[Python] Basemap入坑手冊 - 地圖投影示例

Basemap入坑手冊 - 地圖投影示例

本文是Basemap入坑手冊的一個附錄，主要對Basemap中各種地圖投影方式提供一個示例。

cyl - Cylindrical Equidistant

代碼：

# 導入包
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 投影方式選擇
m = Basemap(projection = 'cyl')

# 畫海岸線
m.drawcoastlines()

# 上色
m.fillcontinents(color = 'coral', lake_color = 'aqua')
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color = 'aqua')

# 畫經緯度線
m.drawparallels(np.arange(-90.,91.,30.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(-180.,181.,60.))

# 送上標題
plt.title("Cylindrical Equidistant Projection")
plt.show()

結果：

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merc - Mercator

代碼：

# 導入包
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 投影方式選擇
m = Basemap(projection = 'merc', llcrnrlat = -80, urcrnrlat = 80, llcrnrlon = -180, urcrnrlon = 180, lat_ts = 20, resolution = 'c')

# 畫海岸線
m.drawcoastlines()

# 上色
m.fillcontinents(color = 'coral', lake_color = 'aqua')
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color = 'aqua')

# 畫經緯度線
m.drawparallels(np.arange(-90.,91.,30.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(-180.,181.,60.))

# 送上標題
plt.title("Mercator Projection")
plt.show()

結果：

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tmerc - Transverse Mercator

代碼：

# 導入包
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 投影方式選擇
m = Basemap(projection = 'tmerc', llcrnrlat = 49.5, urcrnrlat = 59.5, llcrnrlon = -10.5, urcrnrlon = 3.5, lon_0 = -4.36, lat_0 = 54.7, resolution = 'i')

# 畫海岸線
m.drawcoastlines()

# 上色
m.fillcontinents(color = 'coral', lake_color = 'aqua')
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color = 'aqua')

# 畫經緯度線
m.drawparallels(np.arange(-40,61.,2.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(-20.,21.,2.))

# 送上標題
plt.title("Transverse Mercator Projection")
plt.show()

結果：

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omerc - Oblique Mercator

代碼：

# 導入包
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 投影方式選擇
m = Basemap(projection = 'omerc', height = 16700000, width = 12000000, area_thresh = 1000., lon_0 = -100, lat_0 = 15, lon_1 = -50, lat_1 = -55, lon_2 = -120, lat_2 = 65, resolution = 'l')

# 畫海岸線
m.drawcoastlines()

# 上色
m.fillcontinents(color = 'coral', lake_color = 'aqua')
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color = 'aqua')

# 畫經緯度線
m.drawparallels(np.arange(-80.,81.,20.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(180.,181.,20.))

# 送上標題
plt.title("Oblique Mercator Projection")
plt.show()

結果：

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mill - Miller Cylindrical

代碼：

# 導入包
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 投影方式選擇
m = Basemap(projection = 'mill', llcrnrlat = -90, urcrnrlat = 90, llcrnrlon = -180, urcrnrlon = 180, resolution = 'c')

# 畫海岸線
m.drawcoastlines()

# 上色
m.fillcontinents(color = 'coral', lake_color = 'aqua')
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color = 'aqua')

# 畫經緯度線
m.drawparallels(np.arange(-90.,91.,30.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(-180.,181.,60.))

# 送上標題
plt.title("Miller Cylindrical Projection")
plt.show()

結果：

---

gall - Gall Stereographic

代碼：

# 導入包
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 投影方式選擇
m = Basemap(projection = 'gall', llcrnrlat = -90, urcrnrlat = 90, llcrnrlon = -180, urcrnrlon = 180, resolution = 'c')

# 畫海岸線
m.drawcoastlines()

# 上色
m.fillcontinents(color = 'coral', lake_color = 'aqua')
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color = 'aqua')

# 畫經緯度線
m.drawparallels(np.arange(-90.,91.,30.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(-180.,181.,60.))

# 送上標題
plt.title("Gall Stereographic Projection")
plt.show()

結果：

---

cea - Cylindrical Equal-Area

代碼：

# 導入包
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 投影方式選擇
m = Basemap(projection = 'cea', llcrnrlat = -90, urcrnrlat = 90, llcrnrlon = -180, urcrnrlon = 180, resolution = 'c')

# 畫海岸線
m.drawcoastlines()

# 上色
m.fillcontinents(color = 'coral', lake_color = 'aqua')
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color = 'aqua')

# 畫經緯度線
m.drawparallels(np.arange(-90.,91.,30.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(-180.,181.,60.))

# 送上標題
plt.title("Cylindrical Equal-Area Projection")
plt.show()

結果：

---

lcc - Lambert Conformal

代碼：

# 導入包
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 投影方式選擇
m = Basemap(projection = 'lcc', lat_0 = 50, lon_0 = -107., lat_1 = 45., lat_2 = 55, width = 12000000, height = 9000000, rsphere = (6378137.00, 6356752.3142), resolution = 'l')

# 畫海岸線
m.drawcoastlines()

# 上色
m.fillcontinents(color = 'coral', lake_color = 'aqua')
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color = 'aqua')

# 畫經緯度線
m.drawparallels(np.arange(-80.,81.,20.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(-180.,181.,20.))

# 送上標題
plt.title("Lambert Conformal Projection")
plt.show()

結果：

---

laea - Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area

代碼：

# 導入包
from mpl_toolkits.basemap import Basemap
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 投影方式選擇
m = Basemap(projection = 'laea', lat_0 = 50, lon_0 = -107., lat_ts = 50, width = 12000000, height = 8000000, resolution = 'l')

# 畫海岸線
m.drawcoastlines()

# 上色
m.fillcontinents(color = 'coral', lake_color = 'aqua')
m.drawmapboundary(fill_color = 'aqua')

# 畫經緯度線
m.drawparallels(np.arange(-80.,81.,20.))
m.drawmeridians(np.arange(-180.,181.,20.))

# 送上標題
plt.title("Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Projection")
plt.show()

結果：

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nplaea - North-Polar Lambert

代碼：

結果：

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splaea - South-Polar Lambert

代碼：

結果：

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eqdc - Equidistant Conic

代碼：

結果：

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• Azimuthal Equidistant

代碼：

結果：

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• North-Polar Azimuthal

代碼：

結果：

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• South-Polar Azimuthal

代碼：

結果：

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• Albers Equal

代碼：

結果：

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• Stereographic

代碼：

結果：

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• ??

代碼：

結果：

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