從一個客戶端的請求開始:
先經過Web.xml 到達struts.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" /> 自動編譯 <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" /> 訪問靜態屬性和方法要設置的 <constant name="struts.ognl.allowStaticMethodAccess" value="true"> </constant> 模塊包含,包含ognl.xml <include file="/com/bjsxt/struts2/ognl/ognl.xml" /> </struts>
被包含的ognl.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> <struts> <package name="ognl" extends="struts-default"> <action name="ognl" class="com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl.OgnlAction"> <result>/ognl.jsp</result> </action> <action name="test" class="com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl.TestAction"> <result type="chain">ognl</result> </action> </package> </struts>
OgnlAction 類:
package com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class OgnlAction extends ActionSupport { private Cat cat; private Map<String, Dog> dogMap = new HashMap<String, Dog>(); private Set<Dog> dogs = new HashSet<Dog>(); private String password; private User user; private String username; private List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>(); public OgnlAction() { users.add(new User(1)); users.add(new User(2)); users.add(new User(3)); dogs.add(new Dog("dog1")); dogs.add(new Dog("dog2")); dogs.add(new Dog("dog3")); dogMap.put("dog100", new Dog("dog100")); dogMap.put("dog101", new Dog("dog101")); dogMap.put("dog102", new Dog("dog102")); } public String execute() { return SUCCESS; } public Cat getCat() { return cat; } public Map<String, Dog> getDogMap() { return dogMap; } public Set<Dog> getDogs() { return dogs; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public User getUser() { return user; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public List<User> getUsers() { return users; } public String m() { return "hello"; } public void setCat(Cat cat) { this.cat = cat; } public void setDogMap(Map<String, Dog> dogMap) { this.dogMap = dogMap; } public void setDogs(Set<Dog> dogs) { this.dogs = dogs; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public void setUser(User user) { this.user = user; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public void setUsers(List<User> users) { this.users = users; } }
Cat類:
package com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl; public class Cat { private Dog friend; public Dog getFriend() { return friend; } public void setFriend(Dog friend) { this.friend = friend; } public String miaomiao() { return "miaomiao"; } }
Dog類:
package com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl; public class Dog { private String name ; public Dog() { } public Dog(String name) { super(); this.name = name; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public String toString() { return "dog: " + name; } }
S類:
package com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl; public class S { public static String STR = "STATIC STRING"; public static String s() { return "static method"; } }
User類:
package com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl; public class User { private int age = 8; public User() { } public User(int age) { super(); this.age = age; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } @Override public String toString() { return "user" + age; } }
最重要的ognl.jsp(包含訪問值棧中各種元素的方法):
<body> <ol> <li>訪問值棧中的action的普通屬性: username = <s:property value="username"/> </li> <li>訪問值棧中對象的普通屬性(get set方法):<s:property value="user.age"/> | <s:property value="user['age']"/> | <s:property value="user[\"age\"]"/> | wrong: <%--<s:property value="user[age]"/>--%></li> <li>訪問值棧中對象的普通屬性(get set方法): <s:property value="cat.friend.name"/></li> <li>訪問值棧中對象的普通方法:<s:property value="password.length()"/></li> <li>訪問值棧中對象的普通方法:<s:property value="cat.miaomiao()" /></li> <li>訪問值棧中action的普通方法:<s:property value="m()" /></li> <hr /> <li>訪問靜態方法:<s:property value="@com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl.S@s()"/></li> <li>訪問靜態屬性:<s:property value="@com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl.S@STR"/></li> <li>訪問Math類的靜態方法:<s:property value="@@max(2,3)" /></li> <hr /> <li>訪問普通類的構造方法:<s:property value="new com.bjsxt.struts2.ognl.User(8)"/></li> <hr /> <li>訪問List:<s:property value="users"/></li> <li>訪問List中某個元素:<s:property value="users[1]"/></li> <li>訪問List中元素某個屬性的集合:<s:property value="users.{age}"/></li> <li>訪問List中元素某個屬性的集合中的特定值:<s:property value="users.{age}[0]"/> | <s:property value="users[0].age"/></li> <li>訪問Set:<s:property value="dogs"/></li> <li>訪問Set中某個元素:<s:property value="dogs[1]"/></li> <li>訪問Map:<s:property value="dogMap"/></li> <li>訪問Map中某個元素:<s:property value="dogMap.dog101"/> | <s:property value="dogMap['dog101']"/> | <s:property value="dogMap[\"dog101\"]"/></li> <li>訪問Map中所有的key:<s:property value="dogMap.keys"/></li> <li>訪問Map中所有的value:<s:property value="dogMap.values"/></li> <li>訪問容器的大小:<s:property value="dogMap.size()"/> | <s:property value="users.size"/> </li> <hr /> <li>投影(過濾):<s:property value="users.{?#this.age==1}[0]"/></li> <li>投影:<s:property value="users.{^#this.age>1}.{age}"/></li> <li>投影:<s:property value="users.{$#this.age>1}.{age}"/></li> <li>投影:<s:property value="users.{$#this.age>1}.{age} == null"/></li> <hr /> <li>[]:<s:property value="[0].username"/></li> </ol> <s:debug></s:debug> struts2提供了一個非常好的調試方法.就是在頁面上添加一個debug標籤..它會自動幫我們將一些信息顯示在頁面上;這個值棧又分爲兩種.Value Stack Contents 和 Stack Context . (1).Value Stack Contents 裏面的信息我們可以用 <s:property value="sss"> 這樣來直接訪問. (2) Stack Context 裏面的信息我們可以 <s:property value="#sss">這樣來訪問 </body>