CentOS7.2通用二進制格式安裝mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
提前準備好mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql ###添加mysql用戶
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g 306 -u 306 mysql ###添加mysql組
[root@localhost dylan]# tar xf mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@localhost dylan]# cd /usr/local/
[root@localhost local]# ln -sv mariadb-5.5.46-linux-x86_64/ mysql ###創建mysql鏈接
[root@localhost local]# cd mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R root.mysql ./* ###更改屬組屬組
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -pv /mydata/data ###創建數據目錄
mkdir: 已創建目錄 "/mydata"
mkdir: 已創建目錄 "/mydata/data"
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data/ ###更改數據目錄權限
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /etc/mysql
###將選擇的配置文件複製至/etc/mysql/中，並重命名爲my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf ###編輯添加
thread_concurrency = 8
datadir = /mydata/data ###設定數據文件目錄
innodb_file_per_table = ON
skip_name_resolve = ON ###跳過主機名解析
###複製mysqld的服務管理文件至/etc/rc.d/init.d並命名爲mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# ls -l /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 12196 6月 20 22:28 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld ###添加服務
###程序初始化，指定用戶爲mysql,數據目錄爲/mydata/data
[root@localhost mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL. ERROR! ###啓動錯誤
###編輯selinux，關閉selinux
[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
[root@localhost mysql]# getenforce
Enforcing
[root@localhost mysql]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost mysql]# getenforce
Permissive
###此時啓動依然出錯，mysql讀取配置文件不僅僅有一個，mysql進程會以此去找很多個位置，並使用最後的作爲最終的配置。
[root@localhost /]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql --help --verbose ###查看讀取次序
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 5.5.46-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) using read
line 5.1Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Usage: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql [OPTIONS] [database]
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf ###讀取順序
###於是查看/etc/my.cnf文件，在log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log中，於是查看/var/log/中不存在mariadb目錄，需手動創建，或者將此註銷掉，否則啓動服務會失敗。
[root@localhost rc.d]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log ###錯誤日誌路徑
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid
###查看/var/log/下並沒有mariadb目錄，於是有三種方法解決：
1.mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak ###使/etc/my.cnf失效
2.vim /etc/my.cnf
#log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log ###註銷掉
3.mkdir /var/log/mariadb ###創建mariadb目錄
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir /var/log/mariadb ###此處使用第三種方法
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL... SUCCESS! ###成功啓動
###修改環境變量
[root@localhost rc.d]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@localhost rc.d]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh ###重讀此配置文件
###導出頭文件
[root@localhost rc.d]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysqld
"/usr/include/mysqld" -> "/usr/local/mysql/include/"
###導出庫文件
[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib
[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# ldconfig ###系統重載入系統庫
[root@localhost ld.so.conf.d]# ldconfig -p |grep mysql ###查看庫文件讀取
libmysqld.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqld.so.18
libmysqld.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqld.so
libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/lib64/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.18
libmysqlclient.so.18 (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18
libmysqlclient.so (libc6,x86-64) => /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so
###mysql安全加固
[root@localhost bin]# mysql_secure_installation ###運行此命令進行設置