Nginx反向代理Tomcat服務器

一、實驗環境

服務器	IP地址	軟件版本
tomcat	172.16.88.1	apache-tomcat-7.0.42
nginx	172.16.88.4	nginx-1.4.7

nginx安裝參考指南：http://584014981.blog.51cto.com/8605371/1403791

tomcat安裝參考指南：http://584014981.blog.51cto.com/8605371/1409482

二、nginx反向代理

1、修改nginx配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
          location / {
                  proxy_pass http://172.16.88.1:8080/;
                      }
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

• 測試：

注：（在tomcat上設置默認虛擬主機爲www.gulong.com，

# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/server.xml
  <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="www.gulong.com">）

2、nginx做圖片緩存

• 修改nginx配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
proxy_cache_path /nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=first:10m inactive=24h max_size=1G; //新建緩存路徑與相關屬性
 upstream backend {  //建立後端tomcat服務器集羣
    server 172.16.88.1:8080;
}
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
          location / {
                  proxy_pass http://backend; //轉發給後端服務器
                      }
          location ~* "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|html|css|js)$" {  //緩存圖片與靜態內容
    proxy_pass http://backend;
    proxy_cache first;
    proxy_cache_valid 200 24h;  //200狀態緩存24小時
    proxy_cache_valid 302 10m;  //302狀態緩存10分鐘
    add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;}//在http頭部增加一個字段顯示是否命令緩存
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }
}
}

• 創建緩存目錄：

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -pv /nginx/cache
[root@localhost ~]# service nginx restart

• 測試:

大家可以看到我們訪問的所有的靜態內容都是命中的，X-Cache-Status: HIT，下面們來看一下緩存的目錄：

3、實現動靜分離

目的：將靜態內容緩存在nginx服務器上，讓用戶請求的靜態內容到nginx去取，動態內容到tomcat服務器上去取，

• 編輯nginx配置文件/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;
#pid        logs/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}
http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
proxy_cache_path /nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=first:10m inactive=24h max_size=1G;
 upstream backend {
    server 172.16.88.1:8080;
}
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  localhost;
         location / {
         root html ;
        rewrite ^/ http://172.16.88.1:8080/index.jsp last; //重定向後端jsp頁面
       }
          location ~* "\.(jsp|do)"{       //訪問jsp等頁面，轉向tomcat
                  proxy_pass http://backend;
                      }
    location ~* "\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|html|css|js)$" {
    proxy_pass http://backend;
    proxy_cache first;
    proxy_cache_valid 200 24h;
    proxy_cache_valid 302 10m;
    add_header X-Cache-Status $upstream_cache_status;}
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

• 測試，遊覽器輸入172.16.88.4

從上圖看靜態數據從nginx緩存中取得！

jsp頁面還是從後端tomcat取得！

到此，nginx的反向代理已經介紹完畢!下次介紹下apache對tomcat做反向代理！