Kubernetes1.13新特性
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使用kubeadm(GA)簡化Kubernetes集羣管理
大多數與Kubernetes的工程師,都應該會使用kubeadm。它是管理集羣生命週期的重要工具,從創建到配置再到升級; 現在kubeadm正式成爲GA。kubeadm處理現有硬件上的生產集羣的引導,並以最佳實踐方式配置核心Kubernetes組件,以便爲新節點提供安全而簡單的連接流程並支持輕鬆升級。這個GA版本值得注意的是現在已經畢業的高級功能,特別是可插拔性和可配置性。kubeadm的範圍是管理員和自動化,更高級別系統的工具箱,這個版本是朝這個方向邁出的重要一步。
-
容器存儲接口(CSI)進入GA
容器存儲接口(CSI)現在已經GA,在v1.9中作爲alpha引入,在v1.10中作爲beta引入。通過CSI,Kubernetes卷層變得真正可擴展。這爲第三方存儲提供商提供了編寫與Kubernetes互操作而無需觸及核心代碼的插件的機會。該規範本身也達到了1.0狀態。
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CoreDNS現在是Kubernetes的默認DNS服務器
在1.11中,我們宣佈CoreDNS已達到基於DNS的服務發現的一般可用性。在1.13中,CoreDNS現在將kube-dns替換爲Kubernetes的默認DNS服務器。CoreDNS是一個通用的,權威的DNS服務器,提供與Kubernetes向後兼容但可擴展的集成。CoreDNS比以前的DNS服務器具有更少的移動部件,因爲它是單個可執行文件和單個進程,並通過創建自定義DNS條目來支持靈活的用例。它也用Go編寫,使其具有內存安全性。
一、官方文檔
https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.13.md#downloads-for-v1131
https://kubernetes.io/docs/home/?path=users&persona=app-developer&level=foundational
https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd
https://shengbao.org/348.html
https://github.com/coreos/flannel
http://www.cnblogs.com/blogscc/p/10105134.html
https://blog.csdn.net/xiegh2014/article/details/84830880
https://blog.csdn.net/tiger435/article/details/85002337
https://www.cnblogs.com/wjoyxt/p/9968491.html
https://blog.csdn.net/zhaihaifei/article/details/79098564
http://blog.51cto.com/jerrymin/1898243
http://www.cnblogs.com/xuxinkun/p/5696031.html
二、下載鏈接
Client Binaries
https://dl.k8s.io/v1.13.1/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
Server Binaries
https://dl.k8s.io/v1.13.1/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
Node Binaries
https://dl.k8s.io/v1.13.1/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd
https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.3.10/etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz
flannel
https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.10.0/flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
三、角色劃分
k8s-master1 10.2.8.44 k8s-master etcd、kube-apiserver、kube-controller-manager、kube-scheduler
k8s-node1 10.2.8.65 k8s-node etcd、kubelet、docker、kube_proxy
k8s-node2 10.2.8.34 k8s-node etcd、kubelet、docker、kube_proxy
四、Master部署
4.1 下載軟件
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.13.1/kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.13.1/kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases/download/v3.3.10/etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.10.0/flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
4.2 cfssl安裝
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
chmod +x cfssl_linux-amd64 cfssljson_linux-amd64 cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
mv cfssl_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssl
mv cfssljson_linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /usr/bin/cfssl-certinfo
4.3 創建etcd證書
mkdir /k8s/etcd/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
mkdir /k8s/kubernetes/{bin,cfg,ssl} -p
cd /k8s/etcd/ssl/
1)etcd ca配置
cat << EOF | tee ca-config.json
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"etcd": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
2)etcd ca證書
cat << EOF | tee ca-csr.json
{
"CN": "etcd CA",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing"
}
]
}
EOF
3)etcd server證書
cat << EOF | tee server-csr.json
{
"CN": "etcd",
"hosts": [
"10.2.8.44",
"10.2.8.65",
"10.2.8.34"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing"
}
]
}
EOF
4)生成etcd ca證書和私鑰
初始化ca
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# ls
ca-config.json ca-csr.json server-csr.json
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
2018/12/26 16:13:54 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2018/12/26 16:13:54 [INFO] generate received request
2018/12/26 16:13:54 [INFO] received CSR
2018/12/26 16:13:54 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2018/12/26 16:13:54 [INFO] encoded CSR
2018/12/26 16:13:54 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 144752911121073185391033754516204538929473929443
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# ls
ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem server-csr.json
生成server證書
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=etcd server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=etcd server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2018/12/26 16:18:53 [INFO] generate received request
2018/12/26 16:18:53 [INFO] received CSR
2018/12/26 16:18:53 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2018/12/26 16:18:54 [INFO] encoded CSR
2018/12/26 16:18:54 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 388122587040599986639159163167557684970159030057
2018/12/26 16:18:54 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for websites.
For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# ls
ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem server.csr server-csr.json server-key.pem server.pem
4.4 etcd安裝
1)解壓縮
tar -xvf etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/
cp etcd etcdctl /k8s/etcd/bin/
2)配置etcd主文件
vim /k8s/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd01"
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/data1/etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://10.2.8.44:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.2.8.44:2379"
#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://10.2.8.44:2380"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://10.2.8.44:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://10.2.8.44:2380,etcd02=https://10.2.8.65:2380,etcd03=https://10.2.8.34:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
#[Security]
ETCD_CERT_FILE="/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem"
ETCD_KEY_FILE="/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"
ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem"
ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"
ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE="/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
3)配置etcd啓動文件
mkdir /data1/etcd
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/data1/etcd/
EnvironmentFile=-/k8s/etcd/cfg/etcd.conf
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "GOMAXPROCS=$(nproc) /k8s/etcd/bin/etcd --name=\"${ETCD_NAME}\" --data-dir=\"${ETCD_DATA_DIR}\" --listen-client-urls=\"${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS}\" --listen-peer-urls=\"${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS}\" --advertise-client-urls=\"${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS}\" --initial-cluster-token=\"${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN}\" --initial-cluster=\"${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER}\" --initial-cluster-state=\"${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE}\" --cert-file=\"${ETCD_CERT_FILE}\" --key-file=\"${ETCD_KEY_FILE}\" --trusted-ca-file=\"${ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE}\" --client-cert-auth=\"${ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH}\" --peer-cert-file=\"${ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE}\" --peer-key-file=\"${ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE}\" --peer-trusted-ca-file=\"${ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE}\" --peer-client-cert-auth=\"${ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH}\""
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
4)啓動
注意啓動前etcd02、etcd03同樣配置下
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable etcd
systemctl start etcd
5)服務檢查
/k8s/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://10.2.8.44:2379,https://10.2.8.65:2379,https://10.2.8.34:2379" cluster-health
member c21df2258ce015e6 is healthy: got healthy result from https://10.2.8.34:2379
member d427109ed3caf9c3 is healthy: got healthy result from https://10.2.8.44:2379
member ec8c40660d3c1192 is healthy: got healthy result from https://10.2.8.65:2379
cluster is healthy
4.5 生成kubernets證書與私鑰
1)製作kubernetes ca證書
cd /k8s/kubernetes/ssl
cat << EOF | tee ca-config.json
{
"signing": {
"default": {
"expiry": "87600h"
},
"profiles": {
"kubernetes": {
"expiry": "87600h",
"usages": [
"signing",
"key encipherment",
"server auth",
"client auth"
]
}
}
}
}
EOF
cat << EOF | tee ca-csr.json
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
2018/12/27 09:47:08 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2018/12/27 09:47:08 [INFO] generate received request
2018/12/27 09:47:08 [INFO] received CSR
2018/12/27 09:47:08 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2018/12/27 09:47:08 [INFO] encoded CSR
2018/12/27 09:47:08 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 156611735285008649323551446985295933852737436614
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# ls
ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem
2)製作apiserver證書
cat << EOF | tee server-csr.json
{
"CN": "kubernetes",
"hosts": [
"10.0.0.1",
"127.0.0.1",
"10.2.8.44",
"10.2.8.65",
"10.2.8.34",
"kubernetes",
"kubernetes.default",
"kubernetes.default.svc",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
"kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2018/12/27 09:51:56 [INFO] generate received request
2018/12/27 09:51:56 [INFO] received CSR
2018/12/27 09:51:56 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2018/12/27 09:51:56 [INFO] encoded CSR
2018/12/27 09:51:56 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 399376216731194654868387199081648887334508501005
2018/12/27 09:51:56 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# ls
ca-config.json ca.csr ca-csr.json ca-key.pem ca.pem server.csr server-csr.json server-key.pem server.pem
3)製作kube-proxy證書
cat << EOF | tee kube-proxy-csr.json
{
"CN": "system:kube-proxy",
"hosts": [],
"key": {
"algo": "rsa",
"size": 2048
},
"names": [
{
"C": "CN",
"L": "Beijing",
"ST": "Beijing",
"O": "k8s",
"OU": "System"
}
]
}
EOF
cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy
2018/12/27 09:52:40 [INFO] generate received request
2018/12/27 09:52:40 [INFO] received CSR
2018/12/27 09:52:40 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2018/12/27 09:52:40 [INFO] encoded CSR
2018/12/27 09:52:40 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 633932731787505365511506755558794469389165123417
2018/12/27 09:52:40 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# ls
ca-config.json ca-csr.json ca.pem kube-proxy-csr.json kube-proxy.pem server-csr.json server.pem
ca.csr ca-key.pem kube-proxy.csr kube-proxy-key.pem server.csr server-key.pem
4.6部署kubernetes server
kubernetes master 節點運行如下組件:
kube-apiserver
kube-scheduler
kube-controller-manager
kube-scheduler 和 kube-controller-manager 可以以集羣模式運行,通過 leader 選舉產生一個工作進程,其它進程處於阻塞模式,master三節點高可用模式下可用
1)解壓縮文件
tar -zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/server/bin/
cp kube-scheduler kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kubectl /k8s/kubernetes/bin/
2)部署kube-apiserver組件
創建TLS Bootstrapping Token
[root@elasticsearch01 bin]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
f2c50331f07be89278acdaf341ff1ecc
vim /k8s/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
f2c50331f07be89278acdaf341ff1ecc,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
創建Apiserver配置文件
vim /k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--etcd-servers=https://10.2.8.44:2379,https://10.2.8.65:2379,https://10.2.8.34:2379 \
--bind-address=10.2.8.44 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=10.2.8.44 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16 \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
--token-auth-file=/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
--tls-cert-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem \
--tls-private-key-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--etcd-cafile=/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"
創建apiserver systemd文件
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver
ExecStart=/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
啓動服務
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-apiserver
systemctl start kube-apiserver
[root@elasticsearch01 bin]# systemctl status kube-apiserver
● kube-apiserver.service - Kubernetes API Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2018-12-27 14:41:22 CST; 20s ago
Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
Main PID: 22060 (kube-apiserver)
CGroup: /system.slice/kube-apiserver.service
└─22060 /k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver --logtostderr=true --v=4 --etcd-servers=https://10.2.8.44:2379,https://10.2....
[root@elasticsearch01 bin]# ps -ef |grep kube-apiserver
root 22060 1 5 14:41 ? 00:00:14 /k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver --logtostderr=true --v=4 --etcd-servers=https://10.2.8.44:2379,https://10.2.8.65:2379,https://10.2.8.34:2379 --bind-address=10.2.8.44 --secure-port=6443 --advertise-address=10.2.8.44 --allow-privileged=true --service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16 --enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction --authorization-mode=RBAC,Node --enable-bootstrap-token-auth --token-auth-file=/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv --service-node-port-range=30000-50000 --tls-cert-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem --tls-private-key-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem --client-ca-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --service-account-key-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem --etcd-cafile=/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --etcd-certfile=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem --etcd-keyfile=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
[root@elasticsearch01 bin]# netstat -tulpn |grep kube-apiserve
tcp 0 0 10.2.8.44:6443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22060/kube-apiserve
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22060/kube-apiserve
3)部署kube-scheduler組件
創建kube-scheduler配置文件
vim /k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect"
參數備註:
--address:在 127.0.0.1:10251 端口接收 http /metrics 請求;kube-scheduler 目前還不支持接收 https 請求;
--kubeconfig:指定 kubeconfig 文件路徑,kube-scheduler 使用它連接和驗證 kube-apiserver;
--leader-elect=true:集羣運行模式,啓用選舉功能;被選爲 leader 的節點負責處理工作,其它節點爲阻塞狀態;
創建kube-scheduler systemd文件
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-scheduler
ExecStart=/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
啓動服務
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service
systemctl start kube-scheduler.service
[root@elasticsearch01 bin]# systemctl status kube-scheduler.service
● kube-scheduler.service - Kubernetes Scheduler
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2018-12-27 15:16:51 CST; 17s ago
Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
Main PID: 29026 (kube-scheduler)
CGroup: /system.slice/kube-scheduler.service
└─29026 /k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler --logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect
4)部署kube-controller-manager組件
創建kube-controller-manager配置文件
vim /k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--master=127.0.0.1:8080 \
--leader-elect=true \
--address=127.0.0.1 \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16 \
--cluster-name=kubernetes \
--cluster-signing-cert-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--cluster-signing-key-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--root-ca-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-private-key-file=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem"
創建kube-controller-manager systemd文件
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-controller-manager
ExecStart=/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
啓動服務
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
systemctl start kube-controller-manager
[root@elasticsearch01 bin]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager
● kube-controller-manager.service - Kubernetes Controller Manager
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2018-12-27 15:19:19 CST; 11s ago
Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes
Main PID: 29510 (kube-controller)
CGroup: /system.slice/kube-controller-manager.service
└─29510 /k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager --logtostderr=true --v=4 --master=127.0.0.1:8080 --leader-elect=tru..
4.7 驗證kubeserver服務
設置環境變量
vim /etc/profile
PATH=/k8s/kubernetes/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
查看master服務狀態
kubectl get cs,nodes
[root@elasticsearch01 bin]# kubectl get cs,nodes
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
componentstatus/controller-manager Healthy ok
componentstatus/scheduler Healthy ok
componentstatus/etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true"}
componentstatus/etcd-1 Healthy {"health":"true"}
componentstatus/etcd-2 Healthy {"health":"true"}
五、Node部署
kubernetes work 節點運行如下組件:
docker
kubelet
kube-proxy
flannel
5.1 Docker環境安裝
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
yum install docker-ce -y
systemctl start docker && systemctl enable docker
5.2 部署kubelet組件
kublet 運行在每個 worker 節點上,接收 kube-apiserver 發送的請求,管理 Pod 容器,執行交互式命令,如exec、run、logs 等;
kublet 啓動時自動向 kube-apiserver 註冊節點信息,內置的 cadvisor 統計和監控節點的資源使用情況;
爲確保安全,只開啓接收 https 請求的安全端口,對請求進行認證和授權,拒絕未授權的訪問(如apiserver、heapster)
1)安裝二進制文件
wget https://dl.k8s.io/v1.13.1/kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar zxvf kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd kubernetes/node/bin/
cp kube-proxy kubelet kubectl /k8s/kubernetes/bin/
2)複製相關證書到node節點
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# scp *.pem 10.2.8.65:$PWD
[email protected]'s password:
ca-key.pem 100% 1679 914.6KB/s 00:00
ca.pem 100% 1359 1.0MB/s 00:00
kube-proxy-key.pem 100% 1675 1.2MB/s 00:00
kube-proxy.pem 100% 1403 1.1MB/s 00:00
server-key.pem 100% 1679 809.1KB/s 00:00
server.pem
3)創建kubelet bootstrap kubeconfig文件
通過腳本實現
vim /k8s/kubernetes/cfg/environment.sh
#!/bin/bash
#創建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=f2c50331f07be89278acdaf341ff1ecc
KUBE_APISERVER="https://10.2.8.44:6443"
#設置集羣參數
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
#設置客戶端認證參數
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
--token=${BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN} \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 設置上下文參數
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap \
--kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
# 設置默認上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
#----------------------
# 創建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
--certificate-authority=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--server=${KUBE_APISERVER} \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
--client-certificate=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy.pem \
--client-key=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem \
--embed-certs=true \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config set-context default \
--cluster=kubernetes \
--user=kube-proxy \
--kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
執行腳本
[root@elasticsearch02 cfg]# sh environment.sh
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kubelet-bootstrap" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kube-proxy" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
[root@elasticsearch02 cfg]# ls
bootstrap.kubeconfig environment.sh kube-proxy.kubeconfig
4)創建kubelet參數配置模板文件
vim /k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config
kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 10.2.8.65
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: systemd
clusterDNS: ["10.254.0.10"]
clusterDomain: cluster.local.
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
anonymous:
enabled: true
5)創建kubelet配置文件
vim /k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=10.2.8.65 \
--kubeconfig=/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
--config=/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config \
--cert-dir=/k8s/kubernetes/ssl \
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"
6)創建kubelet systemd文件
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet
ExecStart=/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
KillMode=process
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
7)將kubelet-bootstrap用戶綁定到系統集羣角色
kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
--clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
--user=kubelet-bootstrap
注意這個默認連接localhost:8080端口,可以在master上操作
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap \
> --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper \
> --user=kubelet-bootstrap
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created
8)啓動服務
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kubelet
systemctl start kubelet
[root@elasticsearch02 cfg]# systemctl status kubelet
● kubelet.service - Kubernetes Kubelet
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2018-12-27 17:34:30 CST; 18s ago
Main PID: 24676 (kubelet)
Memory: 88.6M
CGroup: /system.slice/kubelet.service
└─24676 /k8s/kubernetes/bin/kubelet --logtostderr=true --v=4 --hostname-override=10.2.8.44 --kubeconfig=/k8s/kubernetes...
9)Master接受kubelet CSR請求
可以手動或自動 approve CSR 請求。推薦使用自動的方式,因爲從 v1.8 版本開始,可以自動輪轉approve csr 後生成的證書,如下是手動 approve CSR請求操作方法
查看CSR列表
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-ij3py9j-yi-eoa8sOHMDs7VeTQtMv0N3Efj3ByZLMdc 102s kubelet-bootstrap Pending
接受node
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-ij3py9j-yi-eoa8sOHMDs7VeTQtMv0N3Efj3ByZLMdc
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-ij3py9j-yi-eoa8sOHMDs7VeTQtMv0N3Efj3ByZLMdc approved
再查看CSR
[root@elasticsearch01 ssl]# kubectl get csr
NAME AGE REQUESTOR CONDITION
node-csr-ij3py9j-yi-eoa8sOHMDs7VeTQtMv0N3Efj3ByZLMdc 5m13s kubelet-bootstrap Approved,Issued
5.3部署kube-proxy組件
kube-proxy 運行在所有 node節點上,它監聽 apiserver 中 service 和 Endpoint 的變化情況,創建路由規則來進行服務負載均衡
1)創建 kube-proxy 配置文件
vim /k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=10.2.8.65 \
--cluster-cidr=10.254.0.0/16 \
--kubeconfig=/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"
2)創建kube-proxy systemd文件
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Proxy
After=network.target
[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE_PROXY_OPTS
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
3)啓動服務
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable kube-proxy
systemctl start kube-proxy
[root@elasticsearch02 cfg]# systemctl status kube-proxy
● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Proxy
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2018-12-27 18:31:42 CST; 11s ago
Main PID: 5376 (kube-proxy)
Memory: 40.9M
CGroup: /system.slice/kube-proxy.service
‣ 5376 /k8s/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy --logtostderr=true --v=4 --hostname-override=10.2.8.44 --cluster-cidr=10.254.0.0/...
4)查看集羣狀態
[root@elasticsearch01 cfg]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
10.2.8.65 Ready <none> 9m15s v1.13.1
5)同樣操作部署node 10.2.8.34並認證csr,認證後會生成kubelet-client證書
注意期間要是kubelet,kube-proxy配置錯誤,比如監聽IP或者hostname錯誤導致node not found,需要刪除kubelet-client證書,重啓kubelet服務,重啓認證csr即可
[root@elasticsearch03 kubernetes]# ls ssl
ca-key.pem kubelet-client-2018-12-27-20-13-52.pem kubelet.crt kube-proxy-key.pem server-key.pem
ca.pem kubelet-client-current.pem kubelet.key kube-proxy.pem server.pem
[root@elasticsearch01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
10.2.8.34 Ready <none> 13h v1.13.1
10.2.8.65 Ready <none> 14h v1.13.1
六 Flanneld網絡部署
默認沒有flanneld網絡,Node節點間的pod不能通信,只能Node內通信,爲了部署步驟簡潔明瞭,故flanneld放在後面安裝
flannel服務需要先於docker啓動。flannel服務啓動時主要做了以下幾步的工作:
從etcd中獲取network的配置信息
劃分subnet,並在etcd中進行註冊
將子網信息記錄到/run/flannel/subnet.env中
6.1 etcd註冊網段
[root@elasticsearch02 cfg]# /k8s/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --endpoints="https://10.2.8.44:2379,https://10.2.8.65:2379,https://10.2.8.34:2379" set /k8s/network/config '{ "Network": "10.254.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}'
{ "Network": "10.254.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}
flanneld 當前版本 (v0.10.0) 不支持 etcd v3,故使用 etcd v2 API 寫入配置 key 和網段數據;
寫入的 Pod 網段 ${CLUSTER_CIDR} 必須是 /16 段地址,必須與 kube-controller-manager 的 --cluster-cidr 參數值一致;
6.2 flannel安裝
1)解壓安裝
tar -xvf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh /k8s/kubernetes/bin/
2)配置flanneld
vim /k8s/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
FLANNEL_OPTIONS="--etcd-endpoints=https://10.2.8.44:2379,https://10.2.8.65:2379,https://10.2.8.34:2379 -etcd-cafile=/k8s/etcd/ssl/ca.pem -etcd-certfile=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server.pem -etcd-keyfile=/k8s/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem -etcd-prefix=/k8s/network"
創建flanneld systemd文件
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network-online.target network.target
Before=docker.service
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/k8s/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
ExecStart=/k8s/kubernetes/bin/flanneld --ip-masq $FLANNEL_OPTIONS
ExecStartPost=/k8s/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
注意
mk-docker-opts.sh 腳本將分配給 flanneld 的 Pod 子網網段信息寫入 /run/flannel/docker 文件,後續 docker 啓動時 使用這個文件中的環境變量配置 docker0 網橋;
flanneld 使用系統缺省路由所在的接口與其它節點通信,對於有多個網絡接口(如內網和公網)的節點,可以用 -iface 參數指定通信接口;
flanneld 運行時需要 root 權限;
3)配置Docker啓動指定子網
修改EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env,ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS即可
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
Delegate=yes
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
4)啓動服務
注意啓動flannel前要關閉docker及相關的kubelet這樣flannel纔會覆蓋docker0網橋
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl stop docker
systemctl start flanneld
systemctl enable flanneld
systemctl start docker
systemctl restart kubelet
systemctl restart kube-proxy
5)驗證服務
[root@elasticsearch02 bin]# cat /run/flannel/subnet.env
DOCKER_OPT_BIP="--bip=10.254.35.1/24"
DOCKER_OPT_IPMASQ="--ip-masq=false"
DOCKER_OPT_MTU="--mtu=1450"
DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS=" --bip=10.254.35.1/24 --ip-masq=false --mtu=1450"
[root@elasticsearch02 bin]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 52:54:00:a4:ca:ff brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.2.8.65/24 brd 10.2.8.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN
link/ether 02:42:06:0a:ab:32 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.254.35.1/24 brd 10.254.35.255 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: flannel.1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1450 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/ether 72:59:dc:2b:0a:21 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 10.254.35.0/32 scope global flannel.1
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@elasticsearch01 k8s]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
10.2.8.34 Ready <none> 16h v1.13.1
10.2.8.65 Ready <none> 18h v1.13.1