mysql實現主從複製的過程
使用的環境爲rhel7
主服務器ip 爲172.25.254.41
從服務器ip 爲172.25.254.42
首先配置好yum源,然後安裝好mariadb-server,設置好root密碼等等
進入/etc下配置好my.cnf文件
在master端配置如下
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
log-bin=mysql-bin #開啓二進制日誌(必須)
server-id=41 #服務器ID號,必須是唯一
在slave端配置爲
[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd
log-bin=mysql-bin #開啓二進制日誌(不是必須,但是爲了可以主從切換所以還是寫上去了)
server-id=42 #服務器ID號,必須是唯一
然後在兩臺主機上,重啓服務
systemctl restart mariadb
在master上的操作
進入mysql
grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'172.25.254.42' identified by 'slave';
對slave登陸時創建一個登陸用戶並授權,最好不要用root用戶。
show master status;
然後查詢master的狀態
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 | 1235 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
注意:在這一步之後不要對數據庫進行操作,不然File和Position都會出現變化,導致連接不上
在slave進行操作
進入mysql
change master to master_host='172.25.254.41',master_user='slave',master_password='slave',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',master_log_pos=1235;
與master建立連接,並且將登陸用戶信息加入,最後兩項就是寫在master中顯示的File和Position
start slave;
show slave status \G; #查看從服務器的狀態
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event #從服務器的I/O狀態
Master_Host: 172.25.254.41 #主服務器的ip
Master_User: slave #登陸的用戶
Master_Port: 3306 #開啓的端口
Connect_Retry: 60 #重試等待時間
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002 #日誌文件
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1235 #位置
Relay_Log_File: mariadb-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 529
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes #必須爲yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #必須爲yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1235
Relay_Log_Space: 825
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 41 #主服務的server id
測試
在master上
create database xiaobai;
use xiaobai;
create table status( name varchar(5),gender char(2) );
在slave上
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| xiaobai |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> use xiaobai;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
MariaDB [xiaobai]> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_xiaobai |
+-------------------+
| status |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
最後結果爲