部署mysql集羣，使用MHA軟件+mysql主從同步 實現
一.什麼時集羣？ 多臺服務器提供相同的服務（網站，數據庫）
二 集羣分類？ LB （負載均衡） HA（高可用） HPC（專業領域）
三 爲什麼使用集羣
四 配置集羣？ 安裝軟件提供服務實現（LVS，haproxy,nginx,keepalived）
部署MYSQL高可用集羣
5.1 MHA集羣 ： 自動切換故障
組成 ：管理節點, 數據節點
5.1 MHA集羣環境準備
主機51-56 : yum -y install perl-*
cd mha-soft-student/
yum -y install perl-*
主機 51-55:
cd mha-soft-student/
yum -y install mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
主機56
:[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# yum -y install mha4mysql-node-0.56-0.el6.noarch.rpm
[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# tar -zxvf mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz
[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# cd mha4mysql-manager-0.56/
[root@host56 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# perl Makefile.PL
*** Module::AutoInstall version 1.03
*** Checking for Perl dependencies...
[Core Features]
- DBI ...loaded. (1.627)
- DBD::mysql ...loaded. (4.023)
- Time::HiRes ...loaded. (1.9725)
- Config::Tiny ...loaded. (2.14)
- Log::Dispatch ...loaded. (2.41)
- Parallel::ForkManager ...loaded. (1.18)
- MHA::NodeConst ...loaded. (0.56)
*** Module::AutoInstall configuration finished.
Checking if your kit is complete...
[root@host56 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# make && make install
[root@host56 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# masterha_TAB鍵
56可以無密碼 ssh 51-55
ssh [email protected]
42 ssh [email protected]
43 ssh [email protected]
44 ssh [email protected]
45 ssh [email protected]
51-55主機可以彼此互相無密碼ssh
二 配置MHA集羣
2.1 配置mysql 主從同步 （一主一從）
2.1.1，配置主服務器51
[root@host51 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
secure_file_priv=/mybak
plugin-load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-master-enabled = 1
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1
server_id=51
log-bin=master51
relay_log_purge=off
[root@host51 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to plj@"%" identified by "123qqq...A";
mysql> set global relay_log_purge=off;
2.1.2 配置從服務器52 （備用主庫）
[root@host52~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
secure_file_priv=/mybak
plugin-load = "rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-master-enabled = 1
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1
server_id=52
log-bin=master52
relay_log_purge=off
[root@host52 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
[root@host52 mha-soft-student]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.4.51",master_user="plj",master_password="123qqq...A",master_log_file="master51.000001",master_log_pos=436;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
2.1.2 配置從服務器53 （備用主庫）
vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
validate_password_length=6
validate_password_policy=0
plugin-load ="rpl_semi_sync_master=semisync_master.so;rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-master-enabled = 1
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1
server_id=53
log-bin=master53
relay_log_purge=off
[root@host53~]# systemctl restart mysqld
mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.4.51",master_user="plj",master_password="123qqq...A",master_log_file="master51.000001",master_log_pos=436;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.11 sec)
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
2.1.2 配置從服務器54（純從庫）
[root@host54 mha-soft-student]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server_id=54
plugin-load ="rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1
relay_log_purge=off
mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.4.51",master_user="plj",master_password="123qqq...A",master_log_file="master51.000001",master_log_pos=436;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.11 sec)
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
2.1.2 配置從服務器55（純從庫）
[root@host54 mha-soft-student]# vim /etc/my.cnf
server_id=55
plugin-load ="rpl_semi_sync_slave=semisync_slave.so"
rpl-semi-sync-slave-enabled = 1
relay_log_purge=off
mysql> change master to master_host="192.168.4.51",master_user="plj",master_password="123qqq...A",master_log_file="master51.000001",master_log_pos=436;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.11 sec)
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
2.2 配置管理主機1(192.168.4.56)
[root@host56 ~]# mkdir /etc/mha_manager #創建指定的目錄
[root@host56 ~]# cd mha-soft-student/
[root@host56 ~]# ls
[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# cd mha4mysql-manager-0.56/
[root@host56 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# cp samples/conf/app1.cnf /etc/mha_manager/ #拷貝配置文件
[root@host56 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# vim /etc/mha_manager/app1.cnf
2.2.1編寫配置文件
[root@host56 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# vim /etc/mha_manager/app1.cnf
[server default] # 服務的默認配置
ma nager_workdir=/etc/mha_manager
manager_log=/etc/mha_manager/manager.log
master_ip_failover_script=/etc/mha_manager/master_ip_failover #自動failover 切換的腳本 ，利用perl語言
ssh_user=root
ssh_port=22 #連接所有主機的用戶和端口號
repl_user=plj #連接主從服務器的用戶
repl_password=123qqq...A
user=root # 操作數據庫的用戶
password=123456
[server1] # 指定服務器
hostname=192.168.4.51
candidate_master=1
[server2]
hostname=192.168.4.52
candidate_master=1
[server3]
hostname=192.168.4.53
candidate_master=1
[server4]
hostname=192.168.4.54
no_master=1
[server5]
hostname=192.168.4.55
no_master=1
2.2.2 創建故障切換腳本
[root@host56 ~]# cd mha-soft-student/
[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# cp master_ip_failover /etc/mha_manager/
[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# vim +35 /etc/mha_manager/master_ip_failover
my $vip = '192.168.4.100/24'; # Virtual IP 修改vip地址
[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# chmod +x /etc/mha_manager/master_ip_failover
2.2.3把vip 地址部署在當前的主庫上（192.168.4.51）
[root@host51 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.4.100/24 #在主機51上配置vip
[root@host51 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1
eth0:1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.4.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.4.255
ether 52:54:00:2c:d4:60 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
2.2.4 用戶授權(根據配置文件)
2.2.4.1 給從服務器同步數據的連接用戶（51/52/53)
52mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to plj@"%"
identified by "123qqq...A";
53mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to plj@"%"
identified by "123qqq...A";
2.2. 4.2 管理主機56監控數據庫服務器狀態的連接用戶root(51-55)
51mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%'
identified by "123qqq...A";
52mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%'
identified by "123qqq...A";
53mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%'
identified by "123qqq...A";
54mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%'
identified by "123qqq...A";
55mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%'
identified by "123qqq...A";
三 測試配置(192.168.4.56)
3.1 測試ssh無密碼登陸
[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha_manager/app1.cnf #檢查56是不是都可以無密碼登陸 （51-55）
Wed May 15 17:57:50 2019 - [info] All SSH connection tests passed successfully.
3.2 測試mysql主從同步
[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha_manager/app1.cnf # 檢查51-55之間的主從是否ok
Weokd May 15 17:58:38 2019 - [info] Dead Servers:
Wed May 15 17:58:38 2019 - [info] Alive Servers:
Wed May 15 17:58:38 2019 - [info] 192.168.4.51(192.168.4.51:3306)
Wed May 15 17:58:38 2019 - [info] 192.168.4.52(192.168.4.52:3306)
Wed May 15 17:58:38 2019 - [info] 192.168.4.53(192.168.4.53:3306)
Wed May 15 17:58:38 2019 - [info] 192.168.4.54(192.168.4.54:3306)
Wed May 15 17:58:38 2019 - [info] 192.168.4.55(192.168.4.55:3306)
MySQL Replication Health is OK.
3.3 啓動管理服務
查看
[root@host56 mha-soft-student]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mha_manager/app1.cnf
app1 is stopped(2:NOT_RUNNING).
[root@host56 ~]# masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha_manager/app1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover
3.4 測試mysql服務高可用
3.4.1 在主庫51上添加訪問數據的連接用戶
mysql> create database db9;
mysql> create table db9.t1 (id int);
mysql> grant select ,insert on db9.* to
yaya99@"%" identified by "123qqq...A";
3.4.2 在客戶端50連接vip地址訪問數據庫服務
50]# mysql -h192.168.4.100 -uyaya99 -p123qqq...A
mysql> insert into db9.t1 values(100),(200),(300);
mysql> select * from db9.t1;
在51的所有從服務器上都可以看到同樣的數據
3.4.3 停止主庫51的數據庫的服務，50主機依然可以訪問到數據
[root@host51 ~]# systemctl stop mysqld.service
如何把壞掉的51和52 服務機器再添加到集羣裏？
2.1 啓動51 和52 主機的數據庫服務
2.2 把51 和52主機配置爲的當前主服務器的從服務器
2.3 把主機51 和52 添加app1.cnf 文件裏
]#vim /etc/mha_manager/app1.cnf
[server1]
candidate_master=1
hostname=192.168.4.51
[server2]
candidate_master=1
hostname=192.168.4.52
:wq
2.4在主機56上運行管理服務，並查看服務狀態
]# masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha_manager/app1.cnf
]# masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha_manager/app1.cnf
測試ssh 登陸
測試主從服務