Android中的Http通信(三)之get、post傳遞參數到服務器

如果你看到這一片文章,但是你還對http協議的基本知識以及通過url獲取網絡數據還不是很瞭解,請先看一下上面兩篇文章:Android中的Http通信(一)之Http協議基本知識 Android中的Http通信(二)之根據Url讀取網絡數據

本文主要介紹的是通過http中的GET方式和POST方式上傳數據到服務器,其中涉及到解決服務器亂碼問題。本文需要服務器和Android前端配合,由於這裏是寫Android方面的問題,後臺服務器我就寫了一個簡單的demo,在文章最後大家可以自行下載,這裏不在累述(其實是本人的服務器的功底.....大哭大哭大哭)。廢話不多說,直接開幹。

遵循上一篇的習慣,先來一個佈局吧:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:gravity="center_horizontal"
        android:text="用戶名:肖運飛\n密碼:123456" />

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:text="用戶名:" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/name"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="2"
            android:hint="用戶名" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1"
            android:gravity="center_horizontal"
            android:text="密碼:" />

        <EditText
            android:id="@+id/pwd"
            android:layout_width="0dp"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="2"
            android:hint="密碼" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/get_btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="GET 登錄" />
    
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/post_btn"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:text="POST 登錄" />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/response"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginTop="10dp" />

</LinearLayout>

很簡單,不做任何介紹,如果看不懂的話,先補習補習,再往下看敲打

下面是Ativity中的代碼:

package com.example.http;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * 測試http的get、post的類
 * 
 * @author xiaoyf
 * 
 */
public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	private EditText name;
	private EditText pwd;
	private Button get_btn;
	private Button post_btn;
	private TextView response;
	private Handler handler = new Handler();

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
		name = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.name);
		pwd = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.pwd);
		get_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.get_btn);
		post_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.post_btn);
		response = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.response);

		get_btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				String url = "http://192.168.1.2:8080/WebProject/MyServlet";
				new HttpThread(url, name.getText().toString(), pwd.getText()
						.toString(), response, handler, 1).start();
			}
		});

		post_btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {

			@Override
			public void onClick(View arg0) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				Log.d("bbb", "onClick");
				String url = "http://192.168.1.2:8080/WebProject/MyServlet";
				new HttpThread(url, name.getText().toString(), pwd.getText()
						.toString(), response, handler, 2).start();
			}
		});
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
		// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
		getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
		return true;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
		// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
		// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
		// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
		int id = item.getItemId();
		if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
			return true;
		}
		return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
	}
}

下面是GET、POST傳遞參數的核心代碼,也是本篇的核心。

package com.example.http;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import android.os.Handler;
import android.util.Log;
import android.webkit.WebView;
import android.widget.TextView;

/**
 * 測試http的get、post的線程
 * 
 * @author xiaoyf
 * 
 */
public class HttpThread extends Thread {
	private final static int CONNECT_OUT_TIME = 5000;
	private String url;
	private String name;
	private String pwd;
	private TextView response;

	private Handler handler;
	/**
	 * tag=1:默認,get方式;tag=2:post方式
	 */
	private int tag = 1;

	public HttpThread() {
		super();
	}

	public HttpThread(String url, String name, String pwd, TextView response,
			Handler handler, int tag) {
		super();
		this.url = url;
		this.name = name;
		this.pwd = pwd;
		this.response = response;
		this.handler = handler;
		this.tag = tag;
	}

	public void doGet() {
		// 如果服務器沒有轉碼的時候,我們可以設置,防止亂碼
		// name = URLEncoder.encode(name, "utf-8");
		// pwd = URLEncoder.encode(pwd, "utf-8");

		url += "?name=" + name + "&pwd=" + pwd;
		try {
			// 第一步:創建必要的URL對象
			URL httpUrl = new URL(url);
			// 第二步:根據URL對象,獲取HttpURLConnection對象
			HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) httpUrl
					.openConnection();
			// 第三步:爲HttpURLConnection對象設置必要的參數(是否允許輸入數據、連接超時時間、請求方式)
			connection.setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_OUT_TIME);
			connection.setReadTimeout(CONNECT_OUT_TIME);
			connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
			connection.setDoInput(true);
			// 第四步:開始讀取服務器返回數據
			BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
					connection.getInputStream()));
			final StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
			String str = null;
			while ((str = reader.readLine()) != null) {
				buffer.append(str);
			}
			reader.close();

			handler.post(new Runnable() {

				@Override
				public void run() {
					// TODO Auto-generated method stub
					response.setText(buffer.toString());
				}
			});

		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	public void doPost() {

		try {
			// 第一步:創建必要的URL對象
			URL httpUrl = new URL(url);
			// 第二步:根據URL對象,獲取HttpURLConnection對象
			HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) httpUrl
					.openConnection();
			// 第三步:爲HttpURLConnection對象設置必要的參數(是否允許輸入數據、連接超時時間、請求方式)
			connection.setConnectTimeout(CONNECT_OUT_TIME);
			connection.setReadTimeout(CONNECT_OUT_TIME);
			connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
			connection.setDoInput(true);
			// 第四步:向服務器寫入數據
			OutputStream out = connection.getOutputStream();
			String content = "name=" + name + "&pwd=" + pwd;// 無論服務器轉碼與否,這裏不需要轉碼,因爲Android系統自動已經轉碼爲utf-8啦
			out.write(content.getBytes());
			out.flush();
			out.close();
			// 第五步:開始讀取服務器返回數據
			BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
					connection.getInputStream()));
			final StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
			String str = null;
			while ((str = reader.readLine()) != null) {
				buffer.append(str);
			}
			reader.close();

			handler.post(new Runnable() {

				@Override
				public void run() {
					// TODO Auto-generated method stub
					response.setText(buffer.toString());
				}
			});

		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}

	@Override
	public void run() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		if (tag == 1) http://
			doGet();
		else if (tag == 2)
			doPost();
	}

}

GET、POST傳遞參數的時候的區別:

兩者的URL:

GET:基本的url+參數的拼接;

POST:基本的url

是否攜帶輸出流:

GET:不需要;

POST:參數的拼接然後轉化爲字節數組


服務器項目:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u014544193/9337713

客戶端項目:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u014544193/9337733

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