運維之道 | CentOS7.6 KVM虛擬機克隆（命令行+配置信息）

一、使用 virt-clone 命令直接克隆

1. 查看虛擬機

[root@localhost ~]# virsh list --all
 Id    名稱                         狀態
----------------------------------------------------
 1     centos7.0-kvm1                  暫停

2. 查看 centos7.0-kvm1 虛擬機的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu
總用量 8
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   26 6月  14 20:26 autostart
-rw-------. 1 root root 4775 6月  13 17:41 centos7.0-kvm1
drwx------. 3 root root   42 8月   5 2017 networks

3. 查看 centos7.0-kvm1 虛擬機磁盤文件

[root@localhost ~]# ls /home/images
villian.qcow2

4. 開始克隆 kvm 虛擬機

[root@localhost ~]# virt-clone -o centos7.0-kvm1 -n centos7.0-kvm2 -f /home/images/villian2.qcow2
正在分配 'villian2.qcow2'                                                                                                                         | 100 GB  00:00:20     

成功克隆 'centos7.0-kvm2'。

選項：
-o：原虛擬機名
-n：新生成的虛擬機名
-f：新生成的虛擬機的磁盤文件的路徑

5. 查看有沒有生成 centos7.0-kvm2 的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu
總用量 16
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   26 6月  14 20:26 autostart
-rw-------. 1 root root 4775 6月  13 17:41 centos7.0-kvm1.xml
-rw-------. 1 root root 4775 6月  15 07:32 centos7.0-kvm2.xml
drwx------. 3 root root   42 8月   5 2017 networks

6. 查看有沒有生成 centos7.0-kvm2 的磁盤文件

[root@localhost ~]# ls /home/images/
villian1.qcow2  villian2.qcow2

7.查看新克隆虛擬機

[root@localhost ~]# virsh list --all
 Id    名稱                         狀態
----------------------------------------------------
 1     centos7.0-kvm1               暫停
 2     centos7.0-kvm2               暫停

8. 啓動虛擬機

[root@localhost ~]# virsh start centos7.0-kvm2
[root@localhost ~]# virsh list --all
 Id    名稱                         狀態
----------------------------------------------------
 -     centos7.0-kvm1               關閉
 -     centos7.0-kvm2               running

---

二、通過複製磁盤文件和配置文件克隆

1.複製 centos7.0-kvm1 的磁盤文件

[root@localhost images]# ll
-rw-------. 1 root root 140019892224 6月  15 08:02 villian.qcow2
[root@openstack images]# cp villian1.qcow2 villian2.qcow2 -a

[root@localhost images]# ll
-rw-------. 1 qemu qemu 140019892224 6月  15 08:43 villian1.qcow2
-rw-------. 1 qemu qemu   2097217536 6月  15 08:43 villian2.qcow2

2.複製 centos7.0-kvm1 的配置文件

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   26 6月  14 20:26 autostart
-rw-------. 1 root root 4775 6月  13 17:41 villian1.xml
drwx------. 3 root root   42 8月   5 2017 networks

[root@localhost ~]# virsh dumpxml villian1 > /etc/libvirt/qemu/villian2.xml

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/libvirt/qemu
總用量 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   26 6月  14 20:26 autostart
-rw-------. 1 root root 4775 6月  13 17:41 villian1.xml
-rw-------. 1 root root 4775 6月  15 07:32 villian2.xml
drwx------. 3 root root   42 8月   5 2017 networks

PS：因爲是直接複製 centos7.0-kvm1 的配置文件，所以需要修改該配置文件

修改name,uuid,disk,mac,vnc端口
[root@openstack images]# cd /etc/libvirt/qemu
[root@openstack qemu]# vim compute3.xml 
<domain type='kvm'>
  <name>compute3</name>
  <uuid>70f56803-f813-4d34-861a-996ef0ab74b5</uuid>
  <memory unit='KiB'>10485760</memory>
  <currentMemory unit='KiB'>10485760</currentMemory>
  <vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>
  <resource>
    <partition>/machine</partition>
  </resource>
  <os>
    <type arch='x86_64' machine='pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0'>hvm</type>
    <boot dev='hd'/>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
  </features>
  <cpu mode='custom' match='exact' check='full'>
    <model fallback='forbid'>Nehalem</model>
    <feature policy='require' name='x2apic'/>
    <feature policy='require' name='hypervisor'/>
  </cpu>
  <clock offset='utc'>
    <timer name='rtc' tickpolicy='catchup'/>
    <timer name='pit' tickpolicy='delay'/>
    <timer name='hpet' present='no'/>
  </clock>
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
  <pm>
    <suspend-to-mem enabled='no'/>
    <suspend-to-disk enabled='no'/>
  </pm>
  <devices>
    <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='qcow2'/>
<source file='/home/images/compute3.qcow2'/>
      <target dev='vda' bus='virtio'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x07' function='0x0'/>
    </disk>
    <disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
      <driver name='qemu' type='raw'/>
      <target dev='hda' bus='ide'/>
      <readonly/>
      <address type='drive' controller='0' bus='0' target='0' unit='0'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-ehci1'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x7'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci1'>
      <master startport='0'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x0' multifunction='on'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci2'>
      <master startport='2'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='usb' index='0' model='ich9-uhci3'>
      <master startport='4'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x05' function='0x2'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='ide' index='0'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x01' function='0x1'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='virtio-serial' index='0'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x06' function='0x0'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type='pci' index='0' model='pci-root'/>
    <interface type='network'>
      <mac address='52:54:00:c3:4e:ec'/>
      <source network='default'/>
      <model type='virtio'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x03' function='0x0'/>

 </interface>
    <interface type='bridge'>
      <mac address='52:54:00:d8:c6:00'/>
      <source bridge='br0'/>
      <model type='virtio'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x09' function='0x0'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type='pty'>
      <target port='0'/>
    </serial>
    <console type='pty'>
      <target type='serial' port='0'/>
    </console>
    <channel type='unix'>
      <target type='virtio' name='org.qemu.guest_agent.0'/>
      <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </channel>
    <channel type='spicevmc'>
      <target type='virtio' name='com.redhat.spice.0'/>
      <address type='virtio-serial' controller='0' bus='0' port='2'/>
    </channel>
    <input type='tablet' bus='usb'>
      <address type='usb' bus='0' port='1'/>
    </input>
    <input type='mouse' bus='ps2'/>
    <input type='keyboard' bus='ps2'/>
    <graphics type='vnc' port='-1' autoport='yes'>
      <listen type='address'/>
    </graphics>
    <sound model='ich6'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x04' function='0x0'/>
    </sound>
    <video>
      <model type='qxl' ram='65536' vram='65536' vgamem='16384' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x02' function='0x0'/>
    </video>
    <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'> 
 <address type='usb' bus='0' port='2'/>
    </redirdev>
    <redirdev bus='usb' type='spicevmc'>
      <address type='usb' bus='0' port='3'/>
    </redirdev>
    <memballoon model='virtio'>
      <address type='pci' domain='0x0000' bus='0x00' slot='0x08' function='0x0'/>
    </memballoon>
  </devices>
  <seclabel type='dynamic' model='selinux' relabel='yes'/>
</domain>

3、定義配置文件，否則克隆失敗

[root@localhost qemu]# virsh define villian2.xml 
定義域 villian2（從 villian2.xml）

4.查看新克隆虛擬機

[root@localhost ~]# virsh list --all
 Id    名稱                         狀態
----------------------------------------------------
 1     centos7.0-kvm1               暫停
 2     centos7.0-kvm2               暫停