目錄.,上一級目錄..及隱藏文件都去掉,避免死循環遍歷目錄
        if(strncmp(file->d_name, ".", 1) == 0)
            continue;
        strcpy(filename[len++], file->d_name); //保存遍歷到的文件名
        //判斷該文件是否是目錄,及是否已搜索了三層,這裏我定義只搜索了三層目錄,太深就不搜了,省得搜出太多文件
        if(stat(file->d_name, &sb) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode) && depth <= 3)
        {
            trave_dir(file->d_name, depth + 1);
        }
    }
    closedir(d);
    return 0;
}
int main()
{
    int depth = 1;
    int i;
    trave_dir("/usr/keygoe/ini/", depth);
    for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
    {
        printf("%s\t", filename[i]);
    }
    printf("\n");
    return 0;
}






//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Linux下C語言遍歷文件夾


學習了LINUX下用C語言遍歷文件夾,一些心得


struct dirent中的幾個成員:


d_type:4表示爲目錄,8表示爲文件


d_reclen:16表示子目錄或文件,24表示非子目錄


經過本人親自試驗發現:d_reclen:16表示子目錄或以.開頭的隱藏文件,24表示普通文本文件,28爲二進制文件,等等


d_name:目錄或文件的名稱


具體代碼如下,僅供參考


#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>


void List(char *path)
{
     struct dirent* ent = NULL;
     DIR *pDir;
     pDir=opendir(path);
     while (NULL != (ent=readdir(pDir)))
     {
         if (ent->d_reclen==24)
         {
             if (ent->d_type==8)
             {
                 printf("普通文件:%s\n", ent->d_name);
             }
             else
             {
                 printf("子目錄:%s\n",ent->d_name);
                 List(ent->d_name);
                 printf("返回%s\n",ent->d_name);
             }
         }
     }
}




int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
      List(argv[1]);
      return 0;
}


上面函數修改後:


void List(char *path)
{
     printf("路徑爲[%s]\n", path);
    
     struct dirent* ent = NULL;
     DIR *pDir;
     pDir=opendir(path);
     //d_reclen:16表示子目錄或以.開頭的隱藏文件,24表示普通文本文件,28爲二進制文件,還有其他……
     while (NULL != (ent=readdir(pDir)))
     {
         printf("reclen=%d    type=%d\t", ent->d_reclen, ent->d_type);
         if (ent->d_reclen==24)
         {   
             //d_type:4表示爲目錄,8表示爲文件
             if (ent->d_type==8)
             {
                 printf("普通文件[%s]\n", ent->d_name);
             }
         }
         else if(ent->d_reclen==16)
         {
             printf("[.]開頭的子目錄或隱藏文件[%s]\n",ent->d_name);
         }
         else
         {
             printf("其他文件[%s]\n", ent->d_name);
         }
     }
}


轉CU,地址:


http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/29024/showart_484896.html


#include   <stdio.h>  
#include   <dirent.h>  
#include   <sys/types.h>  
#include   <sys/stat.h>  
    
void dir_scan(char   *path,   char   *file);  
int count = 0;  
    
int main(int   argc,   char   *argv[])  
{  
                   struct   stat   s;  
    
                   if(argc   !=   2){  
                                   printf("one   direction   requried\n");  
                                   exit(1);  
                   }  
                   if(lstat(argv[1],   &s)   <   0){  
                                   printf("lstat   error\n");  
                                   exit(2);  
                   }  


                  //判斷一個路徑是否是目錄
                   if(!S_ISDIR(s.st_mode)){  
                                   printf("%s   is   not   a   direction   name\n",   argv[1]);  
                                   exit(3);  
                   }  
    
                   dir_scan("",   argv[1]);  
    
                   printf("total:   %d   files\n",   count);  
    
                   exit(0);  
}  
    
void   dir_scan(char   *path,   char   *file)  
{  
                   struct   stat   s;  
                   DIR           *dir;  
                   struct   dirent   *dt;  
                   char   dirname[50];  
    
                   memset(dirname,   0,   50*sizeof(char));  
                   strcpy(dirname,   path);  
    
                   if(lstat(file,   &s)   <   0){  
                                   printf("lstat   error\n");  
                   }  
    
                   if(S_ISDIR(s.st_mode)){  
                                   strcpy(dirname+strlen(dirname),   file);  
                                   strcpy(dirname+strlen(dirname),   "/");  
                                   if((dir   =   opendir(file))   ==   NULL){  
                                                   printf("opendir   %s/%s   error\n");  
                                                   exit(4);  
                                   }  
                                   if(chdir(file)   <   0)   {  
                                                   printf("chdir   error\n");  
                                                   exit(5);  
                                   }  
                                   while((dt   =   readdir(dir))   !=   NULL){  
                                                   if(dt->d_name[0]   ==   '.'){  
                                                                   continue;  
                                                   }  
    
                                                   dir_scan(dirname,   dt->d_name);  
                                   }  
                                   if(chdir("..")   <   0){  
                                                   printf("chdir   error\n");  
                                                   exit(6);  
                                   }  
                   }else{  
                                   printf("%s%s\n",   dirname,   file);  
                                   count++;  
                   }  
}




linux c 下如何獲得目錄下的文件數目。


int main(int argc, char **argv)
{   
      DIR  * pdir;
     struct dirent * pdirent;
     struct stat f_ftime;
     int fcnt;/*文件數目統計*/
      pdir=opendir("./");
     if(pdir==NULL)
     {      return(-1);    }
      fcnt=0;
     for(pdirent=readdir(pdir);pdirent!=NULL;pdirent=readdir(pdir))
     {
       if(strcmp(pdirent->d_name,".")==0||strcmp(pdirent->d_name,"..")==0) continue;


       if(stat(pdirent->d_name,&f_ftime)!=0) return -1 ;
       if(S_ISDIR(f_ftime.st_mode)) continue; /*子目錄跳過*/
        fcnt++;
       printf("文件:%s\n",pdirent->d_name);
     }
     printf("文件總數%d\n",fcnt);
      closedir(pdir);
     return 0;
}




#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
 
void printdir(char *dir, int depth)
{
          DIR *dp;
          struct dirent *entry;
          struct stat statbuf;
 
          if((dp = opendir(dir)) == NULL) {
                      fprintf(stderr, "cannot open directory: %s\n ", dir);
                      return;
          }
          chdir(dir);
          while((entry = readdir(dp)) != NULL) {
                      lstat(entry-> d_name,&statbuf);
                      if(S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)) {
                                  /**//* Found a directory, but ignore . and .. */
                                  if(strcmp( ". ",entry-> d_name) == 0 ||
                                              strcmp( ".. ",entry-> d_name) == 0)
                                              continue;
                                  printf( "%*s%s/\n ",depth, " ",entry-> d_name);
                                  /**//* Recurse at a new indent level */
                                  printdir(entry-> d_name,depth+4);
                      }
                      else printf( "%*s%s\n ",depth, " ",entry-> d_name);
          }
          chdir( ".. ");
          closedir(dp);
}
 
/**//*    Now we move onto the main function.    */
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
          char *topdir, pwd[2]= ". ";
          if (argc != 2)
                      topdir=pwd;
          else
                      topdir=argv[1];
 
          printf( "Directory scan of %s\n ",topdir);
          printdir(topdir,0);
          printf( "done.\n ");
 
          exit(0);
}
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