本文首發於我的個人網站： https://hewanyue.com/
本文作者： Hechao
本文鏈接： https://hewanyue.com/blog/我的一鍵個性化系統腳本/
經常要把虛擬機上的系統搞崩，總是各種報錯，有次yum安裝gcc程序都報錯，一旦折騰半天解決不了，只好選擇最笨卻最有效的方法——還原vrm虛擬機的快照！可是還原快照到乾淨系統，就導致之前做的喜歡的配置又都沒了 還要去慢慢設置開機圖案、別名以及各種環境變量比較麻煩，於是就費了點時間，寫了下面這個腳本，每次都可以一鍵實現讓新系統恢復自己當初個性化的各種設置。
先傳效果圖：
#!/bin/bash
read -p "please input a name for the address:" USERDIR
#輸入用戶名，方便在/etc目錄下存放生成的配置文件
[ -a /etc/$USERDIR ] && [ -d /etc/$USERDIR ] ||{ \rm -rf /etc/$USERDIR; mkdir /etc/$USERDIR; }
#mkdir /etc/$USERDIR
#生成配置文件目錄，若已存在則直接使用此目錄
cat > /etc/$USERDIR/motd << END
oooooooooooo oooooooooo. ooooooooooooo oooo oooooooooo. .
8' 888 '8 '888' 'Y8b 8' 888 '8 '888 '888' 'Y8b .o8
888 'ooooo. 888 888 .ooooo. 888 888 .oo. .ooooo. 888 888 .ooooo. .oooo.o .o888oo
888 d88' '88b 888oooo888' d88' '88b 888 888P"Y88b d88' '88b 888oooo888' d88' '88b d88( "8 888
888 888 888 888 '88b 888ooo888 888 888 888 888ooo888 888 '88b 888ooo888 '"Y88b. 888
888 888 888 888 .88P 888 .o 888 888 888 888 .o 888 .88P 888 .o o. )88b 888 .
o888o 'Y8bod8P' o888bood8P' 'Y8bod8P' o888o o888o o888o 'Y8bod8P' o888bood8P' 'Y8bod8P' 8"'888P' "888"
END
#生成開機歡迎動畫，可以隨意修改
#創建/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh配置文件
[ -a /etc/$USERDIR ] && [ -d /etc/$USERDIR ]&& [ -w /etc/$USERDIR ] ||{ \rm -rf /etc/$USERDIR; mkdir /etc/$USERDIR; }
#確認文件目錄存在且可用,開始寫配置文件。
#因爲水平有限，不知道怎麼把命令以及變量通過腳本生成到新腳本里
#只能採用最笨的方法——一行一行的寫入，希望各位大佬可以指點一二。
echo '#!/bin/bash '>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'cat /etc/$USERDIR/motd'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'date=`date "+%F %T"`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'head="System information as of: $date"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ''>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'kernel=`uname -r`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'hostname=`echo $HOSTNAME`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ''>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo '#Cpu load'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'load1=`cat /proc/loadavg | awk '"'"'{print $1}'"'"'`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'load5=`cat /proc/loadavg | awk '"'"'{print $2}'"'"'`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'load15=`cat /proc/loadavg | awk '"'"'{print $3}'"'"'`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ''>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo '#System uptime'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'uptime=`cat /proc/uptime | cut -f1 -d.`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'upDays=$((uptime/60/60/24))'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'upHours=$((uptime/60/60%24))'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'upMins=$((uptime/60%60))'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'upSecs=$((uptime%60))'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'up_lastime=`date -d "$(awk -F. '"'"'{print $1}'"'"' /proc/uptime) second ago" +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ''>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo '#Memory Usage'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'mem_usage=`free -m | awk '"'"'/Mem:/{total=$2} /buffers\/cache/ {used=$3} END {printf("%3.2f%%",used/total*100)}'"'"'`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'swap_usage=`free -m | awk '"'"'/Swap/{printf "%.2f%",$3/$2*100}'"'"'`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ''>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo '#Processes'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'processes=`ps aux | wc -l`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ''>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo '#User'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'users=`users | wc -w`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'USER=`whoami`'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ''>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo '#System fs usage'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'Filesystem=$(df -h | awk '"'"'/^\/dev/{print $6}'"'"')'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ''>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo '#Interfaces'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'INTERFACES=$(ip -4 ad | grep '"'"'state '"'"' | awk -F":" '"'"'!/^[0-9]*: ?lo/ {print $2}'"'"'|grep e)'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'echo "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'echo "$head"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'echo "----------------------------------------------"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "Kernel Version:\t%s\n" $kernel'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "HostName:\t%s\n" $hostname'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "System Load:\t%s %s %s\n" $load1, $load5, $load15'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "System Uptime:\t%s "days" %s "hours" %s "min" %s "sec"\n" $upDays $upHours $upMins $upSecs'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "Memory Usage:\t%s\t\t\tSwap Usage:\t%s\n" $mem_usage $swap_usage'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "Login Users:\t%s\t\t\tWhoami:\t\t%s\n" $users $USER'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "Processes:\t%s\n" $processes'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "\n"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "Filesystem\tUsage\n"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'for f in $Filesystem'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'do'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ' Usage=$(df -h | awk '"'"'{if($NF=="'"'"''"'"''"'"'$f'"'"''"'"''"'"'") print $5}'"'"')'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ' echo -e "$f\t\t$Usage"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'done'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "\n"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'printf "Interface\tMAC Address\t\tIP Address\n"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'for i in $INTERFACES'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'do'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ' MAC=$(ip ad show dev $i | grep "link/ether" | awk '"'"'{print $2}'"'"')'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ' IP=$(ip ad show dev $i | awk '"'"'/inet / {print $2}'"'"')'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo ' printf $i"\t\t"$MAC"\t$IP\n"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'done'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'echo "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++"'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
echo 'echo'>>/etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
#生成腳本設置常用命令符以及別名及命令歷史
cat > /etc/profile.d/env.sh << END
PS1="\e[1;36m[\u@\h \W]\\\\$\e[0m"
HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F %T "
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
alias rm='mkdir -p /date/delete/`date +%F`;\mv -t /date/delete/`date +%F` -f'
bash /etc/$USERDIR/login.sh
END
sed -i 's/^alias rm/#&/' ~/.bashrc
#取消用戶定義的alias rm。
#生成VIM的格式腳本
cat > ~/.vimrc << END
#!/bin/bash
""新建.c,.h,.sh,.java文件，自動插入文件頭
autocmd BufNewFile *.cpp,*.[ch],*.sh,*.java exec ":call SetTitle()"
""定義函數SetTitle，自動插入文件頭
func SetTitle()
""如果文件類型爲.sh文件
if &filetype == 'sh'
call setline(1,"\##########################################################################")
call append(line("."), "\# File Name: ".expand("%"))
call append(line(".")+1,"\# Author: Name ")
call append(line(".")+2,"\# QQ: xxxxxxxxx")
call append(line(".")+3,"\# mail: [email protected]")
call append(line(".")+4,"\# Description: The test script")
call append(line(".")+5,"\# Created Time: ".strftime("%F %H:%M:%S"))
call append(line(".")+6,"\# Copyright（C）: ".strftime("%Y")." All rights reserved")
call append(line(".")+7,"\##########################################################################")
call append(line(".")+8,"\#!/bin/bash")
call append(line(".")+9,"")
else
call setline(1, "/*************************************************************************")
call append(line("."), " > File Name: ".expand("%"))
call append(line(".")+1, " > Author: Name")
call append(line(".")+2, " > Mail: [email protected]")
call append(line(".")+3, " > Created Time: ".strftime("%c"))
call append(line(".")+4, "************************************************************************/")
call append(line(".")+5, "")
endif
if &filetype == 'cpp'
call append(line(".")+6, "#include<iostream>")
call append(line(".")+7, "using namespace std;")
call append(line(".")+8, "")
endif
if &filetype == 'c'
call append(line(".")+6, "#include<stdio.h>")
call append(line(".")+7, "")
endif
if &filetype == 'java'
call append(line(".")+6,"public class ".expand("%"))
call append(line(".")+7,"")
endif
""新建文件後，自動定位到文件末尾
endfunc
autocmd BufNewFile * normal G
END
mkdir -p /etc/yum.repos.d/backup
\mv -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/backup/
#禁用已有其他epel源，並做備份。
umount /dev/cdrom
#[ `cat /etc/fstab|grep -o iso` ]||sed -i '/iso/c\' /etc/fstab
#解掛其他光盤
CDUUID=`blkid|sed -nr '/sr0/s/.*\bUUID="([^"]+).*"/\1/p'`
CDTYPE=`blkid|sed -nr '/sr0/s/.*\bTYPE="([^"]+).*"/\1/p'`
[ `cat /etc/fstab|grep -o iso` ]||mkdir -p /cdrom #創建光盤目錄
[ `cat /etc/fstab|grep -o iso` ]||echo -e "UUID=$CDUUID /cdrom $CDTYPE defaults 0 0" >>/etc/fstab
#修改fstab文件，方便以後自動掛載光盤
#[ `cat /etc/fstab|grep -o iso` ]|| mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /cdrom #掛載光盤
#mount -a #掛載光盤
mount -o ro /dev/sr0 /cdrom #掛載光盤
#生成常用yum源和epel源，這裏選用阿里雲的
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/cdrom.repo << END
[cdrom]
name=cdrom-repo
baseurl=file:///cdrom
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
END
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/aliyun.repo << "END"
[aliyun]
name=aliyun-epel
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7
enabled=1
END
#新建本地及阿里雲epel源.
#修改網卡配置，根據個人情況修改
cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 << END
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=29126291-418f-4a08-b33e-c5cfa659d9b8
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=172.18.32.7
PREFIX=16
GATEWAY=172.18.0.1
DNS1=114.114.114.114
END
systemctl restart network.service
#重啓網絡服務，讓剛纔修改的配置生效
mkdir -p /date/apps
[ -z `cat ~/.bash_profile|grep apps` ] && echo 'PATH=/date/apps:$PATH' >>~/.bash_profile
#修改PAT變量，方便以後裝軟件。
水平有限，都是簡單代碼，留存記錄，方便日後查看整理改進。