性能測試中的nnmon使用

一、先看幫助信息

[root@linux nmon]# ./nmon.sh -h
Hint: nmon.sh [-h] [-s <seconds>] [-c <count>] [-f -d <disks> -t -r <name>] [-x]
-h 查看完整的說明信息，有兩種模式：a、命令行交互式模式 (h) b、對於數據收集模式 (-f)
-f 電子表格的輸出格式 [注意：默認 -s300 -c288] 可選 (300秒*288次=86400秒=60*60*24=1天)
-s <seconds> 刷新屏幕頻率的時間 [默認 2]
-c <number> 刷新屏幕的次數 [默認 1000000]
-d <disks> to increase the number of disks [default 256]
-t spreadsheet includes top processes
-x capacity planning (每15分鐘1天 = -fdt -s 900 -c 96)
版本 - nmon 14g
對於命令行交互式模式
-s <seconds> 刷新屏幕頻率的時間 [默認 2]
-c <number> 刷新屏幕的次數 [默認 1000000]
-g <filename> User Defined Disk Groups [hit g to show them]
- file = on each line: group_name <disks list> space separated
- like: database sdb sdc sdd sde
- upto 64 disk groups, 512 disks per line
- disks can appear more than once and in many groups
-b 命令行交互模式的界面是黑色和白色 [默認的顏色]
例如: nmon.sh -s 1 -c 100 (說明：在命令行交互模式下，每秒鐘刷新一次屏幕，總共採集100次)
對於數據收集模式 = 電子表格格式（逗號分隔值）
Note: use only one of f,F,z,x or X and make it the first argument
-f 電子表格輸出格式 [注意: default -s300 -c288]
輸出文件是 <hostname>_YYYYMMDD_HHMM.nmon
-F <filename> 等同於 -f 但是使用用戶提供的文件名
-r <runname> 用於電子表格文件 [default hostname]
-t include top processes in the output
-T as -t plus saves command line arguments in UARG section
-s <seconds> 採集數據的時間
-c <number> 採集數據的次數
-d <disks> to increase the number of disks [default 256]
-l <dpl> disks/line default 150 to avoid spreadsheet issues. EMC=64.
-g <filename> User Defined Disk Groups (see above) - see BBBG & DG lines
-N include NFS Network File System
-I <percent> Include process & disks busy threshold (default 0.1)
don't save or show proc/disk using less than this percent
-m <directory> 生成的數據文件的路徑
例如：在30秒的時間間隔收集的top procs，持續1小時
nmon.sh -f -t -r Test1 -s30 -c120
To load into a spreadsheet:
sort -A *nmon >stats.csv
transfer the stats.csv file to your PC
Start spreadsheet & then Open type=comma-separated-value ASCII file
The nmon analyser or consolidator does not need the file sorted.
Capacity planning mode - use cron to run each day
-x sensible spreadsheet output for CP = one day
每15分鐘1天 ( i.e. -ft -s 900 -c 96)
-X sensible spreadsheet output for CP = busy hour
每30秒1小時 ( i.e. -ft -s 30 -c 120)
交互模式命令
key --- Toggles to control what is displayed ---
h = 聯機幫助信息
r = 機器類型，機器名，緩存信息和OS版本+LPAR
c = CPU處理器統計條形圖
l = 條形圖長期CPU（超過75個快照）
m = 內存統計
L = 巨大的內存頁面統計
V = 虛擬內存和交換統計
k = 內核內部統計
n = 網絡統計和錯誤
N = NFS網絡文件系統
d = 磁盤I/O圖
D = 磁盤I/O統計
o = 磁盤I/O映射（每個磁盤上的一個字符顯示它是多麼繁忙）
j = 文件系統
t = 頂級進程統計使用1,3,4,5來選擇數據及順序
u = 頂級進程命令的詳細信息
v = 詳細簡單的檢查 - OK/Warn(警告)/Danger(危險)
b = 黑白模式（或使用- b選項）
. = 最小模式，即只顯示繁忙的磁盤和進程
key --- Other Controls ---
+ = 雙屏幕刷新時間
- = 一半的屏幕刷新時間
q = 退出 (also x, e or control-C)
0 = 零峯計數復位 (峯值 = ">")
space = 立即刷新屏幕
Startup Control
If you find you always type the same toggles every time you start
then place them in the NMON shell variable. For example:
export NMON=cmdrvtan
Others:
a) To you want to stop nmon - kill -USR2 <nmon-pid>
b) Use -p and nmon outputs the background process pid
c) To limit the processes nmon lists (online and to a file)
Either set NMONCMD0 to NMONCMD63 to the program names
or use -C cmd:cmd:cmd etc. example: -C ksh:vi:syncd
d) If you want to pipe nmon output to other commands use a FIFO:
mkfifo /tmp/mypipe
nmon -F /tmp/mypipe &
grep /tmp/mypipe
e) If nmon fails please report it with:
1) nmon version like: 14g
2) the output of cat /proc/cpuinfo
3) some clue of what you were doing
4) I may ask you to run the debug version
Developer Nigel Griffiths
Feedback welcome - on the current release only and state exactly the problem
No warranty given or implied.

在操作系統下面輸入如下命令就會進到nmon的監控界面：

root@linux nmon]# ./nmon.sh
+nmon-14g------[H for help]---Hostname=linux--------Refresh= 2secs ---04:22.50-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| ------------------------------ For help type H or ... |
| # # # # #### # # nmon -? - hint |
| ## # ## ## # # ## # nmon -h - full |
| # # # # ## # # # # # # |
| # # # # # # # # # # To start the same way every time |
| # ## # # # # # ## set the NMON ksh variable |
| # # # # #### # # |
| ------------------------------ |
| |
| Use these keys to toggle statistics on/off: |
| c = CPU l = CPU Long-term - = Faster screen updates |
| m = Memory j = Filesystems + = Slower screen updates |
| d = Disks n = Network V = Virtual Memory |
| r = Resource N = NFS v = Verbose hints |
| k = kernel t = Top-processes . = only busy disks/procs |
| h = more options q = Quit |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

在這裏就可以看見一些指令的介紹和一些信息，其中 Refresh= 2secs 就是表示監控界面2秒鐘刷新一次，也可以在nmon命令後面跟 -s 參數來指定想要刷新的頻率，輸入 h 可以看見更詳細指令的介紹：

[java] view plain copy print ?

+nmon-14g------[H for help]---Hostname=linux--------Refresh= 2secs ---04:27.49-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| HELP ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| key --- statistics which toggle on/off --- |
| h = This help information |
| r = RS6000/pSeries CPU/cache/OS/kernel/hostname details + LPAR |
| t = Top Process Stats 1=basic 3=CPU |
| u = shows command arguments (hit twice to refresh) |
| c = CPU by processor l = longer term CPU averages |
| m = Memory & Swap stats L=Huge j = JFS Usage Stats |
| n = Network stats N = NFS |
| d = Disk I/O Graphs D=Stats o = Disks %Busy Map |
| k = Kernel stats & loadavg V = Virtual Memory |
| g = User Defined Disk Groups [start nmon with -g <filename>] |
| v = Verbose Simple Checks - OK/Warnings/Danger |
| b = black & white mode |
| --- controls --- |
| + and - = double or half the screen refresh time |
| q = quit space = refresh screen now |
| . = Minimum Mode =display only busy disks and processes |
| 0 = reset peak counts to zero (peak = ">") |
| Developer Nigel Griffiths see http://nmon.sourceforge.net |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

在這裏可以看見所有輸入的指令，以及會看到什麼內容，這裏要說一下在nmon中輸入一次 h 會看見幫助信息，在敲一次 h 就會取消顯示了，其它指令也同理，這裏輸入 r （機器類型，機器名，緩存信息和OS版本+LPAR）：

Linux and Processor Details ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Linux: Linux version 2.6.18-164.el5 ([email protected]) |
| Build: (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)) |
| Release : 2.6.18-164.el5 |
| Version : #1 SMP Tue Aug 18 15:51:54 EDT 2009 |
| cpuinfo: model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-2310M CPU @ 2.10GHz |
| cpuinfo: vendor_id : GenuineIntel |
| cpuinfo: cpu MHz : 2093.260 |
| cpuinfo: bogomips : 4186.52 |
| # of CPUs: 1 --1顆cpu |
| Machine : i686 |
| Nodename : linux --hostname |
| /etc/*ease[1]: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga) --操作系統版本 |
| /etc/*ease[2]: (null) |
| /etc/*ease[3]: (null) |
| /etc/*ease[4]: (null) |
| lsb_release: Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer |
| lsb_release: Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga) |
| lsb_release: Release: 5.4 |
| lsb_release: Codename: Tikanga |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown--------------------------------

在這裏看見一些主機和操作系統的信息，再敲一次 r 就會取消顯示了，然後輸入 t （頂級進程統計使用1,3,4,5來選擇數據及順序），然後再按數字 5 ：

Top Processes Procs=85 mode=5 (1=Basic, 3=Perf 4=Size 5=I/O)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| PID %CPU Size Res Res Res Res Shared Faults Command |
| Used KB Set Text Data Lib KB Min Maj |
| 4050 0.5 12748 10548 108 10896 0 832 84 0 nmon.sh |
| 1 0.0 2072 624 32 280 0 532 0 0 init |
| 2 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 migration/0 |
| 3 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ksoftirqd/0 |
| 4 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 watchdog/0 |
| 5 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 events/0 |
| 6 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 khelper |
| 7 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 kthread |
| 10 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 kblockd/0 |
| 11 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 kacpid |
| 67 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cqueue/0 |
| 70 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 khubd |
| 72 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 kseriod |
| 136 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 pdflush |
| 137 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 pdflush |
| 138 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 kswapd0 |
| 139 0.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 aio/0 |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown----------------------------

注意這個 mode=5 表示就是按I/O來排序了，這裏還可以選擇其它（1、3、4、5）方式排序，這裏可以看見系統有85個進程（Procs=85），5就是按佔用的cpu來排的降序，接着輸入 u （頂級進程命令的詳細信息）：

Top Processes Procs=85 mode=5 (1=Basic, 3=Perf 4=Size 5=I/O)---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| PID %CPU ResSize Command Command |
| Used KB |
| 4050 1.0 10660 ./nmon.sh |
| 1 0.0 624 init [3] |
| 2 0.0 0 [migration/0] |
| 3 0.0 0 [ksoftirqd/0] |
| 4 0.0 0 [watchdog/0] |
| 5 0.0 0 [events/0] |
| 6 0.0 0 [khelper] |
| 7 0.0 0 [kthread] |
| 10 0.0 0 [kblockd/0] |
| 11 0.0 0 [kacpid] |
| 67 0.0 0 [cqueue/0] |
| 70 0.0 0 [khubd] |
| 72 0.0 0 [kseriod] |
| 136 0.0 0 [pdflush] |
| 137 0.0 0 [pdflush] |
| 138 0.0 0 [kswapd0] |
| 139 0.0 0 [aio/0] |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown---------

以上信息都很直觀，我就不在多說了，接着看 c （CPU處理器統計條形圖）：

CPU Utilisation ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|---------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+ |
|CPU User% Sys% Wait% Idle|0 |25 |50 |75 100| |
| 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0| > | |
|---------------------------+-------------------------------------------------+ |
|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

從上面可以看見系統非常閒（Idle=100%），其中“>”代表的是系統最高cpu的使用峯值，如果按數字0就會重置峯值爲0了，接着看 l （條形圖長期CPU）：

100%-| | |
| 95%-| | |
| 90%-| | |
| 85%-| | |
| 80%-| | |
| 75%-| | |
| 70%-| | |
| 65%-| | |
| 60%-| | |
| 55%-| | |
| 50%-| | |
| 45%-| | |
| 40%-| | |
| 35%-| | |
| 30%-| | |
| 25%-| | |
| 20%-| | |
| 15%-| | |
| 10%-| | |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown-

也是cpu使用情況的另一種顯示，其中“|”和上面的“>”原理一樣，接着看 m（內存統計）：

Memory Stats ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| RAM High Low Swap Page Size=4 KB |
| Total MB 503.3 0.0 503.3 1027.6 |
| Free MB 192.3 0.0 192.3 1027.6 |
| Free Percent 38.2% 0.0% 38.2% 100.0% |
| MB MB MB |
| Cached= 200.6 Active= 107.4 |
| Buffers= 46.4 Swapcached= 0.0 Inactive = 169.7 |
| Dirty = 0.2 Writeback = 0.0 Mapped = 9.5 |
| Slab = 26.8 Commit_AS = 130.0 PageTables= 1.3

從上面可以看見swap還100%沒有使用，物理內存ram空閒38.2%，接着看 L （巨大的內存頁面統計）：

arge (Huge) Page Stats ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| There are no Huge Pages |
| - see /proc/meminfo |
|

這裏可以看見磁盤的使用情況，非常直觀，接着看 n （網絡統計和錯誤）：

Network I/O ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|I/F Name Recv=KB/s Trans=KB/s packin packout insize outsize Peak->Recv Trans |
| lo 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 |
| eth0 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.5 60.0 218.0 52.4 99.0 |
| sit0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 |
| Network Error Counters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|I/F Name iErrors iDrop iOverrun iFrame oErrors oDrop oOverrun oCarrier oColls |
| lo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 |
| eth0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 |
| sit0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 |
|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

接着看 N （NFS網絡文件系統）：

| Network Filesystem (NFS) I/O Operations per second -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Version 2 Client Server Version 3 Client Server |
| null 0.0 0.0 null 0.0 0.0 |
| getattr 0.0 0.0 getattr 0.0 0.0 |
| setattr 0.0 0.0 setattr 0.0 0.0 |
| root 0.0 0.0 lookup 0.0 0.0 |
| lookup 0.0 0.0 access 0.0 0.0 |
| readlink 0.0 0.0 readlink 0.0 0.0 |
| read 0.0 0.0 read 0.0 0.0 |
| wrcache 0.0 0.0 write 0.0 0.0 |
| write 0.0 0.0 create 0.0 0.0 |
| create 0.0 0.0 mkdir 0.0 0.0 |
| remove 0.0 0.0 symlink 0.0 0.0 |
| rename 0.0 0.0 mknod 0.0 0.0 |
| link 0.0 0.0 remove 0.0 0.0 |
| symlink 0.0 0.0 rmdir 0.0 0.0 |
| mkdir 0.0 0.0 rename 0.0 0.0 |
| rmdir 0.0 0.0 link 0.0 0.0 |
| readdir 0.0 0.0 readdir 0.0 0.0 |
| fsstat 0.0 0.0 readdirplus 0.0 0.0 |
+---------Warning: Some Statistics may not shown----------------------------------------

接着看 d （磁盤I/O圖）：

| Disk I/O --/proc/diskstats----mostly in KB/s-----Warning:contains duplicates------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|DiskName Busy Read WriteKB|0 |25 |50 |75 100| |
|sda 0% 0.0 0.0|> | |
|sda1 0% 0.0 0.0|> | |
|sda2 0% 0.0 0.0|> | |
|sda3 0% 0.0 0.0|> | |
|Totals Read-MB/s=0.0 Writes-MB/s=0.0 Transfers/sec=0.0 |
|--------------------------------------------------------------

接着看 D （磁盤I/O統計）：

Disk I/O --/proc/diskstats----mostly in KB/s-----Warning:contains duplicates------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|DiskName Busy Read Write Xfers Size Peak% Peak-RW InFlight |
|sda 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 8.0KB/s 0 | |
|sda1 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 0.0KB/s 0 | |
|sda2 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 0.0KB/s 0 | |
|sda3 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 8.0KB/s 0 | |
|Totals Read-MB/s=0.0 Writes-MB/s=0.0 Transfers/sec=0.0 |
|------------------------------------------------------

接着看 o （磁盤I/O映射）：

| Disk %Busy Map --Key: @=90 #=80 X=70 8=60 O=50 0=40 o=30 +=20 -=10 .=5 _=0%-------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Disk No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 |
|Disks=4 0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123 |
|disk 0 to 63 ____ |
|---------------

接着看 k （內核內部統計）

| Kernel Stats ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| RunQueue 1 Load Average CPU use since boot time |
| ContextSwitch 30228.5 1 mins 0.00 Uptime Days= 0 Hours= 2 Mins=29 |
| Forks 25.9 5 mins 0.00 Idle Days= 0 Hours= 2 Mins=28 |
| Interrupts 738415.7 15 mins 0.00 Average CPU use= 0.98% |
|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

接着看 V （虛擬內存和交換統計）：

| Virtual-Memory -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|nr_dirty = 0 pgpgin = 0 High Normal DMA |
|nr_writeback= 0 pgpgout = 0 alloc 0 0 0 |
|nr_unstable = 0 pgpswpin = 0 refill 0 0 0 |
|nr_table_pgs= 330 pgpswpout = 0 steal 0 0 0 |
|nr_mapped = 2438 pgfree = 0 scan_kswapd 0 0 0 |
|nr_slab = 6852 pgactivate = 0 scan_direct 0 0 0 |
| pgdeactivate= 0 |
|allocstall = 0 pgfault = 7 kswapd_steal = 0 |
|pageoutrun = 0 pgmajfault = 0 kswapd_inodesteal= 0 |
|slabs_scanned= 0 pgrotated = 0 pginodesteal = 0 |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------

接着看 v （詳細簡單的檢查）：

| Verbose Mode ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Code Resource Stats Now Warn Danger |
| OK -> CPU %busy 0.0% >80% >90% |
| OK -> Top Disk %busy 0.0% >40% >60% |
| |
| |
| HELP ------------

這裏顯示了cpu和disk的一個診斷信息，Warn(警告)/Danger(危險)，可以看見cpu大於80%就是警告，大於90%就是危險，disk同理如下。

性能測試中的nnmon使用

PDManer [元數建模]-v4.9.0 發佈：一款簡單好用的數據庫建模平臺

使用neovim打造go ide(支持代碼跳轉, 代碼補全, 實時語法檢查)

sql求連續值問題

cs01 CSS Syntax

sql server sp_executesql 中使用表變量進行查詢

挑戰程序設計競賽 2.3章習題 poj 3046 Ant Counting

[MASM拾遺]Offset僞指令

h30 HTML Layout Elements

瞭解顯卡

一款基於C#開發的通訊調試工具（支持Modbus RTU、MQTT調試）

java中的堆內存和棧內存詳解

Oracel庫、表、表空間的關係

oracle 查看數據庫和表命令

nmon的使用與安裝

ORACLE中的SGA和PGA

https://yachay.unat.edu.pe/blog/index.php?comment_area=format_blog&comment_component=blog&comment_co

linux以太網驅動總結