自定義屬性入門和詳解

declare_styleable 寫在attr.xml或者value.xml都行 .

<resources>

<attrname="roundSelector"format="reference"/>
<attrname="rectSelector"format="reference"/>
<attrname="rectSelectorStrong"format="reference"/>

<attrname="defaultFooterColor"format="color"/>

<attrname="toolbarPopupTheme"format="reference"/>

<attrname="iconColor"format="color"/>
<attrname="dividerColor"format="color"/>

<declare-styleablename="SlidingPaneLayoutPlus">
<attrname="move_mode">
<enumname="default_"value="0"/>
<enumname="translation"value="1"/>
<enumname="scale_menu"value="2"/>
<enumname="scale_panel"value="3"/>
<enumname="scale_both"value="4"/>
<enumname="translation_scale"value="5"/>
</attr>
<attrname="compat_sliding"format="boolean"/>
</declare-styleable>


</resources>


相對應的java自定義屬性代碼行:

//查找佈局文件的styleable中的<declare-styleablename="SlidingPaneLayoutPlus">
TypedArraya=context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,R.styleable.SlidingPaneLayoutPlus);
//查找stleable對應styleable中的對應的arr<attrname="move_mode">0是默認值
this.mMode=SlidingPaneLayoutPlus.Mode.getFromInt(a.getInt(R.styleable.SlidingPaneLayoutPlus_move_mode,0));
//<attrname="compat_sliding"format="boolean"/>
this.mIsCompatSliding=a.getBoolean(R.styleable.SlidingPaneLayoutPlus_compat_sliding,false);
//typedArray要釋放
a.recycle();



我們在做項目的時候，由於Android自帶的屬性不能滿足需求，android提供了自定義屬性的方法，其中的format是做什麼用的？以及如何使用它？下面列出一些常用的。
1. reference：參考某一資源ID。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name = "名稱">
                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference" />
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
             <ImageView
                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:background = "@drawable/圖片ID"
                     />
2. color：顏色值。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name = "名稱">
                   <attr name = "textColor" format = "color" />
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
            <TextView
                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:textColor = "#00FF00"
                     />
3. boolean：布爾值。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name = "名稱">
                   <attr name = "focusable" format = "boolean" />
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
            <Button
                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                    android:layout_height = "42dip"
                    android:focusable = "true"
                    />
4. dimension：尺寸值。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name = "名稱">
                   <attr name = "layout_width" format = "dimension" />
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
            <Button
                    android:layout_width = "42dip"
                    android:layout_height = "42dip"
                    />
5. float：浮點值。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name = "AlphaAnimation">
                   <attr name = "fromAlpha" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toAlpha" format = "float" />
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
            <alpha
                   android:fromAlpha = "1.0"
                   android:toAlpha = "0.7"
                   />
6. integer：整型值。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name = "AnimatedRotateDrawable">
                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "frameDuration" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "framesCount" format="integer" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
            <animated-rotate
                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
                   android:drawable = "@drawable/圖片ID" 
                   android:pivotX = "50%" 
                   android:pivotY = "50%" 
                   android:framesCount = "12" 
                   android:frameDuration = "100"
                   />
7. string：字符串。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name = "MapView">
                   <attr name = "apiKey" format = "string" />
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
            <com.google.android.maps.MapView
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    android:apiKey = "0jOkQ80oD1JL9C6HAja99uGXCRiS2CGjKO_bc_g"
                    />
8. fraction：百分數。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name="RotateDrawable">
                   <attr name = "visible" />
                   <attr name = "fromDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "toDegrees" format = "float" />
                   <attr name = "pivotX" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "pivotY" format = "fraction" />
                   <attr name = "drawable" />
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
            <rotate
                   xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
             android:interpolator = "@anim/動畫ID"
                   android:fromDegrees = "0"
             android:toDegrees = "360"
                   android:pivotX = "200%"
                   android:pivotY = "300%"
             android:duration = "5000"
                   android:repeatMode = "restart"
                   android:repeatCount = "infinite"
                   />
9. enum：枚舉值。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name="名稱">
                   <attr name="orientation">
                          <enum name="horizontal" value="0" />
                          <enum name="vertical" value="1" />
                   </attr>           
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
            <LinearLayout
                    xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
                    android:orientation = "vertical"
                    android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                    android:layout_height = "fill_parent"
                    >
            </LinearLayout>
10. flag：位或運算。
     （1）屬性定義：
             <declare-styleable name="名稱">
                    <attr name="windowSoftInputMode">
                            <flag name = "stateUnspecified" value = "0" />
                            <flag name = "stateUnchanged" value = "1" />
                            <flag name = "stateHidden" value = "2" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysHidden" value = "3" />
                            <flag name = "stateVisible" value = "4" />
                            <flag name = "stateAlwaysVisible" value = "5" />
                            <flag name = "adjustUnspecified" value = "0x00" />
                            <flag name = "adjustResize" value = "0x10" />
                            <flag name = "adjustPan" value = "0x20" />
                            <flag name = "adjustNothing" value = "0x30" />
                     </attr>        
             </declare-styleable>
     （2）屬性使用：
            <activity
                   android:name = ".StyleAndThemeActivity"
                   android:label = "@string/app_name"
                   android:windowSoftInputMode = "stateUnspecified | stateUnchanged　|　stateHidden">
                   <intent-filter>
                          <action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                          <category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
                   </intent-filter>
             </activity>
特別要注意：
     屬性定義時可以指定多種類型值。
    （1）屬性定義：
            <declare-styleable name = "名稱">
                   <attr name = "background" format = "reference|color" />
            </declare-styleable>
    （2）屬性使用：
             <ImageView
                     android:layout_width = "42dip"
                     android:layout_height = "42dip"
                     android:background = "@drawable/圖片ID|#00FF00"
                     />
 
10.

    項目實習演練:  給TextView加一個可以從asset設置字體的屬性

   1.寫一個可以從代碼和自定義屬性中繼承控件CustomTextView

public class CustomTextView extends android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatTextView {

    String mTypefaceWord;

    public CustomTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.CustomTextView);
        mTypefaceWord = typedArray.getString(R.styleable.CustomTextView_import_typeface);
        typedArray.recycle();
        init();
    }

    public CustomTextView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        this(context, attrs, 0);

    }

    public CustomTextView(Context context) {
        this(context, null);

    }

    private void init() {

        Typeface tf = null;

        if (mTypefaceWord == null) {
            tf = Typeface.createFromAsset(getContext().getAssets(),
                    "KhmerUI_0.ttf");
        } else {
            tf = Typeface.createFromAsset(getContext().getAssets(),
                    mTypefaceWord);
        }
        setTypeface(tf);
    }
}

  stylable文件:

<declare-styleable name="CustomTextView">
    <attr name="import_typeface" format="string"/>
</declare-styleable>

注意 自定義屬性的名字不能和系統以及之前定義的名字重複 否則就會報錯