一、實現原理:
1. 前端查詢列表數據並渲染至table(<table>...</table>)表格
2. 表格html代碼傳輸至後臺
3. 後臺把html轉成Excel輸出流返回前端
4. 前端自動調用下載器完成下載
注:因爲渲染之後的hmtl代碼數據量有可能很大,因此要使用POST方式的form表單方式提交。
後臺轉換代碼:
必要的jar包,maven項目所以直接pom導入:
<!-- Excel導出相關 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-examples</artifactId>
<version>3.8</version>
</dependency>
跨行元素元數據類:
/**
* 跨行元素元數據
*
*/
public class CrossRangeCellMeta {
public CrossRangeCellMeta(int firstRowIndex, int firstColIndex, int rowSpan, int colSpan) {
super();
this.firstRowIndex = firstRowIndex;
this.firstColIndex = firstColIndex;
this.rowSpan = rowSpan;
this.colSpan = colSpan;
}
private int firstRowIndex;
private int firstColIndex;
private int rowSpan;// 跨越行數
private int colSpan;// 跨越列數
int getFirstRow() {
return firstRowIndex;
}
int getLastRow() {
return firstRowIndex + rowSpan - 1;
}
int getFirstCol() {
return firstColIndex;
}
int getLastCol() {
return firstColIndex + colSpan - 1;
}
int getColSpan(){
return colSpan;
}
}
將html table 轉成 excel類:
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.math.NumberUtils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddress;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
/**
* 將html table 轉成 excel
*
* 記錄下來所佔的行和列,然後填充合併
*/
public class ConvertHtml2Excel {
/**
* html表格轉excel
*
* @param tableHtml 如
* <table>
* ..
* </table>
* @return
*/
public static HSSFWorkbook table2Excel(String tableHtml,String table) {
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
//創建工作空間名稱爲“table”
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet(table);
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
List<CrossRangeCellMeta> crossRowEleMetaLs = new ArrayList<>();
int rowIndex = 0;
try {
Document data = DocumentHelper.parseText(tableHtml);
// 生成表頭
Element thead = data.getRootElement().element("thead");
HSSFCellStyle titleStyle = getTitleStyle(wb);
if (thead != null) {
List<Element> trLs = thead.elements("tr");
for (Element trEle : trLs) {
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowIndex);
List<Element> thLs = trEle.elements("th");
makeRowCell(thLs, rowIndex, row, 0, titleStyle, crossRowEleMetaLs);
row.setHeightInPoints(17);
rowIndex++;
}
}
// 生成表體
Element tbody = data.getRootElement().element("tbody");
if (tbody != null) {
HSSFCellStyle contentStyle = getContentStyle(wb);
List<Element> trLs = tbody.elements("tr");
for (Element trEle : trLs) {
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(rowIndex);
List<Element> thLs = trEle.elements("th");
int cellIndex = makeRowCell(thLs, rowIndex, row, 0, titleStyle, crossRowEleMetaLs);
List<Element> tdLs = trEle.elements("td");
makeRowCell(tdLs, rowIndex, row, cellIndex, contentStyle, crossRowEleMetaLs);
row.setHeightInPoints(18);
rowIndex++;
}
}
// 合併表頭
for (CrossRangeCellMeta crcm : crossRowEleMetaLs) {
sheet.addMergedRegion(new CellRangeAddress(crcm.getFirstRow(), crcm.getLastRow(), crcm.getFirstCol(), crcm.getLastCol()));
}
} catch (DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//自動調整列寬
for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
sheet.autoSizeColumn((short)i);
}
return wb;
}
/**
* 生產行內容
*
* @return 最後一列的cell index
*/
/**
* @param tdLs th或者td集合
* @param rowIndex 行號
* @param row POI行對象
* @param startCellIndex
* @param cellStyle 樣式
* @param crossRowEleMetaLs 跨行元數據集合
* @return
*/
private static int makeRowCell(List<Element> tdLs, int rowIndex, HSSFRow row, int startCellIndex, HSSFCellStyle cellStyle,
List<CrossRangeCellMeta> crossRowEleMetaLs) {
int i = startCellIndex;
for (int eleIndex = 0; eleIndex < tdLs.size(); i++, eleIndex++) {
int captureCellSize = getCaptureCellSize(rowIndex, i, crossRowEleMetaLs);
while (captureCellSize > 0) {
for (int j = 0; j < captureCellSize; j++) {// 當前行跨列處理(補單元格)
row.createCell(i);
i++;
}
captureCellSize = getCaptureCellSize(rowIndex, i, crossRowEleMetaLs);
}
Element thEle = tdLs.get(eleIndex);
String val = thEle.getTextTrim();
if (StringUtils.isBlank(val)) {
Element e = thEle.element("a");
if (e != null) {
val = e.getTextTrim();
}
}
HSSFCell c = row.createCell(i);
if (NumberUtils.isNumber(val)) {
c.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(val));
c.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
} else {
c.setCellValue(val);
}
c.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
int rowSpan = NumberUtils.toInt(thEle.attributeValue("rowspan"), 1);
int colSpan = NumberUtils.toInt(thEle.attributeValue("colspan"), 1);
if (rowSpan > 1 || colSpan > 1) { // 存在跨行或跨列
crossRowEleMetaLs.add(new CrossRangeCellMeta(rowIndex, i, rowSpan, colSpan));
}
if (colSpan > 1) {// 當前行跨列處理(補單元格)
for (int j = 1; j < colSpan; j++) {
i++;
row.createCell(i);
}
}
}
return i;
}
/**
* 獲得因rowSpan佔據的單元格
*
* @param rowIndex 行號
* @param colIndex 列號
* @param crossRowEleMetaLs 跨行列元數據
* @return 當前行在某列需要佔據單元格
*/
private static int getCaptureCellSize(int rowIndex, int colIndex, List<CrossRangeCellMeta> crossRowEleMetaLs) {
int captureCellSize = 0;
for (CrossRangeCellMeta crossRangeCellMeta : crossRowEleMetaLs) {
if (crossRangeCellMeta.getFirstRow() < rowIndex && crossRangeCellMeta.getLastRow() >= rowIndex) {
if (crossRangeCellMeta.getFirstCol() <= colIndex && crossRangeCellMeta.getLastCol() >= colIndex) {
captureCellSize = crossRangeCellMeta.getLastCol() - colIndex + 1;
}
}
}
return captureCellSize;
}
/**
* 獲得標題樣式
*
* @param workbook
* @return
*/
private static HSSFCellStyle getTitleStyle(HSSFWorkbook workbook) {
short titlebackgroundcolor = HSSFColor.GREY_25_PERCENT.index;
short fontSize = 12;
String fontName = "宋體";
HSSFCellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle();
style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);
style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);
style.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
style.setBorderTop((short) 1);
style.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
style.setBorderRight((short) 1);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
style.setFillForegroundColor(titlebackgroundcolor);// 背景色
HSSFFont font = workbook.createFont();
font.setFontName(fontName);
font.setFontHeightInPoints(fontSize);
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);
style.setFont(font);
return style;
}
/**
* 獲得內容樣式
*
* @param wb
* @return
*/
private static HSSFCellStyle getContentStyle(HSSFWorkbook wb) {
short fontSize = 12;
String fontName = "宋體";
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setBorderBottom((short) 1);
style.setBorderTop((short) 1);
style.setBorderLeft((short) 1);
style.setBorderRight((short) 1);
HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontName(fontName);
font.setFontHeightInPoints(fontSize);
style.setFont(font);
return style;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
String c = new String("<table id=\"targetTable\">\n" +
" <thead>\n" +
" <tr align=\"center\">\n" +
" <th>名次</th>\n" +
" <th>姓名</th>\n" +
" <th>成績</th>\n" +
" </tr>\n" +
" </thead>\n" +
" <tbody>\n" +
" <tr align=\"center\">\n" +
" <td>1</td>\n" +
" <td>小明</td>\n" +
" <td>100</td>\n" +
" </tr>\n" +
" <tr align=\"center\">\n" +
" <td>2</td>\n" +
" <td>小紅</td>\n" +
" <td>95.5</td>\n" +
" </tr>\n" +
" </tbody>\n" +
"</table>");
HSSFWorkbook wb = table2Excel(c,"table");
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/1.xls"));
wb.write(fos);
fos.flush();
fos.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
Controller類
import com.loanofficer.utils.excel.ConvertHtml2Excel;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/excel")
public class ExcelController {
@PostMapping(value = "/loadExcel")
private void loadExcelGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) {
try {
req.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
// 設置文件的mime類型
resp.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
// 存儲編碼後的文件名
String excelName = "name";
// 存儲文件名稱
String n = req.getParameter("excelName");
try {
excelName = URLEncoder.encode(n, "utf-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
resp.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename=" + excelName + ".xls;filename*=utf-8''" + excelName + ".xls");
String tableHtml = req.getParameter("tableHtml");
// 從session中刪除saveExcelMsg屬性
req.getSession().removeAttribute("saveExcelMsg");
// 定義一個輸出流
ServletOutputStream sos = null;
HSSFWorkbook wb = ConvertHtml2Excel.table2Excel(tableHtml);
try {
// 保存到文件中
sos = resp.getOutputStream();
wb.write(sos);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (sos != null) {
try {
sos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
執行結果:
參考: