一、 Atomic類簡介
在Java.util.concurrent.atomic包下,有AtomicBoolean , AtomicInteger, AtomicLong, AtomicReference等類,它們的基本特性就是在多線程環境下,執行這些類實例包含的方法時,具有排他性,即當某個線程進入方法,執行其中的指令時,不會被其他線程打斷,而別的線程就像自旋鎖一樣,一直等到該方法執行完成,才由JVM從等待隊列中選擇一個另一個線程進入。
二、例子
以AtomicBoolean爲例,單線程執行普通的方法(如下),不會出現線程問題:
package com.secbro.test.atomic;
/**
* @author zhuzhisheng
* @Description
* @date on 2016/5/26.
*/
public class NormalBoolean implements Runnable{
public static boolean exits = false;
private String name;
public NormalBoolean(String name){
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public void run() {
if(!exits){
exits = true;
System.out.println(name + ",step 1");
System.out.println(name + ",step 2");
System.out.println(name + ",step 3");
exits = false;
} else {
System.out.println(name + ",step else");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new NormalBoolean("張三").run();
}
}
然而,當多線程執行時,就會出現在執行判斷之後的命令時,會有其他線程插入,變更exits的值。如下段代碼:
package com.secbro.test.atomic;
/**
* @author zhuzhisheng
* @Description
* @date on 2016/5/26.
*/
public class NormalBoolean2 implements Runnable{
public static boolean exits = false;
private String name;
public NormalBoolean2(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public void run() {
if(!exits){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
exits = true;
System.out.println(name + ",step 1");
System.out.println(name + ",step 2");
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(name + ",step 3");
exits = false;
} else {
System.out.println(name + ",step else");
}
}
}
然而,當多線程執行時,就會出現在執行判斷之後的命令時,會有其他線程插入,變更exits的值。如下段代碼:
package com.secbro.test.atomic;
/**
* @author zhuzhisheng
* @Description
* @date on 2016/5/26.
*/
public class NormalBoolean2 implements Runnable{
public static boolean exits = false;
private String name;
public NormalBoolean2(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public void run() {
if(!exits){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
exits = true;
System.out.println(name + ",step 1");
System.out.println(name + ",step 2");
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(name + ",step 3");
exits = false;
} else {
System.out.println(name + ",step else");
}
}
}
同時執行兩線程,打印結果爲:
張三,step 1
李四,step 1
張三,step 2
李四,step 2
張三,step 3
李四,step 3
現在,使用AtomicBoolean就可以確保多線程的情況下安全的運行,只有一個線程進行業務處理。
package com.secbro.test.atomic;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
/**
* @author zhuzhisheng
* @Description
* @date on 2016/5/26.
*/
public class TestAtomicBoolean implements Runnable{
public static AtomicBoolean exits = new AtomicBoolean(false);
private String name;
public TestAtomicBoolean(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public void run() {
if(exits.compareAndSet(false,true)){
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(name + ",step 1");
System.out.println(name + ",step 2");
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(name + ",step 3");
exits.set(false);
} else {
System.out.println(name + ",step else");
}
}
}
當兩個線程執行此類時,打印結果如下:
張三,step else
李四,step 1
李四,step 2
李四,step 3
測試類:
package com.secbro.test.atomic;
/**
* @author zhuzhisheng
* @Description
* @date on 2016/5/26.
*/
public class TestBoolean {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Thread thread1 = new Thread(new NormalBoolean2("李四"));
Thread thread2 = new Thread(new NormalBoolean2("張三"));
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
//-------------------------------------------------------
Thread thread3 = new Thread(new TestAtomicBoolean("李四"));
Thread thread4 = new Thread(new TestAtomicBoolean("張三"));
thread3.start();
thread4.start();
}
}
轉載自:http://blog.csdn.net/wo541075754/article/details/51509586