《C#高級編程》第9章：集合，VectorAsCollection.cs

VectorAsCollection.cs

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace Wrox.ProCSharp.VectorAsCollection
{
    #region MainEntryPoint
    class MainEntryPoint
   {
      static void Main(string[] args)
      {
         Vector Vect1 = new Vector(1.0, 2.0, 5.0);
         foreach (double Component in Vect1)
         {
            foreach (double Next in Vect1)
               Console.Write(Next+"  ");
           
         }
         Console.WriteLine();
         Console.WriteLine("{0:IJK}",Vect1);
         Console.WriteLine();
      }
  }
    #endregion

  #region Vector
  struct Vector : IFormattable, IEnumerable
   {
      public double x, y, z;

      public IEnumerator GetEnumerator()
      {
         return new VectorEnumerator(this);
        
      }

      public Vector(double x, double y, double z)
      {
         this.x = x;
         this.y = y;
         this.z = z;
      }

      public string ToString(string format, IFormatProvider formatProvider)
      {
         if (format == null)
            return ToString();
         string formatUpper = format.ToUpper();
         switch (formatUpper)
        {
            case "N":
               return "|| " + Norm().ToString() + " ||";
            case "VE":
               return String.Format("( {0:E}, {1:E}, {2:E} )", x, y, z);
            case "IJK":
               StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(x.ToString(), 30);
               sb.Append(" i + ");
               sb.Append(y.ToString());
               sb.Append(" j + ");
               sb.Append(z.ToString());
               sb.Append(" k");
               return sb.ToString();
            default:
               return ToString();
         }
      }

      public Vector(Vector rhs)
      {
         x = rhs.x;
         y = rhs.y;
         z = rhs.z;
      }

      public override string ToString()
      {
         return "( " + x + " , " + y + " , " + z + " )";
      }

      public double this [uint i] //定義索引符
      {
         get
         {
            switch (i)
            {
               case 0:
                  return x;
               case 1:
                  return y;
               case 2:
                  return z;
               default:
                  throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(
                     "Attempt to retrieve Vector element" + i) ;
            }
         }
         set
         {
            switch (i)
            {
               case 0:
                  x = value;
                  break;
               case 1:
               y = value;
                  break;
               case 2:
                  z = value;
                  break;
               default:
                  throw new IndexOutOfRangeException(
                     "Attempt to set Vector element" + i) ;
            }
         }
      }

     
      private const double Epsilon = 0.0000001;

      public static bool operator == (Vector lhs, Vector rhs)
      {
         if (System.Math.Abs(lhs.x - rhs.x) < Epsilon &&
            System.Math.Abs(lhs.y - rhs.y) < Epsilon &&
            System.Math.Abs(lhs.z - rhs.z) < Epsilon )
            return true;
         else
            return false;
      }    

      public static bool operator != (Vector lhs, Vector rhs)
      {
         return ! (lhs == rhs);
      }

      public static Vector operator + (Vector lhs, Vector rhs)
      {
         Vector Result = new Vector(lhs);
         Result.x += rhs.x;
         Result.y += rhs.y;
         Result.z += rhs.z;
         return Result;
      }

      public static Vector operator * (double lhs, Vector rhs)
      {
         return new Vector(lhs*rhs.x, lhs*rhs.y, lhs*rhs.z);
      }

      public static Vector operator * (Vector lhs, double rhs)
      {
         return rhs*lhs;
      }

      public static double operator * (Vector lhs, Vector rhs)
      {
         return lhs.x*rhs.x + lhs.y+rhs.y + lhs.z*rhs.z;
      }

      public double Norm()
      {
         return x*x + y*y + z*z;
      }

         #region enumerator class
      private class VectorEnumerator : IEnumerator
      {
         Vector theVector;      // Vector object that this enumerator refers to
         int location;   // which element of theVector the enumerator is currently referring to

         public VectorEnumerator(Vector theVector)
         {
            this.theVector = theVector;
            location = -1;
         }

         public bool MoveNext()
         {
            ++location;
            return (location > 2) ? false : true;
         }

         public object Current
         {
            get
            {
               if (location < 0 || location > 2)
                  throw new InvalidOperationException(
                     "The enumerator is either before the first element or " +
                     "after the last element of the Vector");
               return theVector[(uint)location];
            }
         }

         public void Reset()
         {
            location = -1;
         }
      }
      #endregion

  }
  #endregion
}