1 mysql多實例安裝和配置
yum install ncurses-devel libaio-devel-y ##安裝Mysql相關依賴包
rpm -qa ncurses-devel libaio-devel ##檢查
cat /etc/cache/yum.conf
keepcache=1 ##改爲1，存爲yum包
ll /var/cache/yum/ ##yum包保存目錄
tar xf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz ##安裝cmake包，mysql編譯軟件
cd cmake-2.8.8
./configure
gmake
gmake install
useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
tar zxf mysql-5.5.32.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.32
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/application/mysql-5.5.32\ #安裝路徑
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/application/mysql/data \ #數據文件存放位置
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #支持MyIASM引擎
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #支持InnoDB引擎
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #支持Memory引擎
-DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 \
-DWITH_ZLIB=bundled \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ #允許從本地導入數據
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ #安裝支持數據庫分區
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ #安裝所有的字符集
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ #默認字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_DEBUG=0
make && make install
ln -s /application/mysql-5.5.32/ /application/mysql
mkdir -p /data/{3306,3307}/data
tree /data
ls -l /application/mysql/support-files/my*.cnf ##mysql配置文件
my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf ##my.cnf詳細配置文件解釋
vim /data/3306/my.cnf ##創建mysql配置文件
vim /data/3307/my.cnf
3306 my.cnf | 3307 my.cnf |
[client] port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock
[mysql] no-auto-rehash
[mysqld] user = mysql port = 3306 socket = /data/3306/mysql.sock basedir = /aplication/mysql datadir = /data/3306/data open_files_limit = 1024 back_log = 600 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 3000 table_cache = 614 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet =8M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 100 thread_concurrency = 2 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k #default_table_type = InnoDB thread_stack = 192K #transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED tmp_table_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 2M long_query_time = 1 pid-file = /data/3306/mysql.pid relay-log = /data/3306/relay-bin relay-log-info-file = /data/3306/relay-log.info binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_size = 2M key_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db=mysql
server-id = 1
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 4M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = 0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 2M
[mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/3306/mysql_3306.err pid-file=/data/3306/mysqld.pid
| [client] ##客戶端 port = 3307 socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock
[mysql] no-auto-rehash
[mysqld] ##服務端 user = mysql port = 3307 socket = /data/3307/mysql.sock basedir = /aplication/mysql ##安裝路徑 datadir = /data/3307/data ##數據文件 open_files_limit = 1024 back_log = 600 max_connections = 800 max_connect_errors = 3000 table_cache = 614 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet =8M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 100 thread_concurrency = 2 query_cache_size = 2M query_cache_limit = 1M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k #default_table_type = InnoDB thread_stack = 192K #transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED tmp_table_size = 2M max_heap_table_size = 2M long_query_time = 1 pid-file = /data/3307/mysql.pid relay-log = /data/3307/relay-bin relay-log-info-file = /data/3307/relay-log.info binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_cache_size = 1M max_binlog_size = 2M key_buffer_size = 16M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 1M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 1M lower_case_table_names = 1 skip-name-resolve slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062 replicate-ignore-db=mysql
server-id = 3
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 4M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:128M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 2M innodb_log_file_size = 4M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = 0 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 2M
[mysqld_safe] log-error=/data/3307/mysql_3307.err ##錯誤信息 pid-file=/data/3307/mysqld.pid |
vim /data/3306/mysql ##mysql多實例啓動文件
vim /data/3307/mysql
3306/mysql | 3307/mysql |
#!/bin/sh #init port=3306 mysql_user="root" mysql_pwd="a13593029788" CmdPath="/aplication/mysql/bin" mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock" #startup function function_start_mysql() { if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & else printf "MySQL is running ...\n" exit fi } #stop function function_stop_mysql() { if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "MySQL is stopped...\n" exit else printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown fi } #restart function function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql sleep 2 function_start_mysql }
case $1 in start) function_start_mysql ;; stop) function_stop_mysql ;; restart) function_restart_mysql ;; *) printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql{start|stop|restart}\n" esac | #/bin/sh #init port=3307 mysql_user="root" mysql_pwd="a13593029788" CmdPath="/aplication/mysql/bin" mysql_sock="/data/${port}/mysql.sock" #startup function function_start_mysql() { if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "Starting MySQL...\n" /bin/sh ${CmdPath}/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/${port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & else printf "MySQL is running ...\n" exit fi } #stop function function_stop_mysql() { if [ ! -e "$mysql_sock" ];then printf "MySQL is stopped...\n" exit else printf "Stoping MySQL...\n" ${CmdPath}/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_user} -p${mysql_pwd} -S /data/${port}/mysql.sock shutdown fi } #restart function function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL...\n" function_stop_mysql sleep 2 function_start_mysql }
case $1 in start) function_start_mysql ;; stop) function_stop_mysql ;; restart) function_restart_mysql ;; *) printf "Usage: /data/${port}/mysql{start|stop|restart}\n" esac |
chown -R mysql.mysql /data
find /data -type f -name ”my.cnf” |xargs ls-l
find /data -type f -name ”mysql” |xargschmod 700 ##控制權限，除了mysql和root，其他看不了
ls -l /aplication/mysql/bin/mysql
echo ’exportPATH=/aplication/mysql/bin:$PATH’ >>/etc/profile
source/etc/profile
echo$PATH
whichmysql
或：
ln -s /aplication/mysql/bin/*/usr/local/sbin/ ##通過軟鏈接設置環境變量
ls -s /usr/local/sbin/mysql*
初始化mysql數據：
cd /aplication/mysql/scripts/
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/aplication/mysql/--datadir=/data/3306/data/ --user=mysql
./mysql_install_db --basedir=/aplication/mysql/--datadir=/data/3307/data/ --user=mysql
有2個OK即成功。有error不能忽略。
/data/3306/mysql start ##啓動
/data/3307/mysql start
netstat -lntup |grep 330 ##查看啓動進程
tree /data ##查看data目錄結構
排錯：
grep log-error my.cnf|tail -1
tail -100 /data/3306/mysql_3306.err ##查看錯誤日誌
2 mysql多實例登錄
登錄：
mysqladmin -uroot password oldboy -S /data/3306/mysql.sock##給3306數據庫創建賬號密碼
mysql -S /data/3306/mysql.sock ##登錄3306數據庫
或 mysql -uroot-pa13593029788 -S /data/3307/mysql.sock ##帶賬號密碼登錄3307數據庫（一定注意命令格式，否則容易登不上）
sed -n ’13p’ /data/3306/mysql
sed -e ’13 s#oldboy#oldboy123#g’/data/3306/mysql ##改密碼
sed -e ’13 s#oldboy#oldboy456#g’/data/3307/mysql
/data/3306/mysql stop ##停止數據庫
ss -lntuo|grep 3306 ##查看進程是否停止
本地登陸，根據mysql.sock文件建立本地連接，確定具體登陸到那個實例。
遠程登錄，通過TCP端口port制定所需登錄的mysql實例：端口port——例：mysql –uroot –pa13593029788 –h10.0.0.7 –P 3307，-P爲端口參數，接具體實例端口。提前在10.0.0.7對root用戶做授權。
3 增加一個Mysql實例
mkdir –p /data/3308/data
\cp /data/3306/my.cnf /data/3308/
\cp /data/3306/mysql /data/3308/
sed –i ’s/3306/3308/g’ /data/3308/my.cnf
sed –i ’s/server-id=1/ server-id=8/g’/data/3308/my.cnf
sed –i ’s/3306/3308/g’ /data/3308/mysql
chown –R mysql:mysql /data/3308
chmod 700 /data/3308/mysql
cd /aplication/mysql/scripts
./mysql_install_db--basedir=/aplication/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3308/data/ --user=mysql
chown –R mysql:mysql /data/3308
/data/3308/mysql start
sleep 5
netstat –lntup|grep 3308
mysql –S /data/3308/mysql.sock
4 重啓後多實例登錄不上解決辦法
service mysqld stop ##mysqld佔用3306端口，與多實例的3306衝突，先關掉。
cd /data/3306
rm -rf mysql.sock mysqld.pid ##刪掉.pid文件和.sock文件，重新生成
cd /data/3307
rm -rf mysql.sock mysqld.pid
cd /data/3308
rm -rf mysql.sock mysqld.pid
/data/3306/mysql start ##再次開啓mysql服務
/data/3307/mysql start
/data/3308/mysql start
netstat -lntup|grep 330 ##查看端口服務是否開啓
若出現mysql的PID文件找不到，則殺掉相關進程。
[root@leslie data]# service mysqld status
ERROR! Multiple MySQL running but PID file could not be found (5209 4477 3710)
[root@leslie data]# kill 5209
[root@leslie data]# kill 4488
[root@leslie data]# kill 3710
[root@leslie data]# service mysqld restart
ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
[root@leslie 3306]# service mysqld stop