mysql 編譯安裝
1、創建mysql帳號
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M mysql
2、獲取安裝包
http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/
選擇自己需要的版本(注意和二進制軟件包名字的差異)
格式 | 包名 |
mysql源碼 | mysql-5.7.18.tar.gz |
mysql二進制 | mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz |
3、編譯安裝
(1)下載安裝包
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /opt/soft/
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/soft/
[root@localhost soft]# wget -q http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18.tar.gz
(2)解壓、配置
解壓安裝包
[root@localhost soft]# tar zxf mysql-5.7.18.tar.gz
建立目錄
[root@localhost soft]# mkdir /opt/mysql57/
[root@localhost soft]# mkdir /opt/mysql57/data
MySQL 5.5版本以後,使用CMake編譯工具
安裝組件
[root@localhost soft]# yum -y install cmake make gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake ncurses-devel libaio-devel bison-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel readline-devel
編譯配置:
可參考官方文檔https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/source-configuration-options.html
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX | 指定mysql安裝文件目錄 |
-DMYSQL_DATADIR | 指定mysql數據文件目錄 |
-DSYSCONFDIR | 指定mysql配置文件目錄 |
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR | 指定mysql.sock路徑 |
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT | 指定mysql端口 |
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET | 指定默認字符集 |
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION | 指定默認排序規則(utf8_general_ci快速) |
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE | 從本地導入數據 |
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE | 安裝innodb存儲引擎 |
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE | 安裝archive存儲引擎 |
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE | 安裝blackhole存儲引擎 |
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE | 不安裝example存儲引擎 |
-DWITHOUT_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE | 不安裝federated存儲引擎 |
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE | 不安裝partition存儲引擎 |
-DWITH_SSL | 啓用ssl庫支持 |
-DWITH_ZLIB | 啓用zlib庫支持 |
-DWITH_READLINE | 啓用readline庫支持 |
-DWITH_LIBWRAP | 關閉libwrap庫支持 |
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS | 安裝所有字符集 |
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST | MySQL5.7.5後Boost庫是必需 |
如果要重新配置要執行以下命令:
make clean
rm CMakeCache.txt
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/mysql57 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/opt/mysql57/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE \
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE \
-DWITH_SSL=system \
-DWITH_ZLIB=system \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_LIBWRAP=0 \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost
(3)編譯安裝
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.18]# make -j `grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l`
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.18]# make install
[root@localhost ~]# ls /opt/mysql57/
bin COPYING docs include lib man mysql-test README share support-files
安裝成功!
(4)建立配置文件
注意事項:
1、MySQL5.5數據庫默認爲用戶提供了多個配置文件模板,但是MySQL5.5之後的support-files目錄下已經沒有配置文件模板了
2、在CentOS6.6版操作系統最小化安裝完成後,在/etc目錄下會存在一個my.cnf,需要將此文件更名爲其他的名字,如:/etc/my.cnf.bak,否則,該文件會干擾源碼安裝的MySQL的正確配置,造成無法啓動。
[root@localhost ~]# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak
#在啓動MySQL服務時,會按照一定的順序搜索my.cnf,先在/etc目錄下找,找不到則會搜索"$basedir/my.cnf"
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
user=mysql
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
basedir=/opt/mysql57/
datadir=/opt/mysql57/data/
tmpdir=/opt/mysql57/data/
pid-file=/opt/mysql57/data/mysql.pid
log_error=/opt/mysql57/data/mysql.err
server-id = 137
log_bin = /opt/mysql57/data/binlog
slow_query_log = ON
long_query_time = 2
slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql57/data/query_log
log_queries_not_using_indexes = ON
以上只是簡單示例
(5)授權mysql用戶
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql57/
(6)初始化數據庫
[root@localhost ~]# /opt/mysql57/bin/mysqld --initialize --basedir=/opt/mysql57/ --datadir=/opt/mysql57/data/ --user=mysql
[root@localhost data]# tail -f mysql.err
2017-06-29T13:21:35.392220Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2017-06-29T13:21:36.231983Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2017-06-29T13:21:36.364585Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2017-06-29T13:21:36.434567Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: e09a3e70-5ccd-11e7-9dd2-c81f66c50de9.
2017-06-29T13:21:36.435687Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2017-06-29T13:21:36.437654Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Dh<pE9py7igK
初始化之後的密碼文件也保存在這裏一份
[root@localhost mysql57]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2017-06-29 19:21:38
Dh<pE9py7igK
(7) 建立啓動腳本
[root@localhost mysql57]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql57]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@localhost mysql57]# vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/opt/mysql57/
datadir=/opt/mysql57/data/
mysqld_pid_file_path=/opt/mysql57/data/
[root@localhost data]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
mysql服務開機啓動
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on
設置環境變量
[root@localhost data]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql57/bin' >> /etc/profile
[root@localhost data]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/opt/mysql57/bin:/root/bin
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> set password=password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' password expire never;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
另一種:
grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "123456" with grant option;
注意點:
安裝的依賴庫的說明
1> cmake
MySQL5.5後使用cmake跨平臺工具預編譯源碼,用於設置mysql的編譯參數。如:安裝目錄、數據存放目錄、字符編碼、排序規則等。安裝最新版本即可。
2> make
mysql源代碼是由C和C++語言編寫,在linux下使用make對源碼進行編譯和構建,要求必須安裝make 3.75或以上版本
3> gcc4.4.6
GCC是Linux下的C語言編譯工具,mysql源碼編譯完全由C和C++編寫,要求必須安裝GCC4.4.6或以上版本
4> Boost1.59.0
mysql源碼中用到了C++的Boost庫,要求必須安裝boost1.59.0或以上版本
5> bison2.1
Linux下C/C++語法分析器
6> ncurses
字符終端處理庫