Spring Boot集成netty實現客戶端服務端交互示例詳解

這篇文章主要給大家介紹了關於Spring Boot集成netty實現客戶端服務端交互的相關資料，文中通過示例代碼介紹的非常詳細，對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值，需要的朋友們下面隨着小編來一起學習學習吧

前言

Netty 是一個高性能的 NIO 網絡框架，本文主要給大家介紹了關於SpringBoot集成netty實現客戶端服務端交互的相關內容，下面來一起看看詳細的介紹吧

看了好幾天的netty實戰,慢慢摸索,雖然還沒有摸着很多門道,但今天還是把之前想加入到項目裏的

一些想法實現了,算是有點信心了吧(講真netty對初學者還真的不是很友好......)

首先,當然是在SpringBoot項目裏添加netty的依賴了,注意不要用netty5的依賴,因爲已經廢棄了

<!--netty-->
<dependency>
 <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
 <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
 <version>4.1.32.Final</version>
</dependency>

將端口和IP寫入application.yml文件裏,我這裏是我雲服務器的內網IP,如果是本機測試,用127.0.0.1就ok

netty:
 port: 7000
 url: 172.16.0.7

在這之後,開始寫netty的服務器,這裏服務端的邏輯就是將客戶端發來的信息返回回去

因爲採用依賴注入的方法實例化netty,所以加上@Component註釋

package com.safelocate.app.nettyServer;

import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

@Component
public class NettyServer {
 //logger
 private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(NettyServer.class);
 public void start(InetSocketAddress address){
 EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);
 EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
 try {
  ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap()
   .group(bossGroup,workerGroup)
   .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
   .localAddress(address)
   .childHandler(new ServerChannelInitializer())
   .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
   .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true);
  // 綁定端口，開始接收進來的連接
  ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(address).sync();
  logger.info("Server start listen at " + address.getPort());
  future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
 } catch (Exception e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
  bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
  workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
 }
 }

}

當然,這裏的ServerChannelInitializer是我自己定義的類,這個類是繼承ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>的,裏面設置出站和入站的編碼器和解碼器

package com.safelocate.app.nettyServer;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;
public class ServerChannelInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
 @Override
 protected void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) throws Exception {
 channel.pipeline().addLast("decoder",new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
 channel.pipeline().addLast("encoder",new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
 channel.pipeline().addLast(new ServerHandler());
 }
}

最好注意被別decoder和encoder寫成了一樣的,不然會出問題(我之前就是不小心都寫成了StringDecoder...)

在這之後就是設置ServerHandler來處理一些簡單的邏輯了

package com.safelocate.app.nettyServer;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
 @Override
 public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
 System.out.println("channelActive----->");
 }


 @Override
 public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
 System.out.println("server channelRead......");
 System.out.println(ctx.channel().remoteAddress()+"----->Server :"+ msg.toString());
 //將客戶端的信息直接返回寫入ctx
 ctx.write("server say :"+msg);
 //刷新緩存區
 ctx.flush();
 }

 @Override
 public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
 cause.printStackTrace();
 ctx.close();
 }
}

準備工作到這裏,現在要做到就是去啓動這個程序

將AppApplication實現CommandLineRunner這個接口,這個接口可以用來再啓動SpringBoot時同時啓動其他功能,比如配置,數據庫連接等等

然後重寫run方法,在run方法裏啓動netty服務器,Server類用@AutoWired直接實例化

package com.safelocate.app;

import com.safelocate.app.nettyServer.NettyServer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
@SpringBootApplication
public class AppApplication implements CommandLineRunner {

 @Value("${netty.port}")
 private int port;

 @Value("${netty.url}")
 private String url;

 @Autowired
 private NettyServer server;

 public static void main(String[] args) {
 SpringApplication.run(AppApplication.class, args);
 }
 @Override
 public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
 InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(url,port);
 System.out.println("run .... . ... "+url);
 server.start(address);
 }
}

ok,到這裏服務端已經寫完,本地我也已經測試完,現在需要打包部署服務器,當然這個程序只爲練手...

控制檯輸入mvn clean package -D skipTests 然後將jar包上傳服務器,在這之後,需要在騰訊雲/阿里雲那邊配置好安全組,將之前yml文件裏設定的端口的入站

規則設置好,不然訪問會被拒絕

之後java -jar命令運行,如果需保持後臺一直運行就用nohup命令,可以看到程序已經跑起來了,等待客戶端連接交互

之後就是寫客戶端了,客戶端其實是依葫蘆畫瓢,跟上面類似

Handler

package client;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;

public class ClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
 @Override
 public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
 System.out.println("ClientHandler Active");
 }

 @Override
 public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {
 System.out.println("--------");
 System.out.println("ClientHandler read Message:"+msg);
 }


 @Override
 public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {
 cause.printStackTrace();
 ctx.close();
 }

}

ChannelInitializer

package client;

import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;
import io.netty.util.CharsetUtil;

public class ClientChannelInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
 protected void initChannel(SocketChannel channel) throws Exception {
 ChannelPipeline p = channel.pipeline();
 p.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
 p.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
 p.addLast(new ClientHandler());
 }
}

主函數所在類,即客戶端

package client;

import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.*;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringDecoder;
import io.netty.handler.codec.string.StringEncoder;

public class Client {
 static final String HOST = System.getProperty("host", "服務器的IP地址");
 static final int PORT = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("port", "7000"));
 static final int SIZE = Integer.parseInt(System.getProperty("size", "256"));

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 sendMessage("hhhh");
 }
 public static void sendMessage(String content) throws InterruptedException{
 // Configure the client.
 EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
 try {
  Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
  b.group(group)
   .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
   .option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true)
   .handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>() {
   @Override
   public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
    ChannelPipeline p = ch.pipeline();
    p.addLast("decoder", new StringDecoder());
    p.addLast("encoder", new StringEncoder());
    p.addLast(new ClientHandler());
   }
   });

  ChannelFuture future = b.connect(HOST, PORT).sync();
  future.channel().writeAndFlush(content);
  future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
 } finally {
  group.shutdownGracefully();
 }
 }

}

啓動客戶端,這裏就是簡單發送一條"hhhh",可以看到客戶端已經收到服務器發來的信息

然後再看服務端,也有相應的信息打印

總結

以上就是這篇文章的全部內容了，希望本文的內容對大家的學習或者工作具有一定的參考學習價值，如果有疑問大家可以留言交流，謝謝大家對神馬文庫的支持。

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