最近有有個小需求需要將shell 腳本的功能挪到windows中,但發現shell中有數組概念,但windows中卻沒有,同時shell中有很多方式處理字符串分割,但bat中就顯得比較雞肋,經過一番查找,終於有了方案(Stack Overflow:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1707058/how-to-split-a-string-in-a-windows-batch-file):
方案: 通過for循環處理,而處理的方式又可以分兩種,一種是普通for,一種是for的文件處理方式:
方案一:
@echo off & setlocal rem 注意這裏的s定義,其值不是使用雙引號引起來的 rem also works for comma-separated lists, e.g. ABC,DEF,GHI,JKL set s=AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF for %%a in (%s%) do echo %%a
方案二:is the best for (most) arbitrary delimiter characters.
@echo off & setlocal set s=AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF set t=%s% :loop for /f "tokens=1*" %%a in ("%t%") do ( echo %%a rem 將截取剩下的部分賦給t,其實這裏可以使用延遲變量開關 set t=%%b ) if defined t goto :loop
有個老兄給了個更完整的(用到了延遲變量):
@echo off setlocal ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION REM Set a string with an arbitrary number of substrings separated by semi colons set teststring=The;rain;in;spain REM Do something with each substring :stringLOOP REM Stop when the string is empty if "!teststring!" EQU "" goto END for /f "delims=;" %%a in ("!teststring!") do set substring=%%a REM Do something with the substring - REM we just echo it for the purposes of demo echo !substring! REM Now strip off the leading substring :striploop set stripchar=!teststring:~0,1! set teststring=!teststring:~1! if "!teststring!" EQU "" goto stringloop if "!stripchar!" NEQ ";" goto striploop goto stringloop ) :END endlocal
還有這樣的:
set input=AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF set nth=4 for /F "tokens=%nth% delims= " %%a in ("%input%") do set nthstring=%%a echo %nthstring%
其實Powershell裏可能有更多的內置函數可以使用:
PS C:\> "AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF".Split()
還有人提出用vbscrip代替bat:
Set objFS = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") Set objArgs = WScript.Arguments str1 = objArgs(0) s=Split(str1," ") For i=LBound(s) To UBound(s) WScript.Echo s(i) WScript.Echo s(9) ' get the 10th element Next usage: c:\test> cscript /nologo test.vbs "AAA BBB CCC"
最後來一個bat中的小難點: 變量延遲(自上而下,逐條(簡單語句、複合語句(for、if 語句塊只算一條))執行,而非逐行執行)
http://blog.csdn.net/icebergsnowfox/article/details/8047613
http://ss64.com/ - 哎吆,不錯哦