前言
移動Push推送是移動互聯網最基礎的需求之一，用於滿足移動互聯環境下消息到達App客戶端。以轉轉（58趕集旗下真實個人的閒置交易平臺）爲例，當買家下單後，我們通過移動Push推送消息告訴賣家，當賣家已經發貨時，我們通過移動Push消息告訴買家，讓買賣雙方及時掌握二手商品交易的實時訂單動態。
實現推送功能的方案有許多，具體可以看《程序員》的一篇文章http://geek.csdn.net/news/detail/58738，這裏也詳解了IOS與Android接受推送的機制不同。
本文主要講的是利用第三方平臺來開發個推功能的API，使用的個推平臺：http://www.getui.com/
具體的使用流程，如何綁定APP在官網的官方文檔裏已經詳細給出，這個都是操作問題，不涉及到後臺的開發。官方文檔裏已經給出了API介紹，但是使用的需求API提供的信息遠遠超出了API介紹的範圍。下面我將從設計的角度給出一個DEMO。
DEMO
需求：web端／APP端給指定羣體用戶發送一條通知，使用客戶端登錄APP的指定用戶都能收到通知（支持多終端登錄），在菜單欄顯示通知，點擊通知轉到APP內（透傳）顯示通知詳情（無論APP離線還是在線）；
設計：
類：
loginUserPojo(用戶類)
NotificationPojo（通知類）－－屬性見數據庫設計信息表
數據庫表的設計：
user_login（user_id，user_name，password....）
nofitication(notification_id,title,content,createDt,creator_user_id....)
user_device(user_id,client_id,device_token)(ios個推信息通過device_id發送，andorid通過client_id發送)
個推API設計：
1.基本配置信息類
public class GeXinBaseInfo {
//以下三個屬性每個APP不同
static String appId = "VAn4M36ciG9mGBEQwuDxV5";
static String appkey = "HSlKLGNZ8e6RChB3JCIop9";
static String master = "CUEIVtxSdL6wO9GfRxFoZ1";
//host是固定的作爲個推的服務器
static String host = "http://sdk.open.api.igexin.com/serviceex";
static long offExpireTime = 24 * 1000 * 3600;
//透傳消息設置，1爲強制啓動應用，客戶端接收到消息後就會立即啓動應用；2爲等待應用啓動
static int TYPE_LAUNCH_APP = 1;
static int TYPE_WAIT_FOR_CLICK = 2;
}2.安卓端接收信息類（點擊通知後，app端根據ID信息獲取通知詳情）
public class TransimissionContentPojo implements Serializable{
//通知的id
private String contentId;
//其它屬性。。。
//private ...
public String getContentId() {
return contentId;
}
public void setContentId(String contentId) {
this.contentId = contentId;
}
}public class NotiTemplateFactory {
//andorid
public static NotificationTemplate produceNotiFromNoti(NotificationPojo notificationPojo){
NotificationTemplate template = getBaseTemplate();
template.setTitle("移動校園");
template.setText(notificationPojo.getTitle());
template.setTransmissionType(1);
TransimissionContentPojo pojo = new TransimissionContentPojo();
pojo.setContentId(notificationPojo.getNotificationId());
template.setTransmissionContent(new Gson().toJson(pojo));
return template;
}
//ios
public static APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg getDictionaryAlertMsg(String title, NotificationPojo nPojo){
APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg alertMsg = new APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg();
alertMsg.setBody(title);
alertMsg.setTitle("移動校園");
alertMsg.setTitleLocKey("ccccc");
alertMsg.setActionLocKey("移動校園");
return alertMsg;
}
｝4.個推發送信息工具類
public class GeXinMPushUtil {
private static GeXinMPushUtil instance;
private static ExecutorService executorService;
private List<Target> convertToTargets(List<String> cidList) {
List<Target> targetList = new ArrayList<>();
for (String cid : cidList) {
Target target = new Target();
target.setAppId(GeXinBaseInfo.appId);
target.setClientId(cid);
// target.setAlias(cid);
targetList.add(target);
}
return targetList;
}
protected IGtPush push;
public GeXinMPushUtil() {
push = new IGtPush(GeXinBaseInfo.host, GeXinBaseInfo.appkey, GeXinBaseInfo.master);
executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
}
public static GeXinMPushUtil getInstance() {
if (instance == null) {
instance = new GeXinMPushUtil();
}
return instance;
}
//andorid有通知
public void push(final NotificationTemplate notificationTemplate, final List<String> cidList) {
executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ListMessage message = new ListMessage();
message.setData(notificationTemplate);
message.setOffline(true);
message.setOfflineExpireTime(GeXinBaseInfo.offExpireTime);
String taskId = push.getContentId(message);
IPushResult ret = push.pushMessageToList(taskId, convertToTargets(cidList));
System.out.println(ret.getResponse().toString());
}
});
}
//andorid透傳，無通知
public void push(final TransmissionTemplate transmissionTemplate, final List<String> cidList) {
executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
ListMessage message = new ListMessage();
message.setData(transmissionTemplate);
message.setOffline(false);
message.setOfflineExpireTime(GeXinBaseInfo.offExpireTime);
String taskId = push.getContentId(message);
IPushResult ret = push.pushMessageToList(taskId, convertToTargets(cidList));
System.out.println(ret.getResponse().toString());
}
});
}
//將用戶ID與client_id綁定記錄在個推服務上
public boolean bind(String alias, String cid){
IAliasResult bindSCid = push.bindAlias(GeXinBaseInfo.appId, alias, cid);
return bindSCid.getResult();
}
//解綁
public boolean unBind(String alias, String cid){
IAliasResult unBindSCid = push.unBindAlias(GeXinBaseInfo.appId, alias, cid);
return unBindSCid.getResult();
}
//ios推送
public void pushAPN(final APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg alertMsg
, final List<String> deviceTokens, String content){
IGtPush push = new IGtPush(GeXinBaseInfo.host,
GeXinBaseInfo.appkey, GeXinBaseInfo.master);
APNTemplate t = new APNTemplate();
APNPayload apnpayload = new APNPayload();
apnpayload.setSound("");
apnpayload.setAlertMsg(alertMsg);
//傳送的附加信息，用於解析
apnpayload.addCustomMsg("info",content);
t.setAPNInfo(apnpayload);
ListMessage message = new ListMessage();
message.setData(t);
IPushResult ret = push.pushAPNMessageToList(GeXinBaseInfo.appId, contentId, deviceTokens);
System.out.println(ret.getResponse());
}
}邏輯設計：
用戶登錄andorid攜帶client_id，iOS端攜帶device_token,檢查user_device中是否有記錄user_id與 client_id或user_id與device_token的組合，如果沒有插入組合，並且綁定這組信息
public UserInfoJson login(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
String userName = request.getParameter("userName");
String password = request.getParameter("passWord");
String clientId = request.getParameter("clientId");
String deviceId = request.getParameter("deviceToken");
LoginUserPojo user = loginUserService.findByUserCode(userName);
if (user == null) {
return new UserInfoJson();
} else {
UserInfoJson userJson = getUserJson(user);
//綁定用戶與硬件
if (clientId != null && !clientId.trim().equals("")) {
userJson.setClientId(clientId);
int count = loginUserService.selectDeviceByClientId(user.getUserId(), clientId);
if (count == 0) {
GeXinMPushUtil.getInstance().bind(user.getUserId(), clientId);
loginUserService.insertDeviceByClientId(user.getUserId(), clientId);
}
}
if (deviceId != null && !deviceId.trim().equals("")) {
userJson.setDeviceId(deviceId);
int count = loginUserService.selectDeviceByDeviceId(user.getUserId(), deviceId);
if (count == 0) {
loginUserService.insertDeviceByDeviceId(user.getUserId(), deviceId);
}
}
String encPassword = new SimpleHash("md5", password, new SimpleByteSourceFix(user.getSalt()), 2).toHex();
if (!encPassword.equals(user.getPassword())) {
return new UserInfoJson();
} else {
userJson.setToken(encPassword);
return userJson;
}
}
}註銷登錄：
public boolean loginOut(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) {
String userId = request.getParameter("userId");
String clientId = request.getParameter("clientId");
String deviceId = request.getParameter("deviceToken");
boolean result = false;
//取消綁定
if (clientId != null && !clientId.trim().equals(""))
loginUserService.deleteDeviceByClientId(userId, deviceId);
result = GeXinMPushUtil.getInstance().unBind(userId, clientId);
if (deviceId != null) {
try {
loginUserService.deleteDeviceByDeviceId(userId, deviceId);
result = true;
} catch (Exception e){
result = false;
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
在發送通知的方法中，加入推送的代碼：
..............前面的代碼用戶獲取NotificationPojo nPojo（通知內容），
List<String> sendUsers(發送的用戶ID)
List<String> listAlias = new ArrayList<>();
if (sendUsers != null && !sendUsers.isEmpty()) {
for (LoginUserPojo userPojo : sendUsers) {
// TODO: 16/1/26 getui these users
listAlias.add(userPojo.getUserId());
}
}
List<String> deviceTokens = new ArrayList<>();
List<String> clientIds = new ArrayList<>();
if (listAlias != null && !listAlias.isEmpty() && listAlias.size() != 0) {
deviceTokens = loginUserService.selectDeviceTokens(listAlias);
clientIds = loginUserService.selectClientIds(listAlias);
}
TransimissionContentPojo pojo = new TransimissionContentPojo(TransimissionContentPojo.TYPE_NOTI);
pojo.setContentId(notificationPojo.getNotificationId());
NotificationTemplate template = NotiTemplateFactory.produceNotiFromNoti(notificationPojo);
if (clientIds.size() != 0 && !clientIds.isEmpty())
GeXinMPushUtil.getInstance().push(template, clientIds);
APNPayload.DictionaryAlertMsg alertMsg = NotiTemplateFactory.getDictionaryAlertMsg(notificationPojo.getTitle()
,notificationPojo);
if (deviceTokens.size() != 0 && !deviceTokens.isEmpty())
GeXinMPushUtil.getInstance().pushAPN(alertMsg, deviceTokens,new Gson().toJson(pojo));
.................這樣就可以將推送信息發送出去了selectDeviceTokens(List<String> alias)的mybatis代碼如下：
（使用MyBatis的sql如下
<select id="selectDeviceTokens" resultType="java.lang.String">
select device_id
from user_device
where device_id is not null and user_id in
<foreach collection="userIds" item="userId" index="index"
open="(" close=")" separator=",">
#{userId}
</foreach>
</select>）對於附加信息，contentId的發送，app的獲取，安卓端的獲取凡事：msg.content-------此內容爲new Gson().toJson(pojo)的Json字符串，可以解析獲取contentId的內容，然後更具contentId獲取Notification的詳情（發送一次請求，sql查詢）
而IOS的處理比較複雜，msg.payload.info-----此內容爲new Gson().toJson(pojo)的Json字符串,因爲IOS服務端發送的是ListMessage，這是對應msg，listMessage設置了payLoad，payLoad設置了info（apnpayload.addCustomMsg("info",content);），因此提取額外信息是msg.payload.info,info這個字端是在服務器端設置的，當然也可以是其它名稱。
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