Mariadb數據複製功能實現
實驗環境：兩臺服務器IP：192.168.1.117；IP：192.168.1.118.
實驗目的：實現數據庫橫向擴展。
實驗方案：服務器192.168.1.117作爲主節點，服務器192.168.1.118.作爲從節點。
實驗步驟：分爲五步來完成實驗，首先數據庫安裝，其次主從節點配置，再次複製功能實現，最後做測試。
一、數據庫的安裝
在此安裝mariadb-5.5.42-linux-x86_64版本。
[root@db ~]# mkdir -pv /mydata/data //創建目錄，做數據存儲位置。實際應用中應掛硬盤。
mkdir: created directory `/mydata'
mkdir: created directory `/mydata/data'
[root@db ~]# useradd mysql //創建mysql用戶。
[root@db ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/data
[root@db mariadb]# ls
mariadb-5.5.42-linux-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@db mariadb]# tar xf mariadb-5.5.42-linux-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@db ~]# cd /usr/local
[root@db local]# ln -sv mariadb-5.5.42-linux-x86_64 mysql //解壓之後，創建鏈接文件。
`mysql' -> `mariadb-5.5.42-linux-x86_64'
[root@db local]# cd mysql
[root@db mysql]# chown -R root.mysql ./*
[root@db mysql]# mkdir /etc/mysql //在此創建目錄放MySQL的配置文件。
[root@db mysql]# cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf //mysql的配置文件。
[root@db mysql]# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf
datadir=/mydata/data
[root@db mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
cp: overwrite `/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld'? yes
[root@db mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@db mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --datadir=/mydata/data --user=mysql//數據庫的初始化。
[root@db mysql]# mkdir -pv /mydata/{binlogs,relaylogs} //二進制日誌和中繼日誌存放位置。
mkdir: created directory `/mydata/binlogs'
mkdir: created directory `/mydata/relaylogs'
[root@db mysql]#
[root@db mysql]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mydata/ //爲/mydata/目錄下的所有文件定義成mysql用戶mysql組。
[root@db mysql]# vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh //配置mysql的PATH路徑。
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@db mysql]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh //到此處mariadb的安裝基本完成。
二、數據庫的主從節點配置
[root@db mysql]# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf //在此定義主節點，此時切換到
log-bin=/mydata/binlogs/mysql-master-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id = 1
[root@db mysql]# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf //在此定義從節點。
relay-log=/mydata/relaylogs/mysql-relay-log
# log-bin=mysql-bin
# binlog_format=mixed
server-id = 11
[root@db mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL..... [ OK ]
[root@db mysql]# mysql //啓動之後即可以
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.42-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>
三、數據庫的複製功能實現
在主節點上，創建有複製權限的賬號。
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO reuser@'192.168.1.118' IDENTIFIED BY 'repass';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW MASTER STATUS;
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-master-bin.000002 | 745 | | |
+-------------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在從節點上使用有複製權限的賬號鏈接master。
MariaDB [(none)]> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.1.117',MASTER_USER='reuser',MASTER_PASSWORD='repass',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-master-bin.000002',MASTER_LOG_POS=745;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.22 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G; //下面只是一部分。
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.1.117
Master_User: reuser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 745
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-log.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No //io線程和sql線程均未啓動。
在從節點數據io線程和sql線程的開啓。
MariaDB [(none)]> START SLAVE;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G; //再次查看已開啓。
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.117
Master_User: reuser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 832
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay-log.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 623
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-master-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
四、做下測試，現在主節點上創建一個數據庫，而後查看從節點上數據庫
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE dbtest;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| dbtest |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.06 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES; //在從節點上查看數據庫信息，很明顯實驗成功了。
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| dbtest |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.30 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]>