NHibernate學習之一——如何配置NHibernate

一、基礎介紹

1.Hibernate是Java中比較流行的ORM框架，他在.NET中有一個對應的版本叫NHibernate，在EF出來之前NHibernate是.NET中常用的ORM框架；

二、配置NHibernate

1.配置環境：NHibernate版本爲3.3.3.4001，VS2012，SqlServer2012;

2.項目整體結構如下圖：

其中DB爲數據訪問層，Entitys爲實體，Mappings爲實體對應的配置。

3.我們可以使用VS2012自帶的NuGet程序包管理器來下載和安裝NHibernate，打開該工具包之後輸入NHibernate搜索，找到之後點擊安裝即可，他會爲當前項目自動安裝並將所需的dll引入到項目中，同時會在項目下面生產一個packages文件夾用於存放所需的dll等文件。當然我們也可以自己去官網下載，手動引入，建議還是使用這個工具比較方便；

4.添加實體對象：實體和數據庫中的表是對應的

namespace NHibernateTest.Entitys
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 用戶登錄日誌
    /// </summary>
    public class PM_LoginLog
    {
        #region Properties

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置登錄用戶ID
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string UserID
        {
            get;
            set;
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置登錄用戶名
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string UserName
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置登錄用戶密碼
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string PassWord
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置登錄時間
        /// </summary>
        public virtual DateTime LoginDT
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置退出時間
        /// </summary>
        public virtual DateTime LogoutDT
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置是否記住密碼 0=未記住密碼 1=已記住密碼
        /// </summary>
        public virtual byte RememberPassWord
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置是否刪除 0=未刪除 1=已刪除
        /// </summary>
        public virtual byte IsDelete
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 是否正常退出 0=未正常退出 1=已正常退出
        /// </summary>
        public virtual byte IsNormalExit
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

namespace NHibernateTest.Entitys
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 用戶信息實體類
    /// </summary>
    public class PM_Users
    {
        #region Properties

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置用戶ID
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string UserID
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置用戶姓名
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string UserName
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置用戶密碼
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string PassWord
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置用戶角色，0=普通角色 1=管理員角色
        /// </summary>
        public virtual byte Roles
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置傳真
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string Fax
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置電話號碼
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string TelPhone
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置地址
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string Address
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置郵箱地址
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string MailAddress
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置創建用戶ID
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string CreateUserID
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置創建時間
        /// </summary>
        public virtual DateTime CreateDT
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置最後修改用戶ID
        /// </summary>
        public virtual string LastUserID
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置最後修改時間
        /// </summary>
        public virtual DateTime LastChangeDT
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置序號
        /// </summary>
        public virtual int ListOrder
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置是否刪除，0=未刪除 1=已刪除
        /// </summary>
        public virtual byte IsDelete
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取或設置性別， 0=男 1=女
        /// </summary>
        public virtual byte Sex
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 是否已登錄， 0=未登錄 1=已登錄
        /// </summary>
        public virtual byte IsLogin
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

這個地方需要注意：實體屬性必須加virtual關鍵字

5.爲實體配置xml文件：該配置文件必須以“.hbm.xml”爲後綴名，如：實體PM_LoginLog的配置文件名爲“PM_LoginLog.hbm.xml”，配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<hibernate-mapping xmlns="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" assembly="NHibernateTest" namespace="NHibernateTest.Entitys">
  <!--PM_LoginLog實體配置-->
  <class name="NHibernateTest.Entitys.PM_LoginLog,NHibernateTest" table="PM_LoginLog">
    <id name="UserID" column="UserID" type="string" unsaved-value="0">
      <generator class="increment"/>
    </id>
    <property name="UserName" column="UserName" type="string"  />
    <property name="PassWord" column="PassWord" type="string"  />
    <property name="LoginDT" column="LoginDT" type="DateTime"  />
    <property name="LogoutDT" column="LogoutDT" type="DateTime"  />
    <property name="RememberPassWord" column="RememberPassWord" type="byte"  />
    <property name="IsDelete" column="IsDelete" type="byte"  />
    <property name="IsNormalExit" column="IsNormalExit" type="byte"  />
  </class>

  <!--PM_Users實體配置，如果已經指定了assembly和namespace，class的name屬性中就不用再指定了-->
  <class name="PM_Users" table="PM_Users">
    <id name="UserID" column="UserID" type="string" unsaved-value="0">
      <generator class="increment"/>
    </id>
    <property name="UserName" column="UserName" type="string"  />
    <property name="PassWord" column="PassWord" type="string"  />
    <property name="Roles" column="Roles" type="byte"  />
    <property name="Fax" column="Fax" type="string"  />
    <property name="TelPhone" column="TelPhone" type="string"  />
    <property name="Address" column="Address" type="string"  />
    <property name="MailAddress" column="MailAddress" type="string"  />
    <property name="CreateUserID" column="Address" type="string"  />
    <property name="CreateDT" column="CreateDT" type="DateTime"  />
    <property name="LastUserID" column="LastUserID" type="string"  />
    <property name="LastChangeDT" column="LastChangeDT" type="DateTime"  />
    <property name="ListOrder" column="ListOrder" type="int"  />
    <property name="IsDelete" column="IsDelete" type="byte"  />
    <property name="Sex" column="Sex" type="byte"  />
    <property name="IsLogin" column="IsLogin" type="byte"  />
  </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

此處需要注意：必須將該文件屬性中的“生產操作”欄由“內容”改爲“嵌入的資源”，因爲NHibernate是通過查找程序集中的資源文件映射實體
6.配置數據庫，可以再應用程序配置文件裏面，也可以單獨在文件裏面配置

（1）在應用程序配置文件（App.config）裏面配置，配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <section name="hibernate-configuration" type="NHibernate.Cfg.ConfigurationSectionHandler,NHibernate"/>
  </configSections>

  <hibernate-configuration xmlns="urn:nhibernate-configuration-2.2">
    <session-factory>
      <property name="dialect">NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2012Dialect</property>
      <property name="connection.provider">NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider</property>
      <property name="connection.driver_class">NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver</property>
      <property name="connection.connection_string">
        Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=PM_Database;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;pwd=221580
      </property>
      <property name="proxyfactory.factory_class">NHibernate.Bytecode.DefaultProxyFactoryFactory,NHibernate</property>
      <property name="show_sql">true</property>
      <property name="command_timeout">10</property>
      <property name="adonet.batch_size">10</property>
      <property name="query.substitutions">true 1, false 0, yes 'Y', no 'N'</property>
      <mapping assembly="NHibernateTest"/>
    </session-factory>
  </hibernate-configuration>
</configuration>

（2）在單獨的文件裏面配置，文件名爲：hibernate.cfg.xml，需要將該文件屬性中“複製到輸出目錄”項由“不復制”改爲“始終複製”。如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<hibernate-configuration xmlns="urn:nhibernate-configuration-2.2">
  <session-factory>
    <property name="dialect">NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2012Dialect</property>
    <property name="connection.provider">NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider</property>
    <property name="connection.driver_class">NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver</property>
    <property name="connection.connection_string">
      Data Source=.;Initial Catalog=PM_Database;Persist Security Info=True;User ID=sa;pwd=221580
    </property>
    <property name="proxyfactory.factory_class">NHibernate.Bytecode.DefaultProxyFactoryFactory,NHibernate</property>
    <property name="show_sql">true</property>
    <property name="command_timeout">10</property>
    <property name="adonet.batch_size">10</property>
    <property name="query.substitutions">true 1, false 0, yes 'Y', no 'N'</property>
    <mapping assembly="NHibernateTest"/>
  </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

7.DB中的NHibernateHelper類

namespace NHibernateTest.DB
{
    public class NHibernateHelper
    {
        #region Properties

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取Session會話
        /// </summary>
        public static ISession GetSession
        {
            get
            {
                return GetSessionFactory().OpenSession();
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Private Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取Session工廠
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private static ISessionFactory GetSessionFactory()
        {
            return (new Configuration()).Configure().BuildSessionFactory();
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

8.DB中的PM_LoginLogDao

namespace NHibernateTest.DB
{
    public class PM_LoginLogDao
    {
        #region Fields

        private ISession _session = null;

        #endregion

        #region Constructors

        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化類PM_LoginLogDao的新實例
        /// </summary>
        public PM_LoginLogDao()
        {
            this._session = NHibernateHelper.GetSession;
        }

        #endregion

        #region Public Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加一條日誌記錄
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="loginLog"></param>
        public void Save(PM_LoginLog loginLog)
        {
            this._session.Save(loginLog);
            this._session.Flush();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根據登錄用戶ID獲取登錄日誌
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userID"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public PM_LoginLog GetLoginLog(string userID)
        {
            return this._session.Get<PM_LoginLog>(userID);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取所有登錄日誌
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IList<PM_LoginLog> GetAllLoginLog()
        {
            IList<PM_LoginLog> pList = null;
            pList = this._session.QueryOver<PM_LoginLog>().List();

            return pList;
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

9.DB中的PM_UsersDao

namespace NHibernateTest.DB
{
    public class PM_UsersDao
    {
          #region Fields

        private ISession _session = null;

        #endregion

        #region Constructors

        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化類PM_LoginLogDao的新實例
        /// </summary>
        public PM_UsersDao()
        {
            this._session = NHibernateHelper.GetSession;
        }

        #endregion

        #region Public Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加一條登錄用戶
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="loginLog"></param>
        public void Save(PM_Users user)
        {
            this._session.Save(user);
            this._session.Flush();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根據登錄用戶ID獲取登錄用戶
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="userID"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public PM_Users GetUser(string userID)
        {
            return this._session.Get<PM_Users>(userID);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 獲取所有用戶
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public IList<PM_Users> GetAllUser()
        {
            IList<PM_Users> pList = null;
            pList = this._session.QueryOver<PM_Users>().List();

            return pList;
        }

        #endregion
    }
}

10.調用

namespace NHibernateTest
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            PM_LoginLogDao pLoginLogDao = new PM_LoginLogDao();
            var pLoginList = pLoginLogDao.GetAllLoginLog();
            var pLogin = pLoginLogDao.GetLoginLog("katrina");

            PM_UsersDao pUserDao = new PM_UsersDao();
            var pUserList = pUserDao.GetAllUser();
            var pUsr = pUserDao.GetUser("katrina");
        }
    }
}

NHibernate學習之一——如何配置NHibernate

一、基礎介紹

二、配置NHibernate

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