MySQL-MMM優缺點:
優點：高可用性，擴展性好，出現故障自動切換，對於主主同步，在同一時間只提供一臺數據庫寫操作，保證的數據的一致性。
缺點：Monitor節點是單點，可以結合Keepalived實現高可用。
實驗環境：
master1服務器 192.168.13.167
master2服務器 192.168.13.151
slave1服務器 192.168.13.168
slave2服務器 192.168.13.145
monitor服務器 192.168.13.164
1、在master1\master2\slave1\slave2都需要安裝MYSQL數據庫
[root@master1 ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
##獲取源地址
[root@master1 ~]# yum -y install epel-release ##安裝epel源
[root@master1 ~]# yum clean all && yum makecache ##yum緩存清空
[root@master1 ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb ##安裝mariadb數據庫
[root@master1 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service ##關閉防火牆
[root@master1 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@master1 ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service ##開啓數據庫
2、修改master1數據庫配置文件（使用scp同步到其他數據庫服務器上，monitor不需要）
[root@master1 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf ##修改配置文件
[mysqld]
log_error=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.err ##錯誤日誌文件
log=/var/lib/mysql/mysql_log.log ##主從日誌存放位置
log_slow_queries=/var/lib/mysql_slow_queris.log ##man日誌
binlog-ignore-db=mysql,information_schema ##二進制文件
character_set_server=utf8 ##字符集
log_bin=mysql_bin ##二進制日誌文件
server_id=11 ##服務id（不能相同）
log_slave_updates=true ##允許從服務器更新
sync_binlog=1 ##同步日誌
auto_increment_increment=2 ##自增列
auto_increment_offset=1 ##起始點
[root@master1 ~]# systemctl restart mariadb.service ##重啓數據庫
使用scp複製數據庫配置文件到其他服務器上的時候，需要修改server-id不能一樣
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf [email protected]:/etc/ （server-id=22）
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf [email protected]:/etc/ （server-id=33）
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/my.cnf [email protected]:/etc/ （server-id=44）
[root@master1 ~]# netstat -anpt | grep 3306 ##查看端口3306
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 4235/mysqld
3、配置主主複製（master1，master2）兩臺主服務器相互複製
//master1服務器//
[root@master1 ~]# mysql ##進入數據庫
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status; ##查看主服務器的狀態信息
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000001 | 245 | | mysql,information_schema |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.168.13.%' identified by '123456';
##授權給13段的網段複製的權限用戶名replication密碼123456
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
//master2服務器//
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.13.167',master_user='replication',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql_bin.000001',master_log_pos=245;
##在master2上同步master1服務器
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'192.168.13.%' identified by '123456';
##在master2上授權複製權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show master status; ##查看master2的服務器的狀態信息
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
| mysql_bin.000001 | 410 | | mysql,information_schema |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; ##刷新權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
//master1服務器//
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.13.151',master_user='replication',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql_bin.000001',master_log_pos=410;
##master1同步master2服務器數據庫
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
//master1,master2上開啓同步//
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; ##開啓同步
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G; ##查看同步狀態信息
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
4、在slave1，slave2做主從同步，注意日誌文件和位置參數的改變
MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host='192.168.13.167',master_user='replication',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql_bin.000001',master_log_pos=245;
##在從服務器上同步master1主服務器
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; ##刷新權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; ##開啓同步
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G; ##查看同步的狀態信息
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
5、測試主主，主從的同步狀態
//主服務器master1//
MariaDB [(none)]> create database school; ##創建數據庫
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; ##查看數據庫
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
//從服務器上查看數據庫//
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases; ##實現主主，主從同步
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| school |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
6、安裝MMM，在所有服務器上安裝，注意：epel源要配置好配置阿里雲源，然後安裝epel-release源。（monitor上需要先安裝源，清空緩存，然後安裝MMM）
##monitor服務器上
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum -y install epel-release
yum clean all && yum makecache
yum -y install mysql-mmm*
##其餘服務器都需要安裝mmm
[root@master1 ~]# yum -y install mysql-mmm*
7、安裝結束後，所有服務器上對mmm進行配置
[root@master1 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf ##所有主機上都要配置,直接複製多份
……
<host default>
cluster_interface ens33 ##修改網卡
…
replication_user replication ##修改用戶名
replication_password 123456 ##密碼
agent_user mmm_agent
agent_password 123456 ##密碼
<host db1>
ip 192.168.13.167 ##master1地址
mode master
peer db2
</host>
<host db2>
ip 192.168.13.151 ##master2地址
mode master
peer db1
</host>
<host db3>
ip 192.168.13.168 ##slave1地址
mode slave
</host>
<host db4>
ip 192.168.13.145 ##slave2地址
mode slave
</host>
<role writer>
hosts db1, db2 ##寫服務器虛擬ip
ips 192.168.13.250
mode exclusive
</role>
<role reader>
hosts db3, db4 ##讀服務器虛擬ip
ips 192.168.13.252, 192.168.13.251
mode balanced
</role>
##複製到其他的服務器中
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
[email protected]'s password:
mmm_common.conf 100% 836 267.1KB/s 00:00
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
[email protected]'s password:
mmm_common.conf 100% 836 863.2KB/s 00:00
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
[email protected]'s password:
mmm_common.conf 100% 836 904.7KB/s 00:00
[root@master1 ~]# scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
8、在monitor服務器上配置
[root@monitor ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf
<host default>
monitor_user mmm_monitor
monitor_password 123456 ##修改monitor的密碼
</host>
9、在所有數據庫上爲mmm_agent代理授權，爲mmm_monitor授權監控
MariaDB [(none)]> grant super, replication client, process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.13.%' identified by '123456';
##授權代理
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication client on *.* to 'mmm_monitor'@'192.168.13.%' identified by '123456';
##授權監控
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; ##刷新權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
10、修改所有數據庫的mmm_agent.conf
[root@master1 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db1 //根據規劃進行逐一調整
[root@master2 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db2 //根據規劃進行逐一調整
[root@slave1 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db3 //根據規劃進行逐一調整
[root@slave2 ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db4 //根據規劃進行逐一調整
##所有數據庫開啓
[root@master1 ~]systemctl start mysql-mmm-agent.service ##開啓代理服務
[root@master1 ~]systemctl enable mysql-mmm-agent.service ##加入開機自啓動
11、在monitor上配置
[root@monitor ~]# vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf
<monitor>
ip 127.0.0.1
pid_path /run/mysql-mmm-monitor.pid
bin_path /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm
status_path /var/lib/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.status
ping_ips 192.168.13.167,192.168.13.151,192.168.13.168,192.168.13.
145
##所有數據庫服務器地址
auto_set_online 10 ##自動在線時間
[root@monitor ~]# systemctl stop firewalld.service ##關閉防火牆
[root@monitor ~]# setenforce 0
[root@monitor ~]# systemctl start mysql-mmm-monitor.service ##開啓監控服務
[root@monitor ~]# mmm_control show ##查看主從的飄逸地址
db1(192.168.13.167) master/ONLINE. Roles: writer(192.168.13.250)
db2(192.168.13.151) master/ONLINE. Roles:
db3(192.168.13.168) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.13.252)
db4(192.168.13.145) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.13.251)
12、測試漂移地址
[root@master1 ~]# systemctl stop mariadb.service ##模擬停止master1服務器
//monitor服務器上查看//
[root@monitor ~]# mmm_control show
db1(192.168.13.167) master/HARD_OFFLINE. Roles:
db2(192.168.13.151) master/ONLINE. Roles: writer(192.168.13.250)
db3(192.168.13.168) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.13.252)
db4(192.168.13.145) slave/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.13.251)
（重啓master1數據庫服務，虛擬地址不會被搶佔到master1）
mmm_control checks all //需要各種OK
mmm_control move_role writer db1 ##可以切換虛擬地址
13、在monitor上安裝MySQL作爲測試機用虛擬ip登錄數據庫
[root@monitor ~]# yum install mysql -y
//master1服務器上授權monitor地址訪問//
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on *.* to 'testdba'@'192.168.13.164' identified by '123456';
##授權monitor地址訪問
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges; ##刷新權限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
[root@monitor ~]# mysql -utestdba -p -h 192.168.13.250 ##使用虛擬地址即可登錄數據庫
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]>
