1.首先安裝apache,編譯完成後,通過IP:端口就行訪問,如果返回“it workers”證明Apache啓動成功(注意apache的工程路徑要正確)
2.下載JK,下載地址爲http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/binaries/win32/jk-1.2.31/,果http服務器是Apache2.0.X版本,則必須選擇mod_jk-1.2.31-httpd-2.0.52.so,頁面下方有英文的說明,大家可以看下,我這裏宣傳的mod_jk-1.2.23-apache-2.2.x-linux-x86_64.so,跟自己操作系統版本吻合,然後重命名爲mod_jk.so,並且賦值777權限
3.將mod_jk.so拷貝到apache/modules
4.在httpd.conf裏增加如下內容
include "/usr/local/apache/conf/mod_jk.conf"
5.在conf路徑下新建mod_jk.conf文件,並添加如下內容
#加載mod_jk Module
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
#指定 workers.properties文件路徑
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
#指定哪些請求交給tomcat處理,"loadbalancer"爲在workers.propertise裏指定的負載分配控制器名
JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log
#JkLogLevel debug
JkMount /*.do loadbalancer
JkMount /*.jsp loadbalancer
6.在conf下新建workers.properties文件,並添加如下內容
worker.list=loadbalancer
#此處與mod_jk.conf中保持一致
worker.worker2.port=8009
#tomcat2中 ajp13 端口號,對應tomcat配置文件server.xml中Connector port="8009",默認8009
worker.worker2.host=127.0.0.1
#worker2的地址,本機loaclhost或者127.0.0.1,遠程直接寫IP
worker.worker2.type=ajp13
#與worker2中的server.xml的protocol保持一致
worker.worker2.lbfactor=1
#負載的權重值,越高表示負載越大
worker.worker3.port=9009
worker.worker3.host=127.0.0.1
worker.worker3.type=ajp13
worker.worker3.lbfactor=1
worker.loadbalancer.type=lb
worker.loadbalancer.balance_workers=worker2,worker3
#指定負載的worker列表,用逗號分隔
worker.loadbalancer..sticky_session=false
#配置session會話是否爲粘性
#這樣負載均衡器lb就會盡量保持一個session,也就是使用戶在一次會話中跟同一個Tomcat進行交互
worker.loadbalancer..sticky_session_force=false
worker.loadbalancer.sticky_session=1
#是否啓用session共享
7.下載tomcat並解壓,複製2份tomcat,保持成爲worker2,worker3
修改2個tomcat的server.xml,保證2個tomcat的端口號不一致,具體配置如下,需要修改黑體加粗標示
worker2如下:
<?xmlversion='1.0'encoding='utf-8'?>
<Serverport="8005"shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<ListenerclassName="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"SSLEngine="on"/>
<ListenerclassName="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/>
<ListenerclassName="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener"/>
<ListenerclassName="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/>
<GlobalNamingResources>
<Resourcename="UserDatabase"auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml"/>
</GlobalNamingResources>
<Servicename="Catalina">
<Connectorport="8080"protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443"/>
<Connectorport="8009"protocol="AJP/1.3"redirectPort="8443"/>
<!--<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">-->
<Enginename="Catalina"defaultHost="localhost"jvmRoute="worker2">
<RealmclassName="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
<Hostname="localhost"appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true"autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false"xmlNamespaceAware="false">
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
worker3如下:
<?xmlversion='1.0'encoding='utf-8'?>
<Serverport="8006"shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
<ListenerclassName="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener"SSLEngine="on"/>
<ListenerclassName="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener"/>
<ListenerclassName="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.ServerLifecycleListener"/>
<ListenerclassName="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener"/>
<GlobalNamingResources>
<Resourcename="UserDatabase"auth="Container"
type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
description="User database that can be updated and saved"
factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml"/>
</GlobalNamingResources>
<Servicename="Catalina">
<Connectorport="8081"protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443"/>
<Connectorport="9009"protocol="AJP/1.3"redirectPort="8443"/>
<!--<Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">-->
<Enginename="Catalina"defaultHost="localhost"jvmRoute="worker3">
<RealmclassName="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
<Hostname="localhost"appBase="webapps"
unpackWARs="true"autoDeploy="true"
xmlValidation="false"xmlNamespaceAware="false">
</Host>
</Engine>
</Service>
</Server>
8.分別在2個tomcat下建立項目test1,並新增andashu.jsp,內容如下:
<%
System.out.println("===========");
%>
9.分別訪問2個tomcat,http://IP:8081/test1/andashu.jsp 以及http://10.14.133.204:8080/test1/andashu.jsp,如果2個tomcat的日誌catalina.out裏 都打印出===========,證明2個tomcat訪問都ok
10.分別啓動apache worker2,worker3,用不同的瀏覽器或者不同的機器分別訪問http://IP/test1/andashu.jsp,如果如果2個tomcat的日誌catalina.out裏 都打印出===========,證明負載均衡搭建成功(這裏要用不同瀏覽器或者不同機器訪問)
11.試節點故障,隨便停掉其中的一臺tomcat,繼續訪問http://IP/test1/andashu.jsp,能正常訪問
其他2種方式也可以實現負載均衡
2、ajp_proxy
去掉httpd.conf文件中下面內容的註釋(刪掉#號),開啓下邊的配置
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
除了mod_proxy.so,mod_proxy_balancer.so,mod_proxy_connect.so
如果是採用ajp_proxy,需要加載mod_proxy_ajp.so這個模塊;
如果是採用http_proxy,需要加載mod_proxy_http.so這個模塊;
httpd.conf,刪除剛纔jk方式的配置內容,增加下邊的配置
<proxy balancer://loadbalancer>
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:9009 loadfactor=1 route=worker3
BalancerMember ajp://127.0.0.1:8009loadfactor=1 route=worker2
</proxy>
ServerAdmin [email protected]
ServerName localhost
ServerAlias localhost
ProxyPass / balancer://loadbalancer/ stickysession=jsessionid nofailover=On
ProxyPa***everse / balancer://loadbalancer/
ErrorLog "logs/loadbalancer-error.log"
CustomLog "logs/loadbalancer-access.log" common
</VirtualHost>
3、http_proxy
http_proxy的配置與ajp_proxy類似,修改方法2的httpd.conf配置如下,其它不變
<proxy balancer://loadbalancer>
BalancerMember http://127.0.0.1:9009 loadfactor=1 route=worker3
BalancerMember http://127.0.0.1:8009 loadfactor=1 route=worker2
</proxy>