學習linux有段時間了，一直沒有寫技術博客的習慣，但還是儘量讓自己多寫寫自己學到的一些關於linux方面的東西吧，最近在雙星葛老師的指導下開始學習mysql數據庫，自己整理筆記，並用shell腳本實現mysql源碼包（mysql-5.6.11.tar.gz）的 全自動安裝，代碼寫的一般，但是能滿足需求，如安裝有什麼問題可以互相交流一些，下面進入正題：
首先整理一下自己手動安裝時的一些步驟：
安裝和配置mysql的源碼包
軟件包版本：mysql-5.6.11.tar.gz
1.安裝源碼包所需要的前提軟件包
需要的軟件包：cmake make gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel mysql
yum install cmake make gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel mysql -y
2.解壓源碼包並進行編譯安裝
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf mysql-5.6.11.tar.gz [root@localhost ~]# cd mysql-5.6.11 [root@localhost mysql-5.6.11]# cmake \ -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr/local/mysql12 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR:PATH=/database \ -DWITH_DEBUG:BOOL=on \ -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=on \ -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=on [root@localhost mysql-5.6.11]# make ; make install
cmake make就會調用gcc、gcc-c++編譯器來編譯源代碼文件
make install 安裝到/usr/local/mysql12
3.創建並修改配置文件
進入到安裝目錄，創建配置文件my.cnf
[root@localhost mysql-5.6.11]# cd /usr/local/mysql12 [root@localhost mysql12]# mkdir etc [root@localhost mysql12]# vim etc/my.cnf [mysqld] basedir=/usr/local/mysql12 datadir=/database socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysql12.sock pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysql12.pid port=3308 user=mysql [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld/mysql12-error.log
4.創建mysql組和用戶，並保證用戶uid27 gid27
查看本機是否有mysql用戶
[root@localhost mysql12]#cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql mysql:x:27:27:MySQL Server:/var/lib/mysql:/bin/bash
沒有的話則進行創建，命令如下
[root@localhost mysql12]# groupadd mysql -g 27 [root@localhost mysql12]# useradd mysql -u 27 -c "Mysql Server" -d /var/lib/mysql -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql
5.創建所需文件夾並修改所有者爲mysql
[root@localhost mysql12]# mkdir /database [root@localhost mysql12]# mkdir /var/run/mysqld/ [root@localhost mysql12]# mkdir /var/log/mysqld/ [root@localhost mysql12]# chown mysql:mysql /database /var/run/mysqld/ /var/log/mysqld/ /usr/local/mysql12 -R
6.初始化數據
進入源碼包解壓後的文件夾下的script目錄執行mysql_install_db腳本進行初始化
[root@localhost mysql12]# cd ~/mysql-5.6.11/scripts/ [root@localhost scripts]# chmod +x mysql_install_db [root@localhost scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --datadir=/database/ --basedir=/usr/local/mysql12/ --user=mysql
7.定義啓動腳本的位置並修改腳本
複製解壓目錄下的support-files目錄中的mysql.server到/etc/rc.d/init.d/目錄下並將其重命名爲mysql56，並進行如下修改作爲啓動腳本。
[root@localhost scripts]# cd ~/mysql-5.6.11/support-files/ [root@localhost support-files]# chmod +x mysql.server [root@localhost support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql12 [root@localhost support-files]# vim /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql12 修改 conf=/etc/my.cnf 爲conf=/usr/local/mysql12/etc/my.cnf
8.啓動mysql
查看系統中是否有mysql的進程
[root@localhost support-files]# netstat -ntaup | grep "mysql" [root@localhost support-files]# ps aux | grep "mysql"
如果有則將其進程結束，命令如下
[root@localhost support-files]# pkill -9 mysql
啓動剛安裝好的mysql
[root@localhost support-files]# service mysql12 start [root@localhost support-files]# mysql -S/var/run/mysqld/mysql12.sock
出現如下提示則說明mysql源碼包安裝成功並可以使用
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.11-debug Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
以下爲shell腳本安裝的內容：
#!/bin/bash
#########################################
# mysql 源碼包安裝腳本 #
# --by sweet #
#########################################
#每次安裝只需修改mysql的值即可
mysql=mysql12
setup_path=/root
install_path=/usr/local/$mysql
#結束所有mysql進程
pkill -9 mysql
#1.安裝所需要的前提軟件包
yum install cmake make gcc gcc-c++ ncurses-devel -y &>/dev/null
#2.解壓源碼包並進行編譯安裝
if [ -d $setup_path/mysql-5.6.11 ];then
rm -rf $setup_path/mysql-5.6.11
fi
cd $setup_path
tar xf mysql-5.6.11.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.6.11
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=$install_path -DMYSQL_DATADIR:PATH=/database -DWITH_DEBUG:BOOL=on -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=all -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=on -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE:BOOL=on &>/dev/null
make ; make install
#3.創建並修改配置文件
mkdir $install_path/etc -p
cat << EOF >$install_path/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/$mysql
datadir=/database
socket=/var/run/mysqld/$mysql.sock
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/$mysql.pid
#安裝不同版本可修改port號
port=3308
user=mysql
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld/$mysql-error.log
EOF
#4.創建mysql組和用戶，並保證用戶uid27 gid27
user=$(cat /etc/passwd |grep "mysql")
if [[ -z $user ]];then
groupadd mysql -g 27
useradd mysql -u 27 -c "Mysql Server" -d /var/lib/mysql -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql
fi
#5.創建所需文件夾並修改所有者爲mysql
mkdir -p /database
mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld/
mkdir -p /var/log/mysqld/
chown mysql:mysql /database /var/run/mysqld/ /var/log/mysqld/ /usr/local/$mysql -R
#6.初始化數據
cd $setup_path/mysql-5.6.11/scripts/
chmod +x mysql_install_db
./mysql_install_db --datadir=/database/ --basedir=/usr/local/$mysql/ --user=mysql
#7.定義啓動腳本的位置並修改腳本
cd $setup_path/mysql-5.6.11/support-files/
chmod +x mysql.server
cp mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/$mysql
sed -i "s/conf=/&\/usr\/local\/$mysql/" /etc/rc.d/init.d/$mysql
#8.啓動mysql
service $mysql start
mysql -S/var/run/mysqld/$mysql.sock如需要在一臺主機重複安裝，只需要將腳本中的mysql變量進行修改即可。
附件爲shell腳本