Linux邏輯卷的創建與擴容

Logical volume 的創建

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• 磁盤初始化

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000a580e

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      411647      204800   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          411648   104857599    52222976   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 44.9 GB, 44883247104 bytes, 87662592 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes, 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   42G  1.6G   41G   4% /
devtmpfs                 3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G  8.5M  3.9G   1% /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                197M  103M   95M  53% /boot
tmpfs                    799M     0  799M   0% /run/user/0
[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# mkdir /data
[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x3bb4b474.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048): 
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): 
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x3bb4b474

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048   209715199   104856576   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# partprobe 
Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system).  /dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.

• 物理卷，卷組 創建

[root@xxxxcentos7-template ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1 
  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# vgdisplay
  --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               centos
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                2
  Open LV               2
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               49.80 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              12749
  Alloc PE / Size       12749 / 49.80 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               uYlfgy-kh0D-YE6a-A3Eq-n4RN-t3QF-C7HBLS

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sdb1
  Volume group "centos" successfully extended
[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# pvscan
  PV /dev/sda2   VG centos          lvm2 [49.80 GiB / 0    free]
  PV /dev/sdb1   VG centos          lvm2 [<100.00 GiB / <100.00 GiB free]
  Total: 2 [<149.80 GiB] / in use: 2 [<149.80 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0   ]

> *  邏輯卷創建

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                vFM0SF-6giK-lWPg-iCTY-usKM-ywpA-bp5zxd
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time xxxx-centos7-template, 2018-04-20 13:44:01 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                8.00 GiB
  Current LE             2048
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                mtRvdH-eFlc-3EiS-xQbW-lqfm-y6K5-bAiZrv
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time xxxx-centos7-template, 2018-04-20 13:44:01 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                41.80 GiB
  Current LE             10701
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# lvcreate -L 100G -n data centos
  Volume group "centos" has insufficient free space (25599 extents): 25600 required.
[root@skong-centos7-template ~]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                vFM0SF-6giK-lWPg-iCTY-usKM-ywpA-bp5zxd
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time xxxx-centos7-template, 2018-04-20 13:44:01 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                8.00 GiB
  Current LE             2048
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                mtRvdH-eFlc-3EiS-xQbW-lqfm-y6K5-bAiZrv
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time xxxx-centos7-template, 2018-04-20 13:44:01 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                41.80 GiB
  Current LE             10701
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# lvcreate -L 99G -n data centos
  Logical volume "data" created.
[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# lvdisplay
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                vFM0SF-6giK-lWPg-iCTY-usKM-ywpA-bp5zxd
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time xxxx-centos7-template, 2018-04-20 13:44:01 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                8.00 GiB
  Current LE             2048
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:1

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                mtRvdH-eFlc-3EiS-xQbW-lqfm-y6K5-bAiZrv
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time xxxx-centos7-template, 2018-04-20 13:44:01 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                41.80 GiB
  Current LE             10701
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:0

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/data
  LV Name                data
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                Jj7pYx-vlUm-2z9U-UcK0-Wx3m-182t-UeQH25
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time xxxx-centos7-template, 2019-03-13 20:50:49 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 0
  LV Size                99.00 GiB
  Current LE             25344
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     8192
  Block device           253:2

• 掛載lvm

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   42G  1.6G   41G   4% /
devtmpfs                 3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G  8.5M  3.9G   1% /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                197M  103M   95M  53% /boot
tmpfs                    799M     0  799M   0% /run/user/0

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# mkfs.ext4 -j /dev/centos/data 
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
6488064 inodes, 25952256 blocks
1297612 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=2174746624
792 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872

Allocating group tables: done                            
Writing inode tables: done                            
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# vim /etc/fstab 
[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# cat /etc/fstab 
/dev/mapper/centos-root /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=30d431c7-640e-4431-8850-4a686d553114 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
/dev/centos/data         /data                  ext4    defaults        0 0
[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# 

[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# mount -a
[root@xxxx-centos7-template ~]# df -h
Filesystem               Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root   42G  1.6G   41G   4% /
devtmpfs                 3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                    3.9G  8.5M  3.9G   1% /run
tmpfs                    3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1                197M  103M   95M  53% /boot
tmpfs                    799M     0  799M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/centos-data   98G   61M   93G   1% /data

Logical volume 擴容

• 如果單純的給已存在了邏輯卷擴容

 lvdisplay 
 lvextend  /dev/centos/data /dev/sda3
 xfs_growfs /dev/centos/data