springboot2.x整合springcloud簡單微服務的實現

一、開發環境及工具

jdk：1.8
spring boot：2.0.4
spring cloud：Finchley.SR1
idea：2018

二、步驟

1.創建eurekaserver

（1）設置eurekaserver的pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.qst</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka-server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>eureka-server</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.7</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

（2）配置eurekaserver的application.yml文件

server:
  port: 8761
eureka:
  instance:
    hostname: eureka-server
  client:
    fetch-registry: false
    register-with-eureka: false
    service-url:
      serviceUrl: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

（3）在eurekaserver的主配置類上添加@EnableEurekaServer註解

package com.qst.eurekaserver;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;


@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

註冊中心啓動成功後，訪問界面如下

2.創建provider

（1）配置provider的pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.qst</groupId>
    <artifactId>provider</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>provider</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--引入返回json字符串的支持 -->
      
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

（2）配置provider的appliction.yml文件

server:
  port: 8001
eureka:
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
  client:
    service-url:
      serviceUrl: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
spring:
  application:
    name: provider

（3）創建provider的user實體類

public class User implements Serializable {
    private String name;

    public User(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public User() {
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

（4）創建provider的controller

@RestController
public class UserController { 
    @RequestMapping(value = "/provider", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public User changeUser(@RequestBody User user) { 
        System.out.println(user.toString());
        user.setName("津津");
        return user;
    }
}

3.創建consumer

（1）配置consumer的pom文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.qst</groupId>
    <artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>consumer</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--引入返回json字符串的支持 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.8</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

（2）配置consumer的application.yml文件

spring:
  application:
    name: consumer
server:
  port: 8200

eureka:
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
  client:
    service-url:
      serviceUrl: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

（3）配置consumer的RestTemplate配置文件

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced //負載均衡
    RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = restTemplate.getMessageConverters();
        //添加上GSON的轉換器
        //messageConverters.add(7, new GsonHttpMessageConverter());
        return restTemplate;
    }
//
}

（4）在consumer的主配置類上添加@EnableDiscoveryClient註解

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerUserApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerUserApplication.class, args);
    }

}

（5）創建consumer的實體類user（一定要添加屬性的set方法！！！—> 反射中根據set方法爲私有屬性賦值）

public class User implements Serializable {
    private String name;

    public User(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public User() {
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

（6）創建consumer的controller方法

@RestController
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate restTemplate;
    @GetMapping("/getUser")
    public User getUser() {
        User user = new User("津少");
        User newUser= restTemplate.postForObject("http://PROVIDER/provider", user, User.class);
        return newUser;
    }
}

4.測試

啓動eurekaserver -----> 啓動provider -----> 啓動consumer -----> 在瀏覽器上輸入localhost:8200/getUser ------> 觀察provider的控制檯和網頁顯示的結果

gaoshan個人解釋：

1、consumer的controller方法中的地址http://PROVIDER/provider說明

第一個PROVIDER主要取決於服務提供者註冊服務時所指定的名字。兩個名字一致即可。如果有小寫，需要轉成大寫。

第二個provider，取決於url地址，兩者嚴格匹配

2、eurekaserver作用

這個是服務註冊與發現使用的，服務註冊者啓動後，會向eurekaserver註冊服務。服務調用者啓動後，會去eurekaserver獲取可用服務列表。三者之間，有數據通信，及時變更服務列表情況。例如，又註冊了一個服務提供者，那麼註冊中心會把新的服務提供者列表同步到調用者處。

eurekaserver啓動後，服務註冊者和服務調用者都啓動完成。後續運行中，即使eurekaserver掛掉，服務調用者，還是可以成功調用服務提供者的服務的，因爲調用者處，存有服務提供者的信息。

springboot2.x整合springcloud簡單微服務的實現

一、開發環境及工具

二、步驟

1.創建eurekaserver

2.創建provider

3.創建consumer

4.測試

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