1.查看數據庫當前的編碼格式
命令：show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | gbk |
| character_set_connection | gbk |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | gbk |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | G:\myenv\mysql-5.6.21\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
2.根據上一步，修改character_set_database和character_set_server的字符集
（1）方法一
命令：set character_set_database = gbk;
set character_set_server = gbk;
（2）方法二
修改數據庫配置文件 my.ini
在[mysqld]組中添加語句 character_set_server=gbk
重啓mysql服務（不是重啓操作窗口的意思）
3.再次查看數據庫當前的編碼格式
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
| character_set_client | gbk |
| character_set_connection | gbk |
| character_set_database | gbk |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | gbk |
| character_set_server | gbk |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | G:\myenv\mysql-5.6.21\share\charsets\ |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------+
注：character_set_system是元數據的編碼，無需修改
本人的mysql數據庫版本是5.6.21