摘要:
MongoDB 3.0 安全權限訪問控制,在添加用戶上面3.0版本和之前的版本有很大的區別,這裏就說明下3.0的添加用戶的方法。
環境、測試:
在安裝MongoDB之後,先關閉auth認證,進入查看數據庫,只有一個local庫,admin庫是不存在的:
root@zhoujinyi:/usr/local/mongo4# mongo --port=27020 MongoDB shell version: 3.0.4 connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27020/test 2015-06-29T09:31:08.673-0400 I CONTROL [initandlisten] > show dbs; local 0.078GB
現在需要創建一個帳號,該賬號需要有grant權限,即:賬號管理的授權權限。注意一點,帳號是跟着庫走的,所以在指定庫裏授權,必須也在指定庫裏驗證(auth)。
現在需要創建一個帳號,該賬號需要有grant權限,即:賬號管理的授權權限。注意一點,帳號是跟着庫走的,所以在指定庫裏授權,必須也在指定庫裏驗證(auth)。> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.createUser(
... {
... user: "dba",
... pwd: "dba",
... roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]
... }
... )
Successfully added user: {
"user" : "dba",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
"db" : "admin"
}
]
}
Built-In Roles(內置角色):
1. 數據庫用戶角色:read、readWrite;
2. 數據庫管理角色:dbAdmin、dbOwner、userAdmin;
3. 集羣管理角色:clusterAdmin、clusterManager、clusterMonitor、hostManager;
4. 備份恢復角色:backup、restore;
5. 所有數據庫角色:readAnyDatabase、readWriteAnyDatabase、userAdminAnyDatabase、dbAdminAnyDatabase
6. 超級用戶角色:root
// 這裏還有幾個角色間接或直接提供了系統超級用戶的訪問(dbOwner 、userAdmin、userAdminAnyDatabase)
7. 內部角色:__system
具體角色Read:允許用戶讀取指定數據庫
readWrite:允許用戶讀寫指定數據庫
dbAdmin:允許用戶在指定數據庫中執行管理函數,如索引創建、刪除,查看統計或訪問system.profile
userAdmin:允許用戶向system.users集合寫入,可以找指定數據庫裏創建、刪除和管理用戶
clusterAdmin:只在admin數據庫中可用,賦予用戶所有分片和複製集相關函數的管理權限。
readAnyDatabase:只在admin數據庫中可用,賦予用戶所有數據庫的讀權限
readWriteAnyDatabase:只在admin數據庫中可用,賦予用戶所有數據庫的讀寫權限
userAdminAnyDatabase:只在admin數據庫中可用,賦予用戶所有數據庫的userAdmin權限
dbAdminAnyDatabase:只在admin數據庫中可用,賦予用戶所有數據庫的dbAdmin權限。
root:只在admin數據庫中可用。超級賬號,超級權限
root@zhoujinyi:/usr/local/mongo4# mongo --port=27020
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.4
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27020/test
> show dbs; ####沒有驗證,導致沒權限。
2015-06-29T10:02:16.634-0400 E QUERY Error: listDatabases failed:{
"ok" : 0,
"errmsg" : "not authorized on admin to execute command { listDatabases: 1.0 }",
"code" : 13
}
at Error (<anonymous>)
at Mongo.getDBs (src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:47:15)
at shellHelper.show (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:630:33)
at shellHelper (src/mongo/shell/utils.js:524:36)
at (shellhelp2):1:1 at src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:47
> use admin #驗證,因爲在admin下面添加的帳號,所以要到admin下面驗證。
switched to db admin
> db.auth('dba','dba')
1
> show dbs;
admin 0.078GB
local 0.078GB
> use test #在test庫裏創建帳號
switched to db test
> db.createUser(
... {
... user: "zjyr",
... pwd: "zjyr",
... roles: [
... { role: "read", db: "test" } #只讀帳號
... ]
... }
... )
Successfully added user: {
"user" : "zjyr",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "read",
"db" : "test"
}
]
}
> db.createUser(
... {
... user: "zjy",
... pwd: "zjy",
... roles: [
... { role: "readWrite", db: "test" } #讀寫帳號
... ]
... }
... )
Successfully added user: {
"user" : "zjy",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "readWrite", #讀寫賬號
"db" : "test"
}
]
}
> show users; #查看當前庫下的用戶
{
"_id" : "test.zjyr",
"user" : "zjyr",
"db" : "test",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "read",
"db" : "test"
}
]
}
{
"_id" : "test.zjy",
"user" : "zjy",
"db" : "test",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "readWrite",
"db" : "test"
}
]
}
> db.auth('dba','dba')
1
> db.createUser(
... {
... user: "zhoujinyi",
... pwd: "zhoujinyi",
... roles: [
... { role: "root", db: "admin" } #超級root帳號
... ]
... }
... )
Successfully added user: {
"user" : "zhoujinyi",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "root",
"db" : "admin"
}
]
}
>
> show users; #查看當前庫下的用戶
{
"_id" : "admin.dba",
"user" : "dba",
"db" : "admin",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
"db" : "admin"
}
]
}
{
"_id" : "admin.zhoujinyi",
"user" : "zhoujinyi",
"db" : "admin",
"roles" : [
{
"role" : "root",
"db" : "admin"
}
]
}
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.auth('zhoujinyi','zhoujinyi')
1
> use test
switched to db test
> db.abc.insert({"a":1,"b":2})
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.abc.insert({"a":1111,"b":2222}) #權限都有
WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })
> db.abc.find()
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5591539bb78649ebd8316857"), "a" : 1, "b" : 2 }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("559153a0b78649ebd8316858"), "a" : 1111, "b" : 2222 }
> db.abc.remove({})
WriteResult({ "nRemoved" : 2 })
> use admin
switched to db admin
> db.auth('dba','dba')
1
> db.system.users.find().pretty()