mysql本地IP不能訪問的問題

​ 作爲開發者，業務服務器和數據服務器，一般肯定是部署在不同的主機上，所以mysql 用戶授權，遠程訪問，大家肯定玩的比較多了，網上的博客一大堆

​ Mysql 默認是隻允許使用 host:localhost,或者 host:127.0.0.1，如果想用使用IP訪問，就要重新授權。

​ 具體如下：

0. msyql數據庫

   # mysql所在DB服務器   192.168.137.32
   

1. 授權步驟

   # 授權遠程任何ip訪問
   grant all privileges on *.* to 'cat'@'%' iedentified by '123456';
   # 刷新生效
   flush privileges
   

2. navicat測試

​ 直接用navicat鏈接，測試，肯定沒有問題

3. 遠程ip測試

   # 注意 192.168.137.31 是業務服務器   
   mysql -ucat -h 192.168.137.31 -p   
   

   ​ 連接也沒有問題，很完美

4. DB服務器上IP訪問

   # 注意是 DB服務器本身的ip 訪問    k8s-worknode1是hostname,請無視
   [root@k8s-worknode1 ~]# mysql -ugpcat -h 192.168.137.32 -p
   Enter password: 
   ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'gpcat'@'k8s-worknode1' (using password: YES)   
   

   ​ 爲什麼不能本地Ip訪問呢？

5. 查看授權詳情

   mysql> select Host,User from mysql.user;
   +-----------+-------+
   | Host      | User  |
   +-----------+-------+
   | %         | cat |
   | 127.0.0.1 | root  |
   | ::1       | root  |
   | localhost |       |
   | localhost | root  |
   +-----------+-------+
   

   ​ 授權沒錯啊，也是刷新權限生效了啊，那是爲啥呢？

6. 繼續查看授權詳情

   mysql> SELECT host,user,Grant_priv,Super_priv FROM mysql.user;
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   | host      | user  | Grant_priv | Super_priv |
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   | localhost | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | 127.0.0.1 | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | ::1       | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | localhost |       | N          | N          |
   | %         | cat | N          | Y          |
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   

   ​ 注意，cat用戶的， Grant_priv='N'，Super_priv='Y'

   ​ 來，大家在回憶一下cat用戶的授權方式，也就是步驟1

   # 授權遠程任何ip訪問
   grant all privileges on *.* to 'cat'@'%' iedentified by '123456';
   # 刷新生效
   flush privileges
   

   ​ 也就是說，網上的一大推各種博客，Ip授權，默認的其實，還是隻能開啓遠程的IP訪問，本地IP訪問其實還是沒有開啓的，坑啊，網上各種粘貼複製的，害死人

7. 主動開啓，本地IP訪問

   mysql> update mysql.user set Grant_priv='Y' where user='cat';
   Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
   Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
   # 刷新生效
   flush privileges
   
   # 查看授權詳情
   mysql> SELECT host,user,Grant_priv,Super_priv FROM mysql.user;
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   | host      | user  | Grant_priv | Super_priv |
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   | localhost | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | 127.0.0.1 | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | ::1       | root  | Y          | Y          |
   | localhost |       | N          | N          |
   | %         | cat | Y          | Y          |
   +-----------+-------+------------+------------+
   

8. 再次驗證本地IP訪問

   [root@k8s-masternode ~]# mysql -ucat -h 192.168.137.31 -p
   Enter password: 
   Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MySQL connection id is 12
   Server version: 5.6.46 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
   
   Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   
   Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
   affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
   owners.
   
   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
   
   mysql>  
   

9. 如果想直接授權

   # 注意帶上 with grant option;
   grant all privileges on *.* to 'cat'@'%' iedentified by '123456' with grant option;
   

   這纔是完整的授權方式，不要再被網上的粘貼複製迷惑了