lamp搭建部署詳細分解

lamp

1.lamp簡介

所謂lamp，其實就是由Linux+Apache+Mysql/MariaDB+Php/Python的一組動態網站或服務器的開源軟件，除Linux外其他各部件本身都是各自獨立的程序，但是因爲經常被放在一起使用，擁有了越來越高的兼容度，共同組成了一個強大的Web應用程序平臺。
LAMP指的是Linux（操作系統）、Apache（HTTP服務器）、MySQL（也指MariaDB，數據庫軟件）和PHP（有時也是指Perl或Python）的第一個字母，一般用來建立web應用平臺。
##2.web服務器工作流程
在說lamp架構平臺的搭建前，我們先來了解下什麼是CGI，什麼是FastCGI，什麼是....

web服務器的資源分爲兩種，靜態資源和動態資源

• 靜態資源就是指靜態內容，客戶端從服務器獲得的資源的表現形式與原文件相同。可以簡單的理解爲就是直接存儲於文件系統的資源
• 動態資源則通常是程序文件，需要在服務器執行之後，將執行的結果返回給客戶端

那麼web服務器如何執行程序並將結果返回給客戶端呢？下面通過一張圖來說明一下web服務器如何處

如圖所示：
階段1顯示的是httpd服務器（即apache）和php服務器通過FastCGI協議進行通信，且php爲獨立的服務進程運行
階段2顯示的是php程序和mysql數據庫間通過mysql協議進行通信，php與mysql本沒有什麼聯繫，但是由Php語言寫成的程序可以與mysql進行數據交互。同理perl和Python寫的程序也可以與mysql數據庫進行交互

2.1 cgi與fastcgi

上圖階段1中提到了FastCGl，下面我們來了解下CGI與FastCGI

CGI（Common Gateway Interface，通用網關接口），CGI是外部應用程序（CGI程序）與WEB服務器之間的接口標準，是在CGI程序與Web服務器之間傳遞信息的過程，CGI規範允許Web服務器執行外部程序，並將它們的輸出發送給Web瀏覽器，CGI將web的一組簡單的靜態超媒體文檔變成一個完整的新的交互式媒體。

---

FastCGI（Fast Common Gateway Interface）是CGI的改良版，CGI是通過啓用一個解釋器進程來處理每個請求，耗時且耗資源，而FastCGI則是通過master-worker形式來處理每個請求，即啓動一個master主進程，然後根據配置啓動幾個worker進程，當請求進來時，master會從worker進程中選擇一個去處理請求，這樣就避免了重複的生成和殺死進程帶來的頻繁Cpu上下文切換而導致耗時。

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2.2 httpd與php結合的方式

httpd與php結合的方式有以下三種：

• modules ：php將以httpd的擴展塊形式存在，需要加載動態資源時，httpd可以直接通過php模塊來加工資源並返回給客戶端

  • httpd prefork：libphp5.so（多進程模型的php）
  • httpd event or worker ：libphp-zts.so（線程模型的php）
• CGI：httpd需要加載動態資源時，通過CGI與php解釋器聯繫，獲取php執行的結果，此時httpd負責與php連接的建立和斷開等

• FastCGI:利用php-fpm機制，啓動爲服務進程，php自行運行爲一個服務，https通過socket與php通信

  較於CGI方式，FastCGI更爲常用，很少有人使用CGI方式來加載動態資源

  2.3web工作流程

  通過上面的圖說明一下web的工作流程：

• 客戶端通過http協議請求web服務器資源

• web服務器收到請求後判斷客戶端請求的資源是靜態資源或動態資源

  • 若爲靜態資源則直接從本地文件系統取值返回給客戶端。
  • 否則若爲動態資源則通過FastCGI協議與php服務器聯繫，通過CGI程序的master進程調度worker進程來執行程序以獲得客戶端請求的動態資源，並將執行的結果通過FastCGI協議返回給httpd服務器，http服務器收到php的執行結果後將其封裝爲http響應報文響應給客戶端。在執行程序獲取動態資源時若需要獲取數據庫中的資源時，由Php服務器通過mysql協議與MYSQL/MariaDB服務器交互，取值而後返回給httpd，httpd將從php服務器收到的執行結果封裝成http響應報文響應給客戶端。

---

3.lamp平臺構建

環境說明

系統平臺	IP	需要安裝的服務
centos7/redhat7	192.168.24.168	http-2.4 mysql-5.7 php php-mysql

lamp平臺軟件安裝次序

httpd->mysql->php

注意：php要求httpd使用prefork MPM

3.1 安裝httpd

關閉防火牆和SELINUX

[root@linfan ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@linfan ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
[root@linfan ~]# sed -ri 's/(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@linfan ~]# setenforce 0

安裝開發工具包

[root@linfan ~]# yum groups mark install 'Development Tools'
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Marked install: Development Tools
[root@linfan ~]# yum grouplist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Available Environment Groups:
   Minimal Install
   Compute Node
   Infrastructure Server
   File and Print Server
   Basic Web Server
   Virtualization Host
   Server with GUI
   GNOME Desktop
   KDE Plasma Workspaces
   Development and Creative Workstation
Installed Groups:
   Development Tools
Available Groups:
   Compatibility Libraries
   Console Internet Tools
   Graphical Administration Tools
   Legacy UNIX Compatibility
   Scientific Support
   Security Tools
   Smart Card Support
   System Administration Tools
   System Management
Done

創建apache服務的用戶和組

[root@linfan ~]# groupadd -r apache
[root@linfan ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g apache apache

安裝依賴包

[root@linfan ~]# yum -y install openssl-devel pcre-devel expat-devel libtool

下載和安裝apr以及apr-util

[root@linfan ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@linfan src]# wget http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.6.3.tar.bz2
[root@linfan src]# wget http://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@linfan src]# ls
apr-1.6.3.tar.bz2  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2  debug  kernels
[root@linfan src]# tar xf apr-1.6.3.tar.bz2
[root@linfan src]# tar xf apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2
[root@linfan src]# ls
apr-1.6.3  apr-1.6.3.tar.bz2  apr-util-1.6.1  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2  debug  kernels
[root@linfan src]# cd apr-1.6.3
[root@linfan apr-1.6.3]# vi configure
    cfgfile=${ofile}T
    trap "$RM \"$cfgfile\"; exit 1" 1 2 15
    $RM "$cfgfile" //將此行加上註釋或刪除此行

root@linfan apr-1.6.3]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr    
[root@linfan apr-1.6.3]# make -j && make install 

[root@linfan apr-util-1.6.1]# cd /usr/src/apr-util-1.6.1
[root@linfan apr-util-1.6.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr  
[root@linfan apr-util-1.6.1]# make -j && make install       

編譯安裝httpd

[root@linfan ~]# wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache//httpd/httpd-2.4.34.tar.bz2
[root@linfan ~]# ls
[root@linfan ~]# tar xf httpd-2.4.34.tar.bz2
[root@linfan ~]# cd httpd-2.4.34
[root@linfan httpd-2.4.34]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \ //網站發佈存放的目錄
> --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 \    //httpd編譯安裝的主配置文件
> --enable-so \
> --enable-ssl \
> --enable-cgi \
> --enable-rewrite \
> --with-zlib \
> --with-pcre \
> --with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
> --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \
> --enable-modules=most \
> --enable-mpms-shared=all \
> --with-mpm=prefork
[root@linfan ~]# make -j && make install

安裝後配置

[root@linfan ~]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@linfan ~]# source /etc/profile.d/httpd.sh
[root@linfan ~]# ln -s /usr/local/apache/include/ /usr/include/httpd
[root@linfan ~]# echo 'MANPATH /usr/local/apache/man' >> /etc/man.config

取消 ServerName前面的註釋

[root@linfan ~]# sed -i '/#ServerName/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

啓動apache

[root@linfan ~]# apachectl start
[root@linfan ~]#  ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                Local Address:Port                               Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                               *:22                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      100                       127.0.0.1:25                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      128                              :::80                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      128                              :::22                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      100            
                 ::1:25                                           :::*   

3.2 安裝mysql

安裝依賴包

[root@linfan ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

創建用戶和組

[root@linfan ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql
[root@linfan ~]# useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin -g 306 -u 306 mysql

下載二進制格式的mysql軟件包

[root@linfan ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@linfan src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/file/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  

解壓軟件至/usr/local/

[root@linfan src]# ls
apr-1.6.3          apr-util-1.6.1          debug    mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
apr-1.6.3.tar.bz2  apr-util-1.6.1.tar.bz2  kernels
[root@linfan src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@linfan src]# ls  /usr/local/
apache  apr-util  etc    include  lib64    mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  share
apr     bin       games  lib      libexec  sbin                                 src
[root@linfan src]# cd  /usr/local/ 
[root@linfan local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql
‘mysql’ -> ‘mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/’
[root@linfan local]# ll
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 152 Aug 17 12:46 apache
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root  58 Aug 17 12:35 apr
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root  43 Aug 17 12:40 apr-util
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 Nov  5  2016 bin
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 Nov  5  2016 etc
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 Nov  5  2016 games
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 Nov  5  2016 include
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 Nov  5  2016 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 Nov  5  2016 lib64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 Nov  5  2016 libexec
lrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root  36 Aug 17 13:54 mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/
drwxr-xr-x.  9 root root 129 Aug 17 13:30 mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 Nov  5  2016 sbin
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root  49 Jul 11 15:44 share
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   6 Nov  5  2016 src

修改目錄/usr/locaal/mysql的屬主屬組

[root@linfan ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@linfan ~]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 36 Aug 17 13:54 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/

添加環境變量

[root@linfan ~]# ls /usr/local/mysql
bin  COPYING  docs  include  lib  man  README  share  support-files
[root@linfan ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@linfan ~]# . /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@linfan ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/apache/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

建立數據存放目錄

[root@linfan ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@linfan mysql]# mkdir /opt/data
[root@linfan mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
[root@linfan mysql]# ll /opt/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql   6 Aug 17 14:05 data
drwxr-xr-x. 8 root  root  220 Jul 18 17:09 lin.d

初始化數據庫

[root@linfan mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/
2018-08-17T06:08:33.347313Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-08-17T06:08:33.873415Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-08-17T06:08:33.953310Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-08-17T06:08:34.016549Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: f8e46285-a1e3-11e8-b6bf-000c29c9d4ed.
2018-08-17T06:08:34.019542Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-08-17T06:08:34.023380Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: B<HiGFoc.8yZ
//這個命令的最後會生成一個臨時密碼，此處密碼是B<HiGFoc.8yZ

配置mysql

[root@linfan ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql
‘/usr/local/include/mysql’ -> ‘/usr/local/mysql/include/’
[root@linfan ~]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
[root@linfan ~]# ldconfig -v 

生成配置文件

[root@linfan ~]# cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
> [mysqld]
> basedir = /usr/local/mysql
> datadir = /opt/data
> socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
> port = 3306
> pid-file = /opt/data/mysql.pid
> user = mysql
> skip-name-resolve
> EOF

配置服務啓動腳本

[root@linfan ~]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@linfan ~]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@linfan ~]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld     

啓動mysql

[root@linfan ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/opt/data/linfan.err'.
 SUCCESS!
[root@linfan ~]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root      52200      1  0 14:25 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid
mysql     52378  52200  4 14:25 pts/1    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=linfan.err --pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root      52408   2998  0 14:25 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
[root@linfan ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                Local Address:Port                               Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                               *:22                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      100                       127.0.0.1:25                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      128                              :::80                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      128                              :::22                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      100                             ::1:25                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      80                               :::3306                                         :::*   

修改密碼
使用臨時密碼修改

[root@linfan ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.22

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set password = password('linfan123');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit
Bye

3.3 安裝php

配置yum源

[root@linfan ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@linfan yum.repos.d]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@linfan yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/\$releasever/7/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@linfan yum.repos.d]# sed -i 's/^enabled=.*/enabled=1/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
[root@linfan yum.repos.d]# yum -y install epel-release 

安裝依賴包

[root@linfan ~]# yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel openssl openssl-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel libcurl libcurl-devel libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel gmp gmp-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel readline readline-devel libxslt libxslt-devel mhash mhash-devel   

下載php

[root@linfan ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@linfan src]# wget http://cn.php.net/distributions/php-7.2.8.tar.xz

編譯安裝php

[root@linfan ~]#ls
[root@linfan ~]#tar xf php-7.2.8.tar.xz
[root@linfan ~]#cd php-7.2.8 
[root@linfan php-7.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-curl --with-freetype-dir --with-gd --with-gettext --with-iconv-dir --with-kerberos --with-libdir=lib64 --with-libxml-dir=/usr --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-openssl --with-pcre-regex --with-pdo-mysql --with-pdo-sqlite --with-pear --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --with-zlib --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --enable-fpm --enable-bcmath --enable-libxml --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --enable-mbstring --enable-opcache --enable-pcntl --enable-shmop --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-sysvsem --enable-xml --enable-zip  

[root@linfan php-7.2.8]# make -j $(cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor|wc -l)
[root@linfan php-7.2.8]# make install  

安裝後配置

[root@linfan ~]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/php7/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@linfan ~]# source /etc/profile.d/php7.sh
[root@linfan ~]# which php
/usr/local/php7/bin/php
[root@linfan ~]# php -v
PHP 7.2.8 (cli) (built: Aug 17 2018 16:27:08) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies

配置php-fpm

[root@linfan php-7.2.8]# cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
[root@linfan php-7.2.8]# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@linfan php-7.2.8]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
[root@linfan php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
[root@linfan php-7.2.8]# cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf  

編輯php-fpm的配置文件（/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf）
配置fpm的相關選項爲你所需要的值:

[root@linfan ~]# vi /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
...
...
pm.max_children = 50 //最多同時50個進程提供50個併發服務
pm.start_servers = 5 //啓動時啓動5個進程
pm.min_spare_servers = 2 //最小空閒進程數
pm.max_spare_servers = 8  //最大空閒進程數
[root@linfan ~]# tail /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf
; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the
; file.
; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by:
;  - the global prefix if it's been set (-p argument)
;  - /usr/local/php7 otherwise
include=/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8

啓動php-fpm

[root@linfan ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm  done
[root@linfan ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                Local Address:Port                               Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                               *:22                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      100                       127.0.0.1:25                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      128                       127.0.0.1:9000                                          *:*
LISTEN     0      128                              :::80                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      128                              :::22                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      100                             ::1:25                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      80                               :::3306                                         :::*
[root@linfan ~]# ps -ef|grep php
root      91842      1  0 16:41 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nobody    91843  91842  0 16:41 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    91844  91842  0 16:41 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    91845  91842  0 16:41 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    91846  91842  0 16:41 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody    91847  91842  0 16:41 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root      91850  75645  0 16:41 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto php

3.4配置apache

3.4.1 啓用代理模塊

在apache httpd 2.4以後已經專門有一個模塊針對FastCGI的實現，此模塊爲mod_proxy_fcgi.so,它其實是作爲mod_proxy.so模塊的擴展，因此，這兩個模塊都要加載，編輯httpd.conf文件，取消一下兩行的註釋：

• LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
• LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

啓用httpd的相關模塊

[root@linfan ~]# sed -i '/proxy_module/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
[root@linfan ~]# sed -i '/proxy_fcgi_module/s/#//g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf   

3.4.2配置虛擬主機

在需要使用fcgi的虛擬主機中添加類似如下兩行

ProxyRequests Off  //關閉正向代理
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/PATH/TO/DOCUMENT_ROOT/$1

例如

ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/var/www/html/idfsoft.com/
  $1

在配置文件的最後加入以下內容

[root@linfan ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf   
</IfModule>
<VirtualHost *:80>
    DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/doudou.com"
    ServerName www.doudou.com
    ProxyRequests Off
    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/usr/local/apache/htdocs/doudou.com/$1
    <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs/doudou.com">
        Options none
        AllowOverride none
        Require all granted
    </Directory>
</VirtualHost>         

搜索AddType，添加以下內容

[root@linfan ~]# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf   
# If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php //添加此行
    AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps   //添加此行

[root@linfan ~]# sed -i '/    DirectoryIndex/s/index.html/index.php index.html/g' /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

創建虛擬主機目錄並生成php測試頁面

[root@linfan ~]# mkdir /usr/local/apache/htdocs/doudou.com
[root@linfan ~]# cat > /usr/local/apache/htdocs/doudou.com/index.php <<EOF     
<?php
  phpinfo()；
？>
EOF
[root@linfan ~]#  chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
[root@linfan ~]# ll /usr/local/apache/htdocs/ -d
drwxr-xr-x. 3 apache apache 42 Aug 17 17:35 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/

重啓apache服務

[root@linfan ~]# apachectl stop
[root@linfan ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                Local Address:Port                               Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                               *:22                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      100                       127.0.0.1:25                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      128                       127.0.0.1:9000                                          *:*
LISTEN     0      128                              :::22                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      100                             ::1:25                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      80                               :::3306                                         :::*
[root@linfan ~]# apachectl start
[root@linfan ~]# ss -antl
State      Recv-Q Send-Q                Local Address:Port                               Peer Address:Port
LISTEN     0      128                               *:80                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      128                               *:22                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      100                       127.0.0.1:25                                            *:*
LISTEN     0      128                       127.0.0.1:9000                                          *:*
LISTEN     0      128                              :::22                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      100                             ::1:25                                           :::*
LISTEN     0      80                               :::3306                                         :::* 

3.5 驗證

1.修改/etc/hosts文件，添加域名與IP的映射

2.在瀏覽器上使用域名訪問，如圖所示，實驗成功