本文檔分爲兩部分：
1.單個pdb備份還原
2.只cdb備份還原
1.rman只備份pdb
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 MPDB01 READ WRITE NO
5 MPDB02 READ WRITE NO
CDB和PDB中建立如下測試表：
SQL> create table t_for_back (a int);
Table created.
SQL> insert into t_for_back select 1 from dual;
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
備份單個pdb
RMAN> BACKUP pluggable database mpdb02 FORMAT '/backup/oraback/bk_%s_%p_%t';
Starting backup at 19-JUL-19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00016 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_gm2p199r_.dbf
input datafile file number=00014 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_system_gm2p199h_.dbf
input datafile file number=00015 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_gm2p199q_.dbf
input datafile file number=00017 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_users_gm2p199s_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JUL-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JUL-19
piece handle=/backup/oraback/bk_100_1_1014040596 tag=TAG20190719T135636 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished backup at 19-JUL-19
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 19-JUL-19
piece handle=/u02/app/oracle/products/12.2.0.1/db_1/dbs/c-3951895183-20190719-01 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 19-JUL-19
檢查備份情況：
RMAN> list backup of pluggable database mpdb02;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
94 Full 1.17G DISK 00:00:08 19-JUL-19
BP Key: 94 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20190719T135636
Piece Name: /backup/oraback/bk_100_1_1014040596
List of Datafiles in backup set 94
Container ID: 5, PDB Name: MPDB02
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ ----
14 Full 2902650 19-JUL-19 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_system_gm2p199h_.dbf
15 Full 2902650 19-JUL-19 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_gm2p199q_.dbf
16 Full 2902650 19-JUL-19 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_gm2p199r_.dbf
17 Full 2902650 19-JUL-19 NO /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_users_gm2p199s_.dbf
模擬數據文件丟失
[oracle@oradb-2062 datafile]$ mv o1_mf_system_gm2p199h_.dbf o1_mf_system_gm2p199h_.dbf.bak
cdb和mpdb01中：
SQL> create table t19071901 (a int);
Table created.
SQL> insert into t19071901 select 1 from dual;
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
mpdb02中
SQL> create table t19071901 (a int) tablespace users;
Table created.
SQL> insert into t19071901 select 1 from dual;
1 row created.
SQL> commit;
Commit complete.
SQL> alter system checkpoint;
System altered.
SQL> sho con_name
ERROR:
ORA-03135: connection lost contact
Process ID: 94384
Session ID: 33 Serial number: 19671
SP2-1545: This feature requires Database availability.
現在RMAN恢復：
RMAN> restore pluggable database mpdb02;
Starting restore at 19-JUL-19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00014 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_system_gm2p199h_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00015 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_gm2p199q_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00016 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_gm2p199r_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00017 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/8E032EED10D56F47E05302CEA8C0D24C/datafile/o1_mf_users_gm2p199s_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/oraback/bk_100_1_1014040596
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/backup/oraback/bk_100_1_1014040596 tag=TAG20190719T135636
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
Finished restore at 19-JUL-19
RMAN> recover pluggable database mpdb02;
Starting recover at 19-JUL-19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
Finished recover at 19-JUL-19
數據檢查
SQL> alter session set container=mpdb02;
Session altered.
SQL> select * from t_for_back
2 ;
A
----------
1
SQL> select * from t19071901;
A
----------
1
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下面用rman只備份cdb
RMAN> backup database root FORMAT '/backup/oraback/bk_%s_%p_%t';
Starting backup at 19-JUL-19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_gkmjqb8y_.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_gkmjt28w_.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_gkmjvjz7_.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_gkmjvl3k_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 19-JUL-19
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 19-JUL-19
piece handle=/backup/oraback/bk_102_1_1014042002 tag=TAG20190719T142002 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:16
Finished backup at 19-JUL-19
Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 19-JUL-19
piece handle=/u02/app/oracle/products/12.2.0.1/db_1/dbs/c-3951895183-20190719-02 comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 19-JUL-19
SQL> shutdown abort
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL>
SQL>
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1191182336 bytes
Fixed Size 8792104 bytes
Variable Size 436209624 bytes
Database Buffers 738197504 bytes
Redo Buffers 7983104 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 1:
'/u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_gkmjqb8y_.dbf'
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------------------------------
MOUNTED
RMAN> restore database root;
Starting restore at 19-JUL-19
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=42 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_gkmjqb8y_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_gkmjt28w_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_gkmjvjz7_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00007 to /u02/app/oracle/oradata/MCDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_gkmjvl3k_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/oraback/bk_102_1_1014042002
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/backup/oraback/bk_102_1_1014042002 tag=TAG20190719T142002
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
Finished restore at 19-JUL-19
RMAN> recover database root;
Starting recover at 19-JUL-19
using channel ORA_DISK_1
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished recover at 19-JUL-19
RMAN> alter database open;
Statement processed
BACKUP DATABASE;
會備份所有的CDB和PDB
BACKUP DATABASE root；
只備份CDB
BACKUP DATABASE pdb01,pdb02;
備份指定的PDB