java中poi導出模板下拉框實現二級聯動

代碼實現如下：
需要加入的jar包：

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
   <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
   <version>3.14</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
   <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
   <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
   <version>3.14</version>
</dependency>

二級聯動：


package com.test;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Name;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.util.IOUtils;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class TwoExport {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Cascade();
    }

    public static void Cascade() {
        // 創建一個excel
        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook();

        // 創建需要用戶填寫的sheet
        XSSFSheet sheet = (XSSFSheet) workbook.createSheet("省市縣");
        Row row0 = sheet.createRow(0);
        row0.createCell(5).setCellValue("渠道類型");
        row0.createCell(6).setCellValue("渠道來源");

        //得到第一級省名稱，放在列表裏
        String[] provinceArr = {"線上","線下"};
        //依次列出各省的市、各市的縣
        String[] cityJiangSu = {"招標網站","營銷自動化ACRM","門戶網絡媒體","移動社交媒體","移動社交媒體","搜索引擎","平面媒體","戶外媒體","其他"};
        String[] cityAnHui = {"行業博覽會","行業峯會/論壇/沙龍","產業級市場活動","大區/公路港市場活動","本部門市場活動","存量客戶上下游","政府關係網絡","個人關係網絡","傳化生態業務","其他"};
        //將有子區域的父區域放到一個數組中
        String[] areaFatherNameArr ={"線上","線下"};
        Map<String,String[]> areaMap = new HashMap<String, String[]>();
        areaMap.put("線上", cityJiangSu);
        areaMap.put("線下",cityAnHui);

        //創建一個專門用來存放地區信息的隱藏sheet頁
        //因此也不能在現實頁之前創建，否則無法隱藏。
        Sheet hideSheet = workbook.createSheet("area");
        //這一行作用是將此sheet隱藏，功能未完成時註釋此行,可以查看隱藏sheet中信息是否正確
        workbook.setSheetHidden(workbook.getSheetIndex(hideSheet), true);

        int rowId = 0;
        // 設置第一行，存省的信息
        Row provinceRow = hideSheet.createRow(rowId++);
        provinceRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("渠道");
        for(int i = 0; i < provinceArr.length; i ++){
            Cell provinceCell = provinceRow.createCell(i + 1);
            provinceCell.setCellValue(provinceArr[i]);
        }
        // 將具體的數據寫入到每一行中，行開頭爲父級區域，後面是子區域。
        for(int i = 0;i < areaFatherNameArr.length;i++){
            String key = areaFatherNameArr[i];
            String[] son = areaMap.get(key);
            Row row1 = hideSheet.createRow(rowId++);
            row1.createCell(0).setCellValue(key);
            for(int j = 0; j < son.length; j ++){
                Cell cell0 = row1.createCell(j + 1);
                cell0.setCellValue(son[j]);
            }

            // 添加名稱管理器
            String range = getRange(1, rowId, son.length);
            Name name = workbook.createName();
            //key不可重複
            name.setNameName(key);
            String formula = "area!" + range;
            name.setRefersToFormula(formula);
        }

        XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper((XSSFSheet)sheet);
        // 省規則
        DataValidationConstraint provConstraint = dvHelper.createExplicitListConstraint(provinceArr);
        // 四個參數分別是：起始行、終止行、起始列、終止列
        CellRangeAddressList provRangeAddressList = new CellRangeAddressList(2, 202, 5, 5);
        DataValidation provinceDataValidation = dvHelper.createValidation(provConstraint, provRangeAddressList);
        //驗證
        provinceDataValidation.createErrorBox("error", "請選擇正確的渠道");
        provinceDataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
        provinceDataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
        sheet.addValidationData(provinceDataValidation);

        //對前20行設置有效性
        for(int i = 3;i < 204;i++){
            setDataValidation("F" ,sheet,i,7);
        }
        FileOutputStream os = null;
        try {
            os = new FileOutputStream("D:/test02.xlsx");
            workbook.write(os);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(os);
        }
    }


    /**
     * 設置有效性
     * @param offset 主影響單元格所在列，即此單元格由哪個單元格影響聯動
     * @param sheet
     * @param rowNum 行數
     * @param colNum 列數
     */
    public static void setDataValidation(String offset,XSSFSheet sheet, int rowNum,int colNum) {
        XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper(sheet);
        DataValidation data_validation_list;
        data_validation_list = getDataValidationByFormula(
                "INDIRECT($" + offset + (rowNum) + ")", rowNum, colNum,dvHelper);
        sheet.addValidationData(data_validation_list);
    }

    /**
     * 加載下拉列表內容
     * @param formulaString
     * @param naturalRowIndex
     * @param naturalColumnIndex
     * @param dvHelper
     * @return
     */
    private static  DataValidation getDataValidationByFormula(
            String formulaString, int naturalRowIndex, int naturalColumnIndex,XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper) {
        // 加載下拉列表內容
        // 舉例：若formulaString = "INDIRECT($A$2)" 表示規則數據會從名稱管理器中獲取key與單元格 A2 值相同的數據，
        //如果A2是江蘇省，那麼此處就是江蘇省下的市信息。
        XSSFDataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = (XSSFDataValidationConstraint) dvHelper.createFormulaListConstraint(formulaString);
        // 設置數據有效性加載在哪個單元格上。
        // 四個參數分別是：起始行、終止行、起始列、終止列
        int firstRow = naturalRowIndex -1;
        int lastRow = naturalRowIndex - 1;
        int firstCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
        int lastCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
        CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow,
                lastRow, firstCol, lastCol);
        // 數據有效性對象
        // 綁定
        XSSFDataValidation data_validation_list = (XSSFDataValidation) dvHelper.createValidation(dvConstraint, regions);
        data_validation_list.setEmptyCellAllowed(false);
        if (data_validation_list instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {
            data_validation_list.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
            data_validation_list.setShowErrorBox(true);
        } else {
            data_validation_list.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
        }
        // 設置輸入信息提示信息
        data_validation_list.createPromptBox("下拉選擇提示", "請使用下拉方式選擇合適的值！");
        // 設置輸入錯誤提示信息
        //data_validation_list.createErrorBox("選擇錯誤提示", "你輸入的值未在備選列表中，請下拉選擇合適的值！");
        return data_validation_list;
    }

    /**
     *  計算formula
     * @param offset 偏移量，如果給0，表示從A列開始，1，就是從B列
     * @param rowId 第幾行
     * @param colCount 一共多少列
     * @return 如果給入參 1,1,10. 表示從B1-K1。最終返回 $B$1:$K$1
     *
     */
    public static String getRange(int offset, int rowId, int colCount) {
        char start = (char)('A' + offset);
        if (colCount <= 25) {
            char end = (char)(start + colCount - 1);
            return "$" + start + "$" + rowId + ":$" + end + "$" + rowId;
        } else {
            char endPrefix = 'A';
            char endSuffix = 'A';
            if ((colCount - 25) / 26 == 0 || colCount == 51) {// 26-51之間，包括邊界（僅兩次字母表計算）
                if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {// 邊界值
                    endSuffix = (char)('A' + 25);
                } else {
                    endSuffix = (char)('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
                }
            } else {// 51以上
                if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {
                    endSuffix = (char)('A' + 25);
                    endPrefix = (char)(endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26 - 1);
                } else {
                    endSuffix = (char)('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
                    endPrefix = (char)(endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26);
                }
            }
            return "$" + start + "$" + rowId + ":$" + endPrefix + endSuffix + "$" + rowId;
        }
    }
}

效果如下：

三級聯動：
代碼實現如下：

package com.test;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Name;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.util.IOUtils;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

public class Export {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Cascade();
    }

    public static void Cascade() {
        // 創建一個excel
        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        Workbook book = new XSSFWorkbook();

        // 創建需要用戶填寫的sheet
        XSSFSheet sheetPro = (XSSFSheet) book.createSheet("省市縣");
        Row row0 = sheetPro.createRow(0);
        row0.createCell(0).setCellValue("省");
        row0.createCell(1).setCellValue("市");
        row0.createCell(2).setCellValue("區");

        //得到第一級省名稱，放在列表裏
        String[] provinceArr = {"江蘇省","安徽省"};
        //依次列出各省的市、各市的縣
        String[] cityJiangSu = {"南京市","蘇州市","鹽城市"};
        String[] cityAnHui = {"合肥市","安慶市"};
        String[] countyNanjing = {"六合縣","江寧縣"};
        String[] countySuzhou = {"姑蘇區","園區"};
        String[] countyYancheng = {"響水縣","射陽縣"};
        String[] countyLiuhe = {"瑤海區","廬陽區"};
        String[] countyAnQing = {"迎江區","大觀區"};
        //將有子區域的父區域放到一個數組中
        String[] areaFatherNameArr ={"江蘇省","安徽省","南京市","蘇州市","鹽城市","合肥市","安慶市"};
        Map<String,String[]> areaMap = new HashMap<String, String[]>();
        areaMap.put("江蘇省", cityJiangSu);
        areaMap.put("安徽省",cityAnHui);
        areaMap.put("南京市",countyNanjing);
        areaMap.put("蘇州市", countySuzhou);
        areaMap.put("鹽城市",countyYancheng);
        areaMap.put("合肥市",countyYancheng);
        areaMap.put("合肥市", countyLiuhe);
        areaMap.put("安慶市",countyAnQing);

        //創建一個專門用來存放地區信息的隱藏sheet頁
        //因此也不能在現實頁之前創建，否則無法隱藏。
        Sheet hideSheet = book.createSheet("area");
        //這一行作用是將此sheet隱藏，功能未完成時註釋此行,可以查看隱藏sheet中信息是否正確
        //book.setSheetHidden(book.getSheetIndex(hideSheet), true);

        int rowId = 0;
        // 設置第一行，存省的信息
        Row provinceRow = hideSheet.createRow(rowId++);
        provinceRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("省列表");
        for(int i = 0; i < provinceArr.length; i ++){
            Cell provinceCell = provinceRow.createCell(i + 1);
            provinceCell.setCellValue(provinceArr[i]);
        }
        // 將具體的數據寫入到每一行中，行開頭爲父級區域，後面是子區域。
        for(int i = 0;i < areaFatherNameArr.length;i++){
            String key = areaFatherNameArr[i];
            String[] son = areaMap.get(key);
            Row row = hideSheet.createRow(rowId++);
            row.createCell(0).setCellValue(key);
            for(int j = 0; j < son.length; j ++){
                Cell cell = row.createCell(j + 1);
                cell.setCellValue(son[j]);
            }

            // 添加名稱管理器
            String range = getRange(1, rowId, son.length);
            Name name = book.createName();
            //key不可重複
            name.setNameName(key);
            String formula = "area!" + range;
            name.setRefersToFormula(formula);
        }

        XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper((XSSFSheet)sheetPro);
        // 省規則
        DataValidationConstraint provConstraint = dvHelper.createExplicitListConstraint(provinceArr);
        // 四個參數分別是：起始行、終止行、起始列、終止列
        CellRangeAddressList provRangeAddressList = new CellRangeAddressList(1, 20, 0, 0);
        DataValidation provinceDataValidation = dvHelper.createValidation(provConstraint, provRangeAddressList);
        //驗證
        provinceDataValidation.createErrorBox("error", "請選擇正確的省份");
        provinceDataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
        provinceDataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
        sheetPro.addValidationData(provinceDataValidation);

        //對前20行設置有效性
        for(int i = 2;i < 20;i++){
            setDataValidation("A" ,sheetPro,i,2);
            setDataValidation("B" ,sheetPro,i,3);
        }
        FileOutputStream os = null;
        try {
            os = new FileOutputStream("D:/test01.xlsx");
            book.write(os);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(os);
        }
    }


    /**
     * 設置有效性
     * @param offset 主影響單元格所在列，即此單元格由哪個單元格影響聯動
     * @param sheet
     * @param rowNum 行數
     * @param colNum 列數
     */
    public static void setDataValidation(String offset,XSSFSheet sheet, int rowNum,int colNum) {
        XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper(sheet);
        DataValidation data_validation_list;
        data_validation_list = getDataValidationByFormula(
                "INDIRECT($" + offset + (rowNum) + ")", rowNum, colNum,dvHelper);
        sheet.addValidationData(data_validation_list);
    }

    /**
     * 加載下拉列表內容
     * @param formulaString
     * @param naturalRowIndex
     * @param naturalColumnIndex
     * @param dvHelper
     * @return
     */
    private static  DataValidation getDataValidationByFormula(
            String formulaString, int naturalRowIndex, int naturalColumnIndex,XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper) {
        // 加載下拉列表內容
        // 舉例：若formulaString = "INDIRECT($A$2)" 表示規則數據會從名稱管理器中獲取key與單元格 A2 值相同的數據，
        //如果A2是江蘇省，那麼此處就是江蘇省下的市信息。
        XSSFDataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = (XSSFDataValidationConstraint) dvHelper.createFormulaListConstraint(formulaString);
        // 設置數據有效性加載在哪個單元格上。
        // 四個參數分別是：起始行、終止行、起始列、終止列
        int firstRow = naturalRowIndex -1;
        int lastRow = naturalRowIndex - 1;
        int firstCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
        int lastCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
        CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow,
                lastRow, firstCol, lastCol);
        // 數據有效性對象
        // 綁定
        XSSFDataValidation data_validation_list = (XSSFDataValidation) dvHelper.createValidation(dvConstraint, regions);
        data_validation_list.setEmptyCellAllowed(false);
        if (data_validation_list instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {
            data_validation_list.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
            data_validation_list.setShowErrorBox(true);
        } else {
            data_validation_list.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
        }
        // 設置輸入信息提示信息
        data_validation_list.createPromptBox("下拉選擇提示", "請使用下拉方式選擇合適的值！");
        // 設置輸入錯誤提示信息
        //data_validation_list.createErrorBox("選擇錯誤提示", "你輸入的值未在備選列表中，請下拉選擇合適的值！");
        return data_validation_list;
    }

    /**
     *  計算formula
     * @param offset 偏移量，如果給0，表示從A列開始，1，就是從B列
     * @param rowId 第幾行
     * @param colCount 一共多少列
     * @return 如果給入參 1,1,10. 表示從B1-K1。最終返回 $B$1:$K$1
     *
     */
    public static String getRange(int offset, int rowId, int colCount) {
        char start = (char)('A' + offset);
        if (colCount <= 25) {
            char end = (char)(start + colCount - 1);
            return "$" + start + "$" + rowId + ":$" + end + "$" + rowId;
        } else {
            char endPrefix = 'A';
            char endSuffix = 'A';
            if ((colCount - 25) / 26 == 0 || colCount == 51) {// 26-51之間，包括邊界（僅兩次字母表計算）
                if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {// 邊界值
                    endSuffix = (char)('A' + 25);
                } else {
                    endSuffix = (char)('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
                }
            } else {// 51以上
                if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {
                    endSuffix = (char)('A' + 25);
                    endPrefix = (char)(endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26 - 1);
                } else {
                    endSuffix = (char)('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
                    endPrefix = (char)(endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26);
                }
            }
            return "$" + start + "$" + rowI
            d + ":$" + endPrefix + endSuffix + "$" + rowId;
        }
    }

}

效果圖如下:

參考文檔：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37956938/article/details/78084503

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