java源碼學習4-ThreadLocal

1、ThreadLocal 介紹:

看jdk 源碼說明:

 * This class provides thread-local variables.  These variables differ from
 * their normal counterparts in that each thread that accesses one (via its
 * <tt>get</tt> or <tt>set</tt> method) has its own, independently initialized
 * copy of the variable.  <tt>ThreadLocal</tt> instances are typically private
 * static fields in classes that wish to associate state with a thread (e.g.,
 * a user ID or Transaction ID).

ThreadLocal,很多地方叫做線程本地變量,也有些地方叫做線程本地存儲,其實意思差不多。ThreadLocal爲變量在每個線程中都創建了一個拷貝,那麼每個線程可以訪問自己內部的副本變量。ThreadLocal典型的應用是   作爲一個靜態變量與多線程訪問的目標對象進行關聯,看JDK 自帶的舉例:

 * public class ThreadId {
 *     // Atomic integer containing the next thread ID to be assigned
 *     private static final AtomicInteger nextId = new AtomicInteger(0);
 *
 *     // Thread local variable containing each thread's ID
 *     private static final ThreadLocal<Integer> threadId =
 *         new ThreadLocal<Integer>() {
 *             @Override protected Integer initialValue() {
 *                 return nextId.getAndIncrement();
 *         }
 *     };
 *
 *     // Returns the current thread's unique ID, assigning it if necessary
 *     public static int get() {
 *         return threadId.get();
 *     }
 * }
把代碼補充完成,如下:

public class TestTreadLocal {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		MyThread t1=new MyThread();
		MyThread t2=new MyThread();
		MyThread t3=new MyThread();
		t1.start();t2.start();t3.start();
	}

}
class ThreadId{

		     private static final AtomicInteger nextId = new AtomicInteger(0);
		      // Thread local variable containing each thread's ID
		     private static final ThreadLocal<Integer> threadId =new ThreadLocal<Integer>() {
		              @Override 
		              protected Integer initialValue() {
		                  return nextId.getAndIncrement();
		         }
		      };
		 
		      // Returns the current thread's unique ID, assigning it if necessary
		      public static int get() {
		          return threadId.get();
		      }

}

class MyThread extends Thread{
	 ThreadId t=new ThreadId();//無論創建多少個對象,因爲裏面的變量是static 的,只會創建一次
	public void run(){
		System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"     "+t.get());
	}
	
}
分析一下代碼,多個線程與ID進行綁定,在每個線程啓動的時候,調用ThreadId的get 方法,該方法本來是返回一個ID,但是這裏使用了ThreadLocal 對象,並且在創建ThreadLocal對象的時候重寫了初始化方法,返回ID當前值並且自增。

查看ThreadLocal的get 方法

public T get() {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null) {
            ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
            if (e != null)
                return (T)e.value;
        }
        return setInitialValue();
    }

首先判斷當前線程對象在ThreadLocalMap裏是否存在,如果存在,則返回value,如果不存在,調用setInitialValue方法

進一步查看setInitialValue方法

private T setInitialValue() {
        T value = initialValue();
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null)
            map.set(this, value);
        else
            createMap(t, value);
        return value;
    }
首先調用初始化方法,由於我們在創建ThreadLocal 對象的時候重寫了該方法,所以這裏的value首先是0(可以理解爲第一個線程對象啓動),然後判斷當前線程對象是否在ThreadLocalMap裏存在,如果存在,則綁定線程對象與值(0),如果不存在,則創建,重新綁定,返回值數據(0);


 目前由於基礎比較薄弱,對於該類的使用不甚了了,所以從網上找了幾篇文章,關於ThreadLocal 的使用與理解,可以用來參考

1、http://www.cnblogs.com/dolphin0520/p/3920407.html

2、http://www.iteye.com/topic/103804

3、http://www.cnblogs.com/alphablox/archive/2013/01/20/2869061.html

4、http://blog.csdn.net/lufeng20/article/details/24314381/


發佈了70 篇原創文章 · 獲贊 18 · 訪問量 14萬+
發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論,想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章