文章目錄
SpringMVC基礎
一、入門案例
1.創建web項目
2. 導入jar包
3. 編輯web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>SpringMVC-01</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 核心控制器配置 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 加載springmvc的核心配置文件 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>ContextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
4. 創建SpringMVC.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置controller掃描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lld.springmvc.controller" />
</beans>
5. 創建Controller
package com.lld.springmvc.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
//註解開發（表示這是web層）
@Controller
public class HelloControll {
//在地址欄上輸入的地址
@RequestMapping("hello")
public ModelAndView hello(){
System.out.println("hello spring....");
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
//設置模型數據，用於傳遞到jsp
mav.addObject("msg", "hello SpringMVC...");
//設置跳轉的路徑
mav.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp");
return mav;
}
}
6. 編寫jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>消息提示頁面</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>
7. 測試
8. SpringMVC代碼執行流程
二、完成商品列表加載
1. 複製剛纔的項目
2. 引入jsp頁面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>查詢商品列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/queryItem.action" method="post">
查詢條件：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="查詢"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
商品列表：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td>商品名稱</td>
<td>商品價格</td>
<td>生產日期</td>
<td>商品描述</td>
<td>操作</td>
</tr>
<c:forEach items="${itemList }" var="item">
<tr>
<td>${item.name }</td>
<td>${item.price }</td>
<td><fmt:formatDate value="${item.createtime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/></td>
<td>${item.detail }</td>
<td><a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/itemEdit.action?id=${item.id}">修改</a></td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
3. 編寫model
package com.lld.springmvc.model;
import java.util.Date;
public class items {
// 商品id
private int id;
// 商品名稱
private String name;
// 商品價格
private double price;
// 商品創建時間
private Date createtime;
// 商品描述
private String detail;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public double getPrice() {
return price;
}
public void setPrice(double price) {
this.price = price;
}
public Date getCreatetime() {
return createtime;
}
public void setCreatetime(Date createtime) {
this.createtime = createtime;
}
public String getDetail() {
return detail;
}
public void setDetail(String detail) {
this.detail = detail;
}
public items(int id, String name, double price, Date createtime, String detail) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.price = price;
this.createtime = createtime;
this.detail = detail;
}
public items() {
super();
}
}
4. 編寫controller
package com.lld.springmvc.controller;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.lld.springmvc.model.items;
@Controller
public class itemsControll {
@RequestMapping("itemsList")
public ModelAndView itemsList(){
//模擬數據
List<items> list = Arrays.asList(new items(1, "段黑", 55, new Date(), "很黑"),
new items(2, "曲禿", 66, new Date(), "很禿"),
new items(3, "張渣", 35, new Date(), "很渣"),
new items(4, "高莽夫", 45, new Date(), "很莽夫"));
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
//將數據轉發
mav.addObject("itemList", list);
//設置跳轉路徑
//mav.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/itemList.jsp");
mav.setViewName("itemList");
return mav;
}
}
5. 編輯SpringMVC.xml
- 設置返回視圖的前綴和後綴
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置controller掃描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lld.springmvc.controller" />
<!-- 配置處理器映射器 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/> -->
<!-- 配置處理器適配器-->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/> -->
<!-- 配置註解驅動，相當於同時使用最新處理器映射跟處理器適配器,對json數據響應提供支持 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 配置視圖解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 設置前綴 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 設置後綴 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
6. 測試
三、SpringMVC架構
1. 處理器映射器
從spring3.1版本開始，廢除了DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping的使用，推薦使用RequestMappingHandlerMapping完成註解式處理器映射。
<!-- 配置處理器映射器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
2. 處理器適配器
從spring3.1版本開始，廢除了AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter的使用，推薦使用RequestMappingHandlerAdapter完成註解式處理器適配。
<!-- 處理器適配器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter" />
3.小結
映射器與適配器必需配套使用，如果映射器使用了推薦的RequestMappingHandlerMapping，適配器也必需使用推薦的RequestMappingHandlerAdapter。
4. 註解驅動
<!-- 註解驅動配置，代替映射器與適配器的單獨配置，同時支持json響應(推薦使用) -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
5. 視圖解析器
- 配置視圖的前綴和後綴
<!-- 配置視圖解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 配置視圖響應的前綴 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<!-- 配置視圖響應的後綴 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
6. SpringMVC架構總結
四、SpringMVC和MyBatis整合
1. Dao層
- sqlMapConfig.xml：空文件即可
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
</configuration>
- applicationContext-dao.xml
- 數據庫連接池
- SqlSessionFactory對象
- 配置mapper文件掃描器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 加載配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
<!-- 數據庫連接池 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<property name="maxActive" value="10" />
<property name="maxIdle" value="5" />
</bean>
<!-- SqlSessionFactory配置 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 加載mybatis核心配置文件 -->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:sqlMapConfig.xml" />
<!-- 別名包掃描 -->
<property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.lld.springmvc.model" />
</bean>
<!-- 動態代理，第二種方式：包掃描（推薦）： -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- basePackage多個包用","分隔 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.lld.springmvc.mapper" />
</bean>
</beans>
2. Service層
- applicationContext-service.xml：配置包掃描（掃描@service註解的類）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置@Service包掃描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lld.springmvc.service"/>
</beans>
- applicationContext-trans.xml：配置事務管理器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 事務管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 數據源 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
3. Controller層
- SpringMVC.xml
- 配置包掃描器，掃描@Controller註解的類
- 配置註解驅動
- 視圖解析器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置controller掃描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lld.springmvc.controller" />
<!-- 配置處理器映射器 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/> -->
<!-- 配置處理器適配器-->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/> -->
<!-- 配置註解驅動，相當於同時使用最新處理器映射跟處理器適配器,對json數據響應提供支持 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 配置視圖解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 設置前綴 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 設置後綴 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
4. web.xml
- 配置spring容器監聽器
- 配置前端控制器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>SpringMVC-MyBatis</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 配置spring -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 使用監聽器加載Spring配置文件 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 解決post亂碼問題 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<!-- 設置編碼參是UTF8 -->
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 前端控制器 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc-web</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc-web</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
5. 其他
- log4j.properties
# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
- jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://39.106.68.251:3306/springmvc?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=1
五、參數綁定
1. 默認支持參數類型
/**
* 根據ID查詢商品信息，跳轉到編輯頁面
* 默認支持參數傳遞
* @param request
* @param response
* @param session
* @return
*/
/*
@RequestMapping("itemEdit")
public ModelAndView itemEdit(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,HttpSession session){
String idstr = request.getParameter("id");
Items items = itemService.getItemsById(new Integer(idstr));
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("item", items);
mav.setViewName("itemEdit");
return mav;
}*/
2. 綁定簡單參數
/**
* 頁面上傳遞的數據與入參的名稱一致時，會自動匹配
* @param model
* @param id
* @return
*/
/*@RequestMapping("itemEdit")
public String itemEdit(Model model,Integer id){
Items items = itemService.getItemsById(id);
model.addAttribute("item", items);
return "itemEdit";
}*/
/**
* 頁面上傳遞的數據是id，入參接受的數據是ids，這時使用@RequestParam(value="id")可以將ids和id進行匹配
* required=true:代表該值在傳遞的時候必須有
* defaultValue="1"：代表在沒有傳遞該值的時候，默認爲1
* @param model
* @param ids
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("itemEdit")
public String itemEdit(Model model,@RequestParam(value="id",required=true,defaultValue="1")Integer ids){
Items items = itemService.getItemsById(ids);
model.addAttribute("item", items);
return "itemEdit";
}
3. 綁定model
/**
* jsp頁面數據與items屬性一致時，會自動綁定
* 該方法用於更新商品
* 演示model參數的綁定
* @param items
* @param model
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping("updateItem")
public String updateItem(Items items,Model model){
//調用業務層更新方法，將items作爲參數進行傳遞
itemService.updateitems(items);
//將更新後的商品信息返回，並顯示更新成功提示
model.addAttribute("item", items);
model.addAttribute("msg", "商品更新完成");
//進行頁面跳轉
return "itemEdit";
}
4. 綁定包裝的model
- jsp頁面
查詢條件：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td><input type="submit" value="查詢"/></td>
<td>商品名稱<input type="text" name="items.name"></td>
<td>商品價格<input type="text" name="items.price"></td>
</tr>
</table>
- controller
@RequestMapping("queryItem")
public String queryItem(QueryVo vo,Model model){
if (vo.getItems() != null) {
System.out.println(vo.getItems());
}
//進行查詢
List<Items> list = itemService.getItemsListByNameAndPrice(vo);
model.addAttribute("itemList", list);
return "itemList";
}
- QueryVo
package com.lld.springmvc.model;
public class QueryVo {
private Items items;
public Items getItems() {
return items;
}
public void setItems(Items items) {
this.items = items;
}
}
5. 數組類型參數綁定
@RequestMapping("queryItem")
public String queryItem(QueryVo vo,Model model, Integer[] ids){
if (vo.getItems() != null) {
System.out.println(vo.getItems());
}
if (ids != null && ids.length > 0) {
for (Integer id : ids) {
System.out.println(id);
}
}
//進行查詢
//List<Items> list = itemService.getItemsListByNameAndPrice(vo);
//model.addAttribute("itemList", list);
return "itemList";
}
6. List集合綁定
六、自定義類型轉換器
- 編寫類型轉換器
package com.lld.springmvc.util;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.Converter;
/**
* S:source:要轉換的源類型
* T:要轉換的目標類型
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class DateConvert implements Converter<String, Date> {
@Override
public Date convert(String source) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Date result = null;
try {
//創建日期轉換的工具類，將要日期格式傳進去
SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
//調用parse()方法，將源傳進去，返回一個轉換好的數據
result = simpleDateFormat.parse(source);
} catch (ParseException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
}
- 在SpringMVC.xml文件裏註冊
<!-- 配置註解驅動，相當於同時使用最新處理器映射跟處理器適配器,對json數據響應提供支持 -->
<!-- 使用自定義轉換器conversion-service="轉換器的id" -->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="formattingConversionServiceFactoryBean"/>
<!-- 自定義轉換器 -->
<bean id="formattingConversionServiceFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
<property name="converters">
<set>
<bean class="com.lld.springmvc.util.DateConvert" />
</set>
</property>
</bean>
七、@RequestMapping註解使用
1. 配置多個請求地址
2. 放在類的頭部，用來分目錄管理
3. 請求方法的限定
七、方法的返回值
1. ModelAndView
2. String
- 返回到jsp頁面
![在這裏插入圖片描述]()
- 進行頁面轉發
![在這裏插入圖片描述]()
- 進行頁面重定向
![在這裏插入圖片描述]()
3. Void
- 使用request返回
![在這裏插入圖片描述]()
- 使用response返回
![在這裏插入圖片描述]()
八、異常處理
- 首先實現HandlerExceptionResolver
- 創建自定義異常
- 在頁面拋出
- 在springmvc.xml裏註冊
![在這裏插入圖片描述]()
九、圖片上傳
1.創建虛擬目錄
2. 引入文件上傳的jar包
3.修改jsp頁面
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>修改商品信息</title>
</head>
<body>
<span>
${msg }
</span>
<!-- 上傳圖片是需要指定屬性 enctype="multipart/form-data" -->
<!-- <form id="itemForm" action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> -->
<form id="itemForm" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/updateItem.action" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" >
<input type="hidden" name="id" value="${item.id }" /> 修改商品信息：
<table width="100%" border=1>
<tr>
<td>商品名稱</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name" value="${item.name }" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>商品價格</td>
<td><input type="text" name="price" value="${item.price }" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>商品生產日期</td>
<td><input type="text" name="createtime"
value="<fmt:formatDate value="${item.createtime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/>" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>商品圖片</td>
<td>
<c:if test="${item.pic !=null}">
<img src="/pic/${item.pic}" width=100 height=100/>
<br/>
</c:if>
<input type="file" name="pictureFile"/>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>商品簡介</td>
<td><textarea rows="3" cols="30" name="detail">${item.detail }</textarea>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" align="center"><input type="submit" value="提交" />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
4. 編寫controller
@RequestMapping("updateItem")
public String updateItem(Items items,Model model,MultipartFile pictureFile) throws Exception{
//獲得一個隨機生成的新文件名
String newName = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
//獲取原文件名
String oldName = pictureFile.getOriginalFilename();
//獲取上傳文件的後綴
String hz = oldName.substring(oldName.lastIndexOf("."));
//創建一個File流，設置文件保存位置
File file = new File("D:\\桌面\\pic\\"+newName+hz);
//傳入一個IO流，SpringMVC會自動將上傳的文件保存到指定位置
pictureFile.transferTo(file);
items.setPic(newName+hz);
//調用業務層更新方法，將items作爲參數進行傳遞
itemService.updateitems(items);
//將更新後的商品信息返回，並顯示更新成功提示
model.addAttribute("item", items);
model.addAttribute("msg", "商品更新完成");
//進行頁面跳轉
//return "itemEdit";
//進行頁面轉發到action
//return "forward:itemsList.action";
//進行頁面重定向
return "redirect:itemsList.action";
}
5.在springMVC.xml裏面配置多媒體解析器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 配置controller掃描包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.lld.springmvc.controller" />
<!-- 配置處理器映射器 -->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/> -->
<!-- 配置處理器適配器-->
<!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/> -->
<!-- 配置註解驅動，相當於同時使用最新處理器映射跟處理器適配器,對json數據響應提供支持 -->
<!-- 使用自定義轉換器conversion-service="轉換器的id" -->
<mvc:annotation-driven conversion-service="formattingConversionServiceFactoryBean"/>
<!-- 自定義轉換器 -->
<bean id="formattingConversionServiceFactoryBean" class="org.springframework.format.support.FormattingConversionServiceFactoryBean">
<property name="converters">
<set>
<bean class="com.lld.springmvc.util.DateConvert" />
</set>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置視圖解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 設置前綴 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 設置後綴 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置全局異常處理器 -->
<bean class="com.lld.springmvc.exception.CustomerException"/>
<!-- 配置多媒體處理器 -->
<!-- 注意：這裏id必須填寫：multipartResolver -->
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 最大上傳文件大小 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="8388608" />
</bean>
</beans>
十、json交互
1.引入jar包
- springMVC提供了兩個註解來進行json的轉換
2.json的返回
3. json的接收![在這裏插入圖片描述]()
4. SpringMVC的配置（之前進行配置過）
十一、SpringMVC實現Restful
1. 編碼
/**
* RESTful風格演示
*
* @param ids
* @param model
* @return
*/
//RESTful風格url上的參數通過{}點位符綁定
//點位符參數名與方法參數名不一致時，通過@PathVariable綁定
@RequestMapping("{id}")
public String testRest(@PathVariable("id") Integer ids, Model model) {
Items item = itemService.getItemsById(ids);
model.addAttribute("item", item);
return "itemEdit";
}
2. 測試
十二、攔截器
- 要實現HandlerInterceptor接口
1. 入門配置
- 創建類，實現HandlerInterceptor接口
package com.lld.springmvc.interceptor;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
public class MyInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
//在Controller方法執行後被執行
//處理異常、記錄日誌
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)
throws Exception {
System.out.println("afterCompletion");
}
//在Controller方法執行後，返回ModelAndView之前被執行
//設置或者清理頁面共用參數等等
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3)
throws Exception {
System.out.println("postHandle");
}
//在Controller方法執行前被執行
//登錄攔截、權限認證等等
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2) throws Exception {
System.out.println("preHandle");
//true表示放行
//false表示不放行
return true;
}
}
- 在SpringMVC中進行配置
<!-- 自定義攔截器配置 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<!-- 定義一個攔截器 -->
<mvc:interceptor>
<!-- path配置</**>攔截所有請求，包括二級以上目錄，</*>攔截所有請求，不包括二級以上目錄 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.lld.springmvc.interceptor.MyInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
2.實現簡易登錄攔截器
-
思路
1. 編寫user.jsp頁面，頁面提交到/user/login.action 2. 密碼正確，將用戶名存儲到session，跳轉到列表頁面 3. 攔截器中獲取session，獲取用戶名，如果爲空，跳轉到登錄頁面 -
login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>用戶登錄</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/user/login.action">
用戶名：<input type="text" name="username" /><br>
密碼：<input type="password" name="password" /><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
- userController.java
package com.lld.springmvc.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@RequestMapping("user")
@Controller
public class userController {
@RequestMapping("login")
public String login(String username,String password,HttpSession session,Model model) {
if (username.equals("admin") && password.equals("123")) {
session.setAttribute("username", username);
return "redirect:/itemsList.action";
}else {
return "login";
}
}
@RequestMapping("tologin")
public String loginUI(){
return "login";
}
}
- userInterceptor.java
package com.lld.springmvc.interceptor;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
public class userInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)
throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3)
throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object object) throws Exception {
//獲取session,獲取session中名爲username的數據
Object object2 = request.getSession().getAttribute("username");
if (object2 == null) {
//說明沒有登陸,跳轉到登錄頁面
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/user/tologin.action");
}else {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
- SpringMVC.xml
<!-- 自定義攔截器配置 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<!-- 定義一個攔截器 -->
<mvc:interceptor>
<!-- path配置</**>攔截所有請求，包括二級以上目錄，</*>攔截所有請求，不包括二級以上目錄 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean class="com.lld.springmvc.interceptor.MyInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 定義一個攔截器 -->
<mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 要攔截的部分 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<!-- 排除的攔截部分 -->
<mvc:exclude-mapping path="/user/**"/>
<!-- 攔截器地址 -->
<bean class="com.lld.springmvc.interceptor.userInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
頁面提交時間格式轉換
頁面提交上來一個String類型的數據，要往domain裏的Date裏面存儲會出現格式不匹配的情況
- 解決方法
![在這裏插入圖片描述]()
