常見問題解決

1. a java exception has occurred.

myeclipse中新建一個Web Project，在myeclipse中啓動Tomcat時報錯:a java exception has occurred.

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/juli/logging/LogFactory
at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.<clinit>(Bootstrap.java:56)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.juli.logging.LogFactory
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:366)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:355)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:354)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:423)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:308)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:356)
... 1 more

解決方法有兩個：  
一、打開myeclipse，Preferentces->MyEclipse->Servers->Tomcat->Tomcat 6.x  
,載入Tomcat7，在"Paths"下，點擊“Add JAR/ZIP”,加載tomcat7下的……/bin/tomcat-juli.jar。點擊“OK”.  
tomcat-juli.jar

tomcat-juli.jar下載地址http://download.csdn.net/download/qq993461639/4481855

二、可以設置環境變量添加classpath到CATALINE_HOME/bin/tomcat-juli.jar，Tomcat默認啓動會自動加載。  
classpath=……;%CATALINA_HOME%\bin\tomcat-juli.jar;  

2.Tomcat啓動時出現java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Document base D:\apache-tomcat-6.0.20\webapps\XXX does not exist or is not a readable directory  

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Document base D:\apache-tomcat-6.0.20\webapps\bookstore does not exist or is not a readable directory

 at org.apache.naming.resources.FileDirContext.setDocBase(FileDirContext.java:142)

 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.resourcesStart(StandardContext.java:4048)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4217)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:791)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:771)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:526)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptor(HostConfig.java:630)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDescriptors(HostConfig.java:556)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:491)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1206)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:314)
 at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1053)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:722)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1045)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:516)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:710)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:583)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
 at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
 at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
 at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:585)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:288)
 at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:413)

報錯原因： 
刪除的項目沒有刪除乾淨 
解決辦法： 
1.該項目的War文件從filePath\webapps 移出； 

2.該項目的某些配置從 filePath\work\Catalina\localhost 移除； 

3.該項目的配置文件，目錄： filePath\conf\Catalina\localhost移除。 
一般能解決此類報錯

其他同學的解決辦法： 

明明那個項目在webapps下面已經不存在了，爲什麼還是報錯。

按照網上的方法試了，結果都不行，其中包括：把work/catalina/localhost下的東西都刪掉，檢查配置文件的無用連接，都不行。

最後，我找到了：conf\Catalina\localhost下有一個bookmanager.xml的文件，就是我報錯的那個文件名，所以我確定就是它，刪除後重啓tomcat就好了，建議大家試一下。

自己的解決辦法是：重新解壓了一個tomcat,什麼問題也不存在了，但是這有個問題，部署在tomcat上其它項目也要重新部署。

3.嚴重: Error configuring application listener of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
 at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1358)
 at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1204)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:3770)
 at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4334)

原因：沒有找到配置文件

  <!-- 指定spring的配置文件，默認從web根目錄尋找配置文件，我們可以通過spring提供的classpath:前綴指定從類路徑下尋找 -->
  <context-param>
  <param-name>contextConfigLoaction</param-name>
  <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

4. Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.BeanDefinitionParsingException: Configuration problem: Unable to locate Spring NamespaceHandler for XML schema namespace [http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache]
Offending resource: class path resource [applicationContext.xml]


	at org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.FailFastProblemReporter.error(FailFastProblemReporter.java:68)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ReaderContext.error(ReaderContext.java:85)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.parsing.ReaderContext.error(ReaderContext.java:80)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.error(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:281)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1294)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.parseCustomElement(BeanDefinitionParserDelegate.java:1287)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.parseBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:135)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.registerBeanDefinitions(DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader.java:92)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.registerBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:507)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.doLoadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:398)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:342)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader.java:310)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:143)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:178)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.loadBeanDefinitions(AbstractBeanDefinitionReader.java:149)
	at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:124)
	at org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext.loadBeanDefinitions(XmlWebApplicationContext.java:92)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.refreshBeanFactory(AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext.java:123)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.obtainFreshBeanFactory(AbstractApplicationContext.java:422)
	at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:352)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.createWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:255)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:199)
	at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:45)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4939)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5434)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:633)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1120)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1678)
	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:334)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:166)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1110)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:603)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:722)
三月 02, 2014 10:57:35 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext listenerStart
嚴重: Exception sending context initialized event to listener instance of class org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener