九、用戶文件上傳下載
（一）、後臺數據庫上傳文件
設置上傳文件的上傳位置，settings.py 中設置
MEDIA_URL = '/media/' # MEDIA_URL是指從瀏覽器訪問時的地址前綴 MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media') # 上傳文件保存的根目錄上下文處理說明，settings.py 中設置
TEMPLATES = [ ...... 'OPTIONS': { 'context_processors': [ ...... 'django.core.context_processors.media', ......上傳文件訪問url設置，urls.py中設置
from django.views.static import serve from mxonline2.settings import MEDIA_ROOT urlpatterns = [ ...... # 配置上傳文件的訪問處理函數 url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$',serve,{"document_root":MEDIA_ROOT}) ...... ]html文件中訪問
<img data-url="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ org.image}} /> # org指的是一個對象的實例
（二）、用戶上傳文件
定義modelform
class UploadImageModelForm(forms.ModelForm): #定義modelform class Meta: model=UserProfile fields=['image',]url配置
# 修改頭像 url(r'^upload/image/$', UploadImageView.as_view(), name='upload_image'),定義View
class UploadImageView(LoginRequiredMixin,View): def post(self,request): # 上傳文件必須傳request.FILES參數，instance保證modelform.save()時，是進行update() image_form = UploadImageModelForm(request.POST,request.FILES,instance=request.user) if image_form.is_valid(): image_form.save() # 會調用model.save()方法 return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'status': 'success'}), content_type='application/json') return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'status': 'fail'}), content_type='application/json') # 另外一種更改數據庫圖像的方法 # image_form = UploadImageModelForm(request.POST,request.FILES) # 不上傳instance實例 # if image_form.is_valid(): # image=image_form.cleaned_data['image'] # request.user.image=image # request.user.save()html文件（form表單）
<form class="clearfix" id="jsAvatarForm" enctype="multipart/form-data" autocomplete="off" method="post" action="{% url 'user_center:upload_image' %}" target='frameFile'> <label class="changearea" for="avatarUp"> <span id="avatardiv" class="pic"> <img width="100" height="100" class="js-img-show" id="avatarShow" src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ user.image }}"/> </span> <span class="fl upload-inp-box" style="margin-left:70px;"> <span class="button btn-green btn-w100" id="jsAvatarBtn">修改頭像</span> <input type="file" name="image" id="avatarUp" class="js-img-up"/> </span> </label> {% csrf_token %} </form>
（三）、用戶下載資料
<li>
<span><i class="aui-iconfont aui-icon-file"></i> {{ resource.name }}</span>
<a href="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ resource.resource_file }}" # 鏈接文件的路徑，
class="downcode" target="_blank" download="" data-id="274" title="">下載</a>
</li>十、xadmin集成富文本編輯器
參考網址：https://github.com/zhangfisher/DjangoUeditor
一、安裝
1. pip install DjangoUeditor 或者運行：python setup.py install 方法安裝。但可能會出現各種問題，建議直接將原碼複製到項目的方法安裝
2. 在Django中安裝DjangoUeditor 在INSTALL_APPS裏面增加DjangoUeditor app，如下： INSTALLED_APPS = ( #…….. ‘DjangoUeditor’, )
3. 配置urls url(r’^ueditor/’,include(‘DjangoUeditor.urls’ )),
4. 在models中的使用：
from DjangoUeditor.models import UEditorField
class Blog(models.Model):
Name=models.CharField(,max_length=100,blank=True)
Content=UEditorField(u'內容 ',width=600, height=300, toolbars="full", imagePath="", filePath="", upload_settings={"imageMaxSize":1204000},
settings={},command=None,event_handler=myEventHander(),blank=True) # 部分參數可以省略，imagePath\filePath需要配置二、xadmin文件包中配置
/xadmin/plugins/文件夾下添加 ueditor.py文件
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import xadmin from xadmin.views import BaseAdminPlugin, CreateAdminView, ModelFormAdminView, UpdateAdminView from DjangoUeditor.models import UEditorField from DjangoUeditor.widgets import UEditorWidget from django.conf import settings class XadminUEditorWidget(UEditorWidget): def __init__(self,**kwargs): self.ueditor_options=kwargs self.Media.js = None super(XadminUEditorWidget,self).__init__(kwargs) class UeditorPlugin(BaseAdminPlugin): def get_field_style(self, attrs, db_field, style, **kwargs): if style == 'ueditor': if isinstance(db_field, UEditorField): widget = db_field.formfield().widget param = {} param.update(widget.ueditor_settings) param.update(widget.attrs) return {'widget': XadminUEditorWidget(**param)} return attrs def block_extrahead(self, context, nodes): js = '<script type="text/javascript" src="%s"></script>' % (settings.STATIC_URL + "ueditor/ueditor.config.js") #自己的靜態目錄 js += '<script type="text/javascript" src="%s"></script>' % (settings.STATIC_URL + "ueditor/ueditor.all.min.js") #自己的靜態目錄 nodes.append(js) xadmin.site.register_plugin(UeditorPlugin, UpdateAdminView) xadmin.site.register_plugin(UeditorPlugin, CreateAdminView)在/xadmin/plugins/init()內添加
PLUGINS = ( ...... 'ueditor' # 與ueditor.py文件名保持一致 )
三、在adminx.py相應的類中添加，如：
class CourseAdmin(object):
.....
style_fields={'detail':'ueditor'}四、前端頁面使用
出於安全的考慮，django默認將html代碼轉意爲字符文本，而ueditor字段，按照html代碼存在數據庫
如：course-detail.html文件中，
......
{% autoescape off %}
{{ course.detail }}
{% endautoescape %}
......十一、excel導入插件製作
插件製作文檔：https://xadmin.readthedocs.io/en/latest/make_plugin.html
一、xadmin中添加插件文件excel.py
xadmin/plugins/excel.py
# coding:utf-8
import xadmin
from xadmin.views import BaseAdminPlugin, ListAdminView
from django.template import loader
#excel 導入
class ListImportExcelPlugin(BaseAdminPlugin):
import_excel = False
def init_request(self, *args, **kwargs):
return bool(self.import_excel)
def block_top_toolbar(self, context, nodes): # top_toolbar 爲插入點名稱
nodes.append(loader.render_to_string('xadmin/excel/model_list.top_toolbar.import.html', context_instance=context))
xadmin.site.register_plugin(ListImportExcelPlugin, ListAdminView)二、xadmin中添加html模板文件
xadmin/templates/xadmin/excel/model_list.top_toobar.import.html
{% load i18n %}
<div class="btn-group export">
<a class="dropdown-toggle btn btn-default btn-sm" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#">
<i class="icon-share"></i> 導入 <span class="caret"></span>
</a>
<ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu" aria-labelledby="dLabel">
<li><a data-toggle="modal" data-target="#export-modal-import-excel"><i class="icon-circle-arrow-down"></i> 導入 Excel</a></li>
</ul>
<script>
function fileChange(target){
//檢測上傳文件的類型
var imgName = document.all.submit_upload.value;
var ext,idx;
if (imgName == ''){
document.all.submit_upload_b.disabled=true;
alert("請選擇需要上傳的 xls 文件!");
return;
} else {
idx = imgName.lastIndexOf(".");
if (idx != -1){
ext = imgName.substr(idx+1).toUpperCase();
ext = ext.toLowerCase( );
{# alert("ext="+ext);#}
if (ext != 'xls' && ext != 'xlsx'){
document.all.submit_upload_b.disabled=true;
alert("只能上傳 .xls 類型的文件!");
return;
}
} else {
document.all.submit_upload_b.disabled=true;
alert("只能上傳 .xls 類型的文件!");
return;
}
}
}
</script>
<div id="export-modal-import-excel" class="modal fade">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<form method="post" action="" enctype="multipart/form-data">
{% csrf_token %}
<div class="modal-header">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button>
<h4 class="modal-title">導入 Excel</h4>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<input type="file" onchange="fileChange(this)" name="excel" id="submit_upload">
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default" data-dismiss="modal">{% trans "Close" %}</button>
<button class="btn btn-success" type="submit" id="submit_upload_b"><i class="icon-share"></i> 導入</button>
</div>
</form>
</div><!-- /.modal-content -->
</div><!-- /.modal-dalog -->
</div><!-- /.modal -->
</div>三、在/xadmin/plugins/_init_()內添加
PLUGINS = (
......
'excel' # 與excel.py文件名保持一致
)四、將插件引入到頁面，並重載post函數，如：
courses\adminx.py
class CourseAdmin(object):
......
import_excel=True # 引入插件的判斷
......
def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
if 'excel' in request.FILES:
# 寫自己的邏輯，以下爲網絡摘抄，未經驗證
wb = xlrd.open_workbook(filename=None, file_contents=request.FILES['excel'].read())
table = wb.sheets()[0]
row = table.nrows
sql_list = []
org_id_list = []
for i in xrange(1,row):
col = table.row_values(i)
sql = Course( # 此處不應該寫死，容易導入錯誤，應能自動識別相關順序
degree=col[0],
learn_time=col[1],
detail=col[2],
desc=col[3],
students=col[4],
fav_nums=col[5],
name=col[6],
image=col[7],
click_nums=col[8],
course_org_id=col[10],
category=col[11],
tag=col[12],
teacher_id=col[13],
learn_what=col[14],
need_know=col[15],
notice=col[16],
is_banner=col[17],
)
sql_list.append(sql)
org_id_list.append(col[10])
Course.objects.bulk_create(sql_list)
#更新excel文件中機構包含的課程數
for id in org_id_list:
org = CourseOrg.objects.get(id=int(id))
org_course_nums = org.course_set.all().count()
org.course_nums = org_course_nums
org.save()
# 調用父類的post
return super(CourseAdmin, self).post(request, args, kwargs) 
