############mysql主從複製##########
實驗環境:
Redhat6.5 ##主從服務器版本一致
IP:172.25.8.1 master ##主服務器或稱主庫
IP:172.25.8.2 slave ##從服務器或稱從庫(可以多個)
實驗內容:
1.修改master主服務器
[mysqld] ##在[mysqld]模塊內添加
log-bin=mysql-bin ##啓用二進制日誌
server-id=1 ##服務器唯一ID,一般使用IP最後一段,master此處爲1
2.修改從服務器slave
[mysqld] ##在[mysqld]模塊內添加
#log-bin=mysql-bin ##從庫一般不設置,若有A-->B-->C級聯同步,中間的B數據庫服務要開啓log-bin
server-id=2 ##服務器唯一ID,一般使用IP最後一段,slave此處爲2
3.重啓主從服務器的mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql restart
4.在主服務器建立賬戶及授權slave
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'rep'@'172.25.8.%' identified by 'hjy123456'
##設置複製用戶rep,“%”表示任意段,密碼hjy123456
mysql> show variables like 'server_id'; ##查看系統變量及其值
+---------------+-------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------+-------+
| server_id | 1 | ##server-id=1
+---------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+-------+------------+
| user | host |
+-------+------------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| rep | 172.25.8.% | ##rep用戶,172.25.8.%
| root | localhost |
| user1 | localhost |
+-------+------------+
mysql> show master status; ##顯示記錄在案的信息,主從複製時就要從這裏(259)開始
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 259 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
【執行完此步驟不要再操作master的mysql,防止Position變化】
5.在從服務器配置連接主服務器
mysql> change master to master_user='rep',master_host='172.25.8.1',master_port='3306',master_password='hjy123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=259;
##rep是主服務器上建立的用於複製的用戶,172.25.8.1是主服務器的IP,3306是主庫端口,password是rep用戶的密碼,mysql-bin.000001是剛查的二進制日誌文件名,259是剛查的二進制日誌偏移量,複製讀取位置
mysql> show slave status\G; ##查看複製狀態
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.25.8.1 ##主庫地址
Master_User: rep ##授權賬戶
Master_Port: 3306 ##主庫端口
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 259 ##二進制日誌偏移量
Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 251
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes ##IO線程負責從從庫到主庫讀取log-bin日誌,此狀態必須爲YES
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes ##SOL線程負責讀取中繼日誌(relay-log)的數據轉化爲SQL語句應用到從庫中,此狀態必須爲YES【可以使用監控軟件,監控IO和SQL線程,NO時發送警報】 Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 259
Relay_Log_Space: 407
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0 ##主從複製過,從庫比主庫延遲的秒數
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
6.測試主從複製
1)主庫建立rep_db數據庫,並插入數據
mysql> create database rep_db ; ##創建rep_db數據庫
mysql> use rep_db; ##進入rep_db庫
mysql> create table rep_tb(id varchar(10),name varchar(20)); ####創建rep_tb表
mysql> desc rep_tb ; ##查看rep_tb表結構
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
mysql> insert into rep_tb values(001,'Tom'); ##插入以一條數據
mysql> select * from rep_tb ; ##查看數據
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | Tom |
+------+------+
2)從庫查看
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| rep_db |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from rep_db.rep_tb;
+------+------+
| id | name |
+------+------+
| 1 | Tom |
+------+------+