操作excel表格用公式來處理數據時,可通過創建公式來運算數據,或通過讀取公式來獲取數據信息來源。本文以通過Java代碼來演示在Excel中創建及讀取公式的方法。這裏使用了Excel Java類庫(Free Spire.XLS for Java 免費版),在官網下載獲取文件包後,解壓,將lib文件夾下的jar文件導入Java程序;或者通過maven倉庫下載並導入。導入結果如下:
1. 創建公式
import com.spire.xls.*;
public class AddFormula {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//創建Workbook對象
Workbook wb = new Workbook();
//獲取第一個工作表
Worksheet sheet = wb.getWorksheets().get(0);
//聲明兩個變量
int currentRow = 1;
String currentFormula = null;
//設置列寬
sheet.setColumnWidth(1, 32);
sheet.setColumnWidth(2, 16);
//寫入用於測試的數據到單元格
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,1).setValue("測試數據:");
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setNumberValue(1);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,3).setNumberValue(2);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,4).setNumberValue(3);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,5).setNumberValue(4);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,6).setNumberValue(5);
//寫入文本
currentRow += 2;
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,1).setValue("公式:") ; ;
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setValue("結果:");
//設置單元格格式
CellRange range = sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,1,currentRow,2);
range.getStyle().getFont().isBold(true);
range.getStyle().setKnownColor(ExcelColors.LightGreen1);
range.getStyle().setFillPattern(ExcelPatternType.Solid);
range.getStyle().getBorders().getByBordersLineType(BordersLineType.EdgeBottom).setLineStyle(LineStyleType.Medium);
//算數運算
currentFormula = "=1/2+3*4";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
//日期函數
currentFormula = "=TODAY()";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).getStyle().setNumberFormat("YYYY/MM/DD");
//時間函數
currentFormula = "=NOW()";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).getStyle().setNumberFormat("H:MM AM/PM");
//IF函數
currentFormula = "=IF(B1=5,\"Yes\",\"No\")";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
//PI函數
currentFormula = "=PI()";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
//三角函數
currentFormula = "=SIN(PI()/6)";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
//計數函數
currentFormula = "=Count(B1:F1)";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
//最大值函數
currentFormula = "=MAX(B1:F1)";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
//平均值函數
currentFormula = "=AVERAGE(B1:F1)";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
//求和函數
currentFormula = "=SUM(B1:F1)";
sheet.getCellRange(++currentRow,1).setText(currentFormula);
sheet.getCellRange(currentRow,2).setFormula(currentFormula);
//保存文檔
wb.saveToFile("AddFormulas.xlsx",FileFormat.Version2013);
wb.dispose();
}
}
公式創建結果:
2.讀取公式
import com.spire.xls.*;
public class ReadFormula {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//加載Excel文檔
Workbook wb = new Workbook();
wb.loadFromFile("AddFormulas.xlsx");
//獲取第一個工作表
Worksheet sheet = wb.getWorksheets().get(0);
//遍歷B1到B13的單元格
for (Object cell: sheet.getCellRange("B1:B13"))
{
CellRange cellRange = (CellRange)cell;
//判斷單元格是否含有公式
if (cellRange.hasFormula())
{
//打印單元格及公式
String certainCell = String.format("單元格[%d, %d]含有公式:", cellRange.getRow(), cellRange.getColumn());
System.out.println(certainCell + cellRange.getFormula());
}
}
}
}
公式讀取結果: