java WebService開發實例

一、Axis安裝 1、環境 J2SE SDK 1.3 or 1.4: 我使用 1.4.2 Servlet Container: 我使用的Tomcat 5.0 

2、到 http://ws.apache.org/Axis/網站下載Axis安裝包

3、解壓縮安裝包，將Axis_UNZIP_PATH/Axis-version/webapps下的Axis包拷貝到TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/下，以下約定Axis_HOME爲該TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/Axis目錄

4、啓動tomcat,訪問http://localhost:8080/Axis 檢查安裝是否成功

5、以上步驟執行成功，可以開發webservice例子了

Axis支持三種web service的部署和開發，分別爲：

1、Dynamic Invocation Interface ( DII)

2、Stubs方式

3、Dynamic Proxy方式

二、編寫DII(Dynamic Invocation Interface )方式web服務

1.編寫服務端程序HelloClient

public class HelloClient
{
     public String getName(String name)
     {
         return "hello "+name;
     }
}

2、將源碼拷貝到Axis_HOME下，重命名爲 HelloClient.jws 

3、訪問連接http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl，頁面顯示Axis自動生成的wsdl 

4、編寫訪問服務的客戶端 TestHelloClient.java 

import org.apache.Axis.client.Call;
import org.apache.Axis.client.Service;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceException;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.rmi.RemoteException;

public class SayHelloClient2
{
     public static void main(String[] args)
         {
         try
                 {
   String endpoint =
   "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws";

     Service service = new Service();
             Call call = null;

             call = (Call) service.createCall();

             call.setOperationName(new QName(
                "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws", 
                            "getName"));
             call.setTargetEndpointAddress
                         (new java.net.URL(endpoint));

             String ret = (String) call.invoke(new Object[] 
                         {"zhangsan"});
             System.out.println("return value is " + ret);
         } 
                 catch (Exception ex)
                 {
        ex.printStackTrace();
         }
     }
}


三、編寫Dynamic Proxy方式訪問服務 

1、編寫部署服務端程序，同上邊DII方式，本次仍使用上邊部署的HelloClient 

2、編寫代理接口 

public interface HelloClientInterface
extends java.rmi.Remote
{
     public String getName(String name)
         throws java.rmi.RemoteException;
}

3、編寫並執行客戶端程序TestHelloClient.java 

import javax.xml.rpc.Service;
import javax.xml.rpc.ServiceFactory;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.xml.namespace.QName;

public class TestHelloClient 
{
     public static void main(String[] args)
         {
         try
         {
             String wsdlUrl = 
                         "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws?wsdl";
             String nameSpaceUri = 
                         "http://localhost:8080/Axis/HelloClient.jws";
             String serviceName = "HelloClientService";
             String portName = "HelloClient";

             ServiceFactory serviceFactory = 
                         ServiceFactory.newInstance();
             Service afService =
                         serviceFactory.createService(new URL(wsdlUrl),
          new QName(nameSpaceUri, serviceName));
             HelloClientInterface proxy = (HelloClientInterface)
         afService.getPort(new QName(
                     nameSpaceUri, portName), 
                                         HelloClientInterface.class);
             System.out.println
                         ("return value is "+proxy.getName("john") ) ;
         }catch(Exception ex)
         {
             ex.printStackTrace() ;
         }
     }
}


四、編寫wsdd發佈web服務，編寫stub client訪問web服務 

1、編寫服務端程序server,SayHello.java，編譯server.SayHello.java 

package server;
public class SayHello
{
     public String getName(String name)
     {
         return "hello "+name;
     }
}
2.編寫LogHandler.java
import org.apache.Axis.AxisFault;
import org.apache.Axis.Handler;
import org.apache.Axis.MessageContext;
import org.apache.Axis.handlers.BasicHandler;

import java.util.Date;

public class LogHandler 
extends BasicHandler 
{
public void invoke
(MessageContext msgContext) 
throws AxisFault
     {
         /** Log an access each time 
                 we get invoked.
          */
         try {
             Handler serviceHandler
                         = msgContext.getService();

             Integer numAccesses =
   (Integer)serviceHandler.getOption("accesses");
             if (numAccesses == null)
                 numAccesses = new Integer(0);
numAccesses = new Integer
(numAccesses.intValue() + 1);
Date date = new Date();
String result = 
date + ": service " +
msgContext.getTargetService() +
" accessed " + numAccesses + " time(s).";
serviceHandler.setOption
("accesses", numAccesses);
System.out.println(result);
         } catch (Exception e)
                 {
             throw AxisFault.makeFault(e);
         }
     }
}


3、編寫wsdd文件 

deploy.wsdd
<deployment xmlns=
"http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/"
   xmlns:java=
                         "http://xml.apache.org/Axis/wsdd/providers/java">           
    <handler name="print" type="java:LogHandler"/> 
<service name="sayhello"
provider="java:RPC">
    <requestFlow>
      <handler type="print"/>
    </requestFlow>
   <parameter name="className" 
   value="server.SayHello"/>
   <parameter name="allowedMethods"
   value="*"/>  
</service>
</deployment>

3、將編譯後的文件拷貝到Axis_HOME/WEB-INF/classes下，如：D:/tomcat/webapps/Axis/WEB-INF/classes 

4、發佈服務： 

java org.apache.Axis.client.AdminClient deploy.wsdd 

5、生成client stub文件 

a:方式1 

將SayHello.java拷貝到Axis_HOME/下，重命名爲SayHello.jws， 

執行下面的命令生存client stub 

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java 
-p client   http://localhost:8080
/Axis/services/SayHello.jws?wsdl


b:方式2 

執行如下命令生成SayHello.wsdl 

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.Java2WSDL
-oSayHello.wsdl -lhttp://localhost:8080
/Axis/services/SayHello -nsayhello server.SayHello

執行如下命令生成client stub 

java org.apache.Axis.wsdl.WSDL2Java 
SayHello.wsdl   -p client

生成的stub client文件列表爲： 

1.SayHello.java 

2.SayHelloService.java。 

3.SayHelloServiceLocator.java 

4.SayHelloSoapBindingStub.java 

6、編寫客戶端程序，編譯並執行 

public class SayHelloClient
{
     public static void main(String[] args)
         {
         try
                 {
     SayHelloService service = new client.
        SayHelloServiceLocator();
           client.SayHello_PortType 
                   client = service.getSayHello();
             String retValue=client.getName("zhangsan");
             System.out.println(retValue);
} 
catch (Exception e)
{
System.err.println
("Execution failed. Exception: " + e);
         }
     }
}

您也可以寫server-config.wsdd
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<deployment xmlns="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/" 
         xmlns:java="http://xml.apache.org/axis/wsdd/providers/java"> 
<globalConfiguration>  

   <parameter name="adminPassword" value="admin"/>  
   <parameter name="attachments.implementation" 
           value="org.apache.axis.attachments.AttachmentsImpl"/>  
   <parameter name="sendXsiTypes" value="true"/>  
   <parameter name="sendMultiRefs" value="true"/>  
   <parameter name="sendXMLDeclaration" value="true"/>  
   <parameter name="axis.sendMinimizedElements" value="true"/> 
   
   <requestFlow>   
    <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler">    
     <parameter name="scope" value="session"/>   
    </handler>   
   
    <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.JWSHandler">    
     <parameter name="scope" value="request"/>    
     <parameter name="extension" value=".jwr"/>   
    </handler>  
   
   </requestFlow> 
  
</globalConfiguration> 
<handler name="LocalResponder" type="java:org.apache.axis.transport.local.LocalResponder"/> 
<handler name="URLMapper" type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.http.URLMapper"/> 
<handler name="Authenticate" type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.SimpleAuthenticationHandler"/>   
   <handler name="print" type="java:stub.LogHandler"/>
  
   <service name="sayhello" provider="java:RPC">
    <requestFlow>
      <handler type="print"/>
    </requestFlow>
   <parameter name="className"    value="stub.server.SayHello"/>  
   <parameter name="allowedMethods"   value="*"/>  
</service>

<transport name="http">  
   <requestFlow>   
    <handler type="URLMapper"/>   
    <handler type="java:org.apache.axis.handlers.http.HTTPAuthHandler"/>  
   </requestFlow> 
</transport> 
<transport name="local">  
   <responseFlow>   
    <handler type="LocalResponder"/>  
   </responseFlow> 
</transport>
</deployment>
這個更好用些