A quick sort first selects a value, which is called the pivot value. Although there are many different ways to choose the pivot value, we will simply use the first item in the list. The role of the pivot value is to assist with splitting the list. The actual position where the pivot value belongs in the final sorted list, commonly called the split point, will be used to divide the list for subsequent calls to the quick sort.
for each (unsorted) partition
set first element as pivot
storeIndex = pivotIndex + 1
for i = pivotIndex + 1 to rightmostIndex
if element[i] < element[pivot]
swap(i, storeIndex); storeIndex++
swap(pivot, storeIndex - 1)1．先從數列中取出一個數作爲基準數。
2．分區過程，將比這個數大的數全放到它的右邊，小於或等於它的數全放到它的左邊。
3．再對左右區間重複第二步，直到各區間只有一個數。
快速排序由於排序效率在同爲O(N*logN)的幾種排序方法中效率較高，
__author__ = 'jenny'
def quickSort(alist):
quickSortHelper(alist,0,len(alist)-1)
def quickSortHelper(alist,first,last):
if first<last:
splitpoint = partition(alist,first,last)
quickSortHelper(alist,first,splitpoint-1)
quickSortHelper(alist,splitpoint+1,last)
def partition(alist,first,last):
pivotvalue = alist[first]
leftmark = first+1
rightmark = last
done = False
while not done:
while leftmark <= rightmark and alist[leftmark] <= pivotvalue:
leftmark = leftmark + 1
while alist[rightmark] >= pivotvalue and rightmark >= leftmark:
rightmark = rightmark -1
if rightmark < leftmark:
done = True
else:
temp = alist[leftmark]
alist[leftmark] = alist[rightmark]
alist[rightmark] = temp
temp = alist[first]
alist[first] = alist[rightmark]
alist[rightmark] = temp
return rightmark
alist = [54,26,93,17,77,31,44,55,20]
quickSort(alist)
print(alist)
Q-46: Given the following list of numbers [14, 17, 13, 15, 19, 10, 3, 16, 9, 12] which answer shows the contents of the list after the second partitioning according to the quicksort algorithm?
[9, 3, 10, 13, 12, 14, 19, 16, 15, 17]
The first partitioning works on the entire list, and the second partitioning works on the left partition.
Q-47: Given the following list of numbers [1, 20, 11, 5, 2, 9, 16, 14, 13, 19] what would be the first pivot value using the median of 3 method?
9
the three numbers used in selecting the pivot are 1, 9, 19. 9 is the median. 19 would be a bad choice since it is almost the largest.
Q-48: Which of the following sort algorithms are guaranteed to be O(n log n) even in the worst case?
2: Merge Sort is the only guaranteed O(n log n) even in the worst case. The cost is that merge sort uses more memory.
Quick sort can be O(n log n), but if the pivot points are not well chosen and the list is just so, it can be O(n^2).
