使用smtplib模塊發送郵件，它對smtp協議進行了簡單的封裝。
smtp協議的基本命令包括：
HELO 向服務器標識用戶身份
MAIL 初始化郵件傳輸 mail from:
RCPT 標識單個的郵件接收人；常在MAIL命令後面,可有多個rcpt to:
DATA 在單個或多個RCPT命令後,表示所有的郵件接收人已標識,並初始化數據傳輸,以.結束
VRFY 用於驗證指定的用戶/郵箱是否存在；由於安全方面的原因,服務器常禁止此命令
EXPN 驗證給定的郵箱列表是否存在,擴充郵箱列表,也常被禁用
HELP 查詢服務器支持什麼命令
NOOP 無操作,服務器應響應OK
QUIT 結束會話
RSET 重置會話,當前傳輸被取消
MAIL FROM 指定發送者地址
RCPT TO 指明的接收者地址
一般smtp會話有兩種方式，一種是郵件直接投遞，就是說，比如你要發郵件給[email protected]，那就直接連接163.com的郵件服務器，把信投給[email protected]; 另一種是驗證過後的發信，它的過程是，比如你要發郵件給[email protected]，你不是直接投到163.com，而是通過自己在sina.com的另一個郵箱來發。這樣就要先連接sina.com的smtp服務器，然後認證，之後在把要發到163.com的信件投到sina.com上，sina.com會幫你把信投遞到163.com。
文件形式的郵件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8')#中文需參數‘utf-8’，單字節字符不需要
msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
html形式的郵件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msg = MIMEText('<html><h1>你好</h1></html>','html','utf-8')
msg['Subject'] = subject
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
帶圖片的html形式郵件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')
msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message'
msgText = MIMEText('<b>Some <i>HTML</i> text</b> and an image.<br><img src="cid:image1"><br>good!','html','utf-8')
msgRoot.attach(msgText)
fp = open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb')
msgImage = MIMEImage(fp.read())
fp.close()
msgImage.add_header('Content-ID', '<image1>')
msgRoot.attach(msgImage)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())
smtp.quit()
帶附件的郵件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
sender = '***'
receiver = '***'
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msgRoot = MIMEMultipart('related')
msgRoot['Subject'] = 'test message'
#構造郵件中的附件
att = MIMEText(open('h:\\python\\1.jpg', 'rb').read(), 'base64', 'utf-8')
att["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream'
att["Content-Disposition"] = 'attachment; filename="1.jpg"'
msgRoot.attach(att)
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msgRoot.as_string())
smtp.quit()
羣郵件
#!/usr/bin/env python3
#coding: utf-8
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
sender = '***'
receiver = ['***','****',……]
subject = 'python email test'
smtpserver = 'smtp.163.com'
username = '***'
password = '***'
msg = MIMEText('你好','text','utf-8')
msg['Subject'] = subject
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect('smtp.163.com')
smtp.login(username, password)
smtp.sendmail(sender, receiver, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
也可使用yagmail模塊來快速實現
實現代碼如下：
import yagmail
yag = yagmail.SMTP(user='[email protected]',password='XXX'
yag.send(to = '[email protected]',subject ='test',contents = 'This is a test e-mail from Windows CMD tools with the yagmai')