POSIX共享內存
int shm_open(const char* name, int oflag, mode_t mode);創建或打開一個共享內存區對象。
int ftruncate(int fd, off_t length);修改共享內存區對象的大小。
int fstat(int fd, struct stat* buf);獲取共享內存區對象的信息。
void* mmap(void* addr, size_t len, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);將文件或共享內存區對象映射到進程地址空間的某個文件
int munmap(void* addr, size_t len);
System V共享內存
key_t ftok(const char* pathname, int id);
int shmget(key_t key, size_t size, int oflag);創建或打開一個共享內存區。
void* shmat(int shmid, const void* shmaddr, int flag);把共享內存中附接到調用進程的地址空間,返回爲共享內存區在進程內的起始地址。
int shmdt(const void* shmaddr);斷接內存區
int shmctl(int shmid, int cmd, struct shmid_ds* buf);三個操作: IPC_RMID, IPC_SET, IPC_STAT
有名信號量:
sem_t* sem_open(const char* name, int oflag, mode_t mode, unsigned int value)
int sem_wait(sem_t* sem)
int sem_trywait(sem_t* sem)
sem_post(sem_t* sem)
int sem_getvalue(sem_t* sem, int* valp)
int sem_close(sem_t* sem)
int sem_unlink(const char* name)
基於內存的信號量:
int sem_init(sem_t* sem, int shared, unsigned int value);shared爲非零時信號量必須放在共享內存中。
sem_wait()
sem_trywait()
sem_post()
sem_getvalue()
sem_close()
int sem_destroy(semt_t* sem)
讀寫鎖:
int pthread_rwlock_rdlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);
int pthread_rwlock_wrlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);
int pthread_rwlock_unlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);
int pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);
int pthread_rwlock_trywrlock(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);
int pthread_rwlock_init(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr, const pthread_rwlockattr_t* attr);int pthread_rwlock_destroy(pthread_rwlock_t* rwptr);
int pthread_rwlockattr_init(pthread_rwlockattr_t* attr);
int pthread_rwlockattr_destroy(pthread_rwlockattr_t* attr);
int pthread_rwlockattr_getpshared(const pthread_rwlockattr_t* attr, int* valptr);
int pthread_rwlockattr_setpshared(pthread_attr_t* attr, int value);
消息隊列
mqd_t mq_open(const char* name, int oflag, mode_t mode, struct mq_attr* attr);
int mq_close(mqd_t mqdes);
int mq_unlink(const char* name);
int mq_getattr(mqd_t mqdes, struct mq_attr* attr);
int mq_setattr(mqd_t mqdes, const struct mq_attr* attr, struct mq_attr* oattr);每個消息隊列有4個屬性
int mq_send(mqd_t mqdes, const char* ptr, size_t len, unsigned int prio);
sszie_t mq_receive(mqd_t mqdes, char* ptr, size_t len, unsigned int* priop);
int mq_notify(mqd_t mqdes, const struct sigevent* notification); 爲指定隊列建立異步事件通知