目的:nginx處理用戶請求的靜態頁面,tomcat處理用戶請求jsp頁面,來實現動態分離,nginx處理靜態頁面效率遠高於tomcat,這樣一來就能更好的提高併發,處理性能。
準備軟件:
下載jdk1.7:http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk7-downloads-1880260.html
下載tomcat8.0:http://tomcat.apache.org/download-80.cgi
下載nginx1.4.4:http://nginx.org/en/download.html
1、JDK配置
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | [root@localhost ~] # tar xvfjdk-7u45-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@localhost ~] # mv jdk1.7.0_45/ /usr/local/jdk [root@localhost ~] # vi /etc/profile JAVA_HOME= /usr/local/jdk PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME /bin CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME /lib :$JAVA_HOME /jre/lib export JAVA_HOME PATHCLASSPATH [root@localhost ~] # source /etc/profile [root@localhost ~] # java -version #顯示版本說明成功 java version "1.7.0_45" |
2、Tomcat配置
1 2 | [root@localhost ~] # tar zxvfapache-tomcat-8.0.0-RC5.tar.gz [root@localhost ~] # mv apache-tomcat-8.0.0-RC5/usr/local/tomcat |
#默認tomcat是root身份運行的,這樣不安全,我們設置來用普通用戶
1 2 3 4 5 6 | [root@localhost ~] # groupadd tomcat [root@localhost ~] # useradd -g tomcat tomcat [root@localhost ~] # passwd tomcat [root@localhost ~] # chown tomcat.tomcat -R /usr/local/tomcat [root@localhost ~] # su - tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh [root@localhost ~] # echo "su - tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh" >> /etc/rc.local #開機啓動 |
3、Nginx安裝配置
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | [root@localhost ~] # groupaddnginx [root@localhost ~] # useradd -gnginx -s /sbin/nologin nginx [root@localhost ~] # yuminstall –y make zlib-devel openssl-devel pcre-devel [root@localhost ~] # tar zxvfnginx-1.4.4.tar.gz [root@localhost ~] # cdnginx-1.4.4 [root@localhost nginx-1.4.4] # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module--with-http_stub_status_module [root@localhost nginx-1.4.4] # make && make install |
#主配置文件配置
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 | [root@localhost ~] # vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log logs /error .log; pid logs /nginx .pid; events {
worker_connections 1024; } http {
include mime.types;
default_type application /octet-stream ;
#日誌格式定義
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user[$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent"$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"' ;
access_log logs /access .log main;
sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip壓縮功能設置
gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text /plain application /x-javascripttext/css application /xml ;
gzip_vary on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name www. test .com;
location / {
#jsp網站程序根目錄,一般nginx與tomcat在同一個目錄
root /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT ;
index index.html index.jsp index.html;
}
location ~ .*.jsp$ {
index index.jsp;
proxy_pass http: //127 .0.0.1:8080; #來自jsp請求交給tomcat處理
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP$remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For$proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_redirect off;
proxy_set_header Host $host; #後端的Web服務器可以通過X-Forwarded-For獲取用戶真實IP
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
client_max_body_size 10m; #允許客戶端請求的最大單文件字節數
client_body_buffer_size 128k; #緩衝區代理緩衝用戶端請求的最大字節數,
proxy_connect_timeout 90; #nginx跟後端服務器連接超時時間(代理連接超時)
proxy_read_timeout 90; #連接成功後,後端服務器響應時間(代理接收超時)
proxy_buffer_size 4k; #設置代理服務器(nginx)保存用戶頭信息的緩衝區大小
proxy_buffers 6 32k; #proxy_buffers緩衝區,網頁平均在32k以下的話,這樣設置
proxy_busy_buffers_size 64k; #高負荷下緩衝大小(proxy_buffers*2)
proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k; #設定緩存文件夾大小,大於這個值,將從upstream服務器傳
}
location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|png|bmp|swf)$ #由nginx處理靜態頁面
{
expires 30d; #使用expires緩存模塊,緩存到客戶端30天
}
location ~ .*\.( jsp|js|css)?$
{
expires 1d;
}
error_page 404 /404 .html; #錯誤頁面
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x .html;
location = /50x .html {
root html;
}
} } |
#編寫nginx啓動、停止、重啓等SysV管理腳本,方便使用
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | [root@localhost ~] # vi /etc/init.d/nginx #!/bin/bash # chkconfig: 345 99 20 # description: Nginx servicecontrol script PROG= "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" PIDF= "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" case "$1" in start) $PROG echo "Nginx servicestart success." ;; stop) kill -s QUIT $( cat $PIDF) echo "Nginx service stopsuccess." ;; restart) $0 stop $0 start ;; reload) kill -s HUP $( cat $PIDF) echo "reload Nginx configsuccess." ;; *) echo "Usage: $0{start|stop|restart|reload}" exit 1 esac |
1 2 3 4 | [root@localhost ~] # chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx [root@localhost ~] # service nginx restart [root@localhost ~] # chkconfig --add nginx [root@localhost ~] # chkconfig nginx on |
4、性能測試
下面我們使用的ab壓力測試工具,模擬發起一次1萬的併發請求,使用的index.html頁面是百度首頁代碼
Nginx測試
Tomcat測試
主要參數說明:
Requests per second:平均每秒處理事務數
Time per request:平均事務響應時間
Tranfer rate:平均每秒吞吐量
經上面測試得出:nginx每秒能請求6000次,而tomcat只請求6000次。
nginx每秒吞吐量是3.6M,tomcat每秒吞吐量0.6M
由此看來,nginx是tomcat6倍的處理能力,如果網站程序靜態頁面多的話,就應該考慮使用Nginx與Tomcat整合來使用。