1查看Debian版本
cat /etc/debian_version
2更換源,stretch、jessie、wheezy。分別對應Debian9，Debian8，Debian7版本。
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian/ stretch-backports main non-free contrib
deb http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ stretch/updates main non-free contrib
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ stretch/updates main non-free contrib
3安裝默認gcc
apt-get install gcc
apt-get install g++
apt-get install gcc-multilib
apt-get install g++-multilib
apt-get install make
3安裝bzip2
wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/bzip2/bzip2-1.0.6.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
tar -xvf bzip2-1.0.6.tar.gz
cd bzip2-1.0.6
make -f Makefile-libbz2_so
make && make install
4編譯gcc
wget https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/gnu/gcc/gcc-9.1.0/gcc-9.1.0.tar.gz --no-check-certificate
tar -xvf gcc-9.1.0.tar.gz
cd gcc-9.1.0
./contrib/download_prerequisites
./configure --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-multilib
make -j8
make install
5安裝rpm
apt-get install rpm