- 實現效果
undefined
- 使用方式
-
將前後端分別保存爲html和py文件。
-
pip install asyncio、json、websockets
-
雙擊打開html
*在一臺電腦開兩個網頁的確有點傻，您可以修改代碼ip，再將py文件在電腦運行。可達到局域網通信
- 後端
#!/usr/bin/env python
#後端
# WS server example that synchronizes state across clients
import asyncio
import json
import websockets
USERS = {}
async def notify_state(content, name):
if len(USERS) != 0: # asyncio.wait doesn't accept an empty list
message = json.dumps(
{"type": "user", "content": content, "from": name})
await asyncio.wait([user.send(message) for user in USERS.values()])
async def plus_users(name, websocket):
USERS[name] = websocket
if len(USERS) != 0: # asyncio.wait doesn't accept an empty list
message = json.dumps(
{"type": "login", "content": name, "user_list": list(USERS.keys())})
await asyncio.wait([user.send(message) for user in USERS.values()])
async def minus_users(name):
del USERS[name]
if len(USERS) != 0: # asyncio.wait doesn't accept an empty list
message = json.dumps(
{"type": "logout", "content": name, "user_list": list(USERS.keys())})
await asyncio.wait([user.send(message) for user in USERS.values()])
async def register(websocket):
# 握手
await websocket.send(json.dumps({"type": "handshake"}))
async def unregister(websocket):
for k, v in USERS.items():
if v == websocket:
del USERS[k]
await minus_users(k)
async def chat(websocket, path):
# register(websocket) sends user_event() to websocket
await register(websocket)
try:
async for message in websocket:
data = json.loads(message)
print(data)
if data["type"] == "login":
await plus_users(data["content"], websocket)
elif data["type"] == "send":
await notify_state(data["content"], data["uname"])
else:
pass
finally:
await unregister(websocket)
start_server = websockets.serve(chat, "localhost", 5678)
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(start_server)
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_forever()
- 前端
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<style>
p {
text-align: left;
padding-left: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div style="width: 800px;height: 600px;margin: 30px auto;text-align: center">
<h1>websocket聊天室</h1>
<div style="width: 800px;border: 1px solid gray;height: 300px;">
<div style="width: 200px;height: 300px;float: left;text-align: left;">
<p><span>當前在線:</span><span id="user_num">0</span></p>
<div id="user_list" style="overflow: auto;">
</div>
</div>
<div id="msg_list" style="width: 598px;border: 1px solid gray; height: 300px;overflow: scroll;float: left;">
</div>
</div>
<br>
<textarea id="msg_box" rows="6" cols="50" onkeydown="confirm(event)"></textarea><br>
<input type="button" value="發送" onclick="send()">
</div>
</body>
</html>
<script type="text/javascript">
// 存儲用戶名到全局變量,握手成功後發送給服務器
var uname = prompt('請輸入用戶名', 'user' + uuid(8, 16));
var ws = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:5678");
ws.onopen = function() {
var data = "系統消息：建立連接成功";
listMsg(data);
};
/**
* 分析服務器返回信息
*
* msg.type : user 普通信息;system 系統信息;handshake 握手信息;login 登陸信息; logout 退出信息;
* msg.from : 消息來源
* msg.content: 消息內容
*/
ws.onmessage = function(e) {
console.log(e)
var msg = JSON.parse(e.data);
var sender, user_name, name_list, change_type;
switch (msg.type) {
case 'system':
sender = '系統消息: ';
break;
case 'user':
sender = msg.from + ': ';
break;
case 'handshake':
var user_info = {
'type': 'login',
'content': uname
};
sendMsg(user_info);
return;
case 'login':
case 'logout':
user_name = msg.content;
name_list = msg.user_list;
change_type = msg.type;
dealUser(user_name, change_type, name_list);
return;
}
var data = sender + msg.content;
listMsg(data);
};
ws.onerror = function() {
var data = "系統消息 : 出錯了,請退出重試.";
listMsg(data);
};
/**
* 在輸入框內按下回車鍵時發送消息
*
* @param event
*
* @returns {boolean}
*/
function confirm(event) {
var key_num = event.keyCode;
if (13 == key_num) {
send();
} else {
return false;
}
}
/**
* 發送並清空消息輸入框內的消息
*/
function send() {
var msg_box = document.getElementById("msg_box");
var content = msg_box.value;
var reg = new RegExp("\r\n", "g");
content = content.replace(reg, "");
var msg = {
'content': content.trim(),
'type': 'send',
'uname': uname
};
sendMsg(msg);
msg_box.value = '';
// todo 清除換行符
}
/**
* 將消息內容添加到輸出框中,並將滾動條滾動到最下方
*/
function listMsg(data) {
var msg_list = document.getElementById("msg_list");
var msg = document.createElement("p");
msg.innerHTML = data;
msg_list.appendChild(msg);
msg_list.scrollTop = msg_list.scrollHeight;
}
/**
* 處理用戶登陸消息
*
* @param user_name 用戶名
* @param type login/logout
* @param name_list 用戶列表
*/
function dealUser(user_name, type, name_list) {
var user_list = document.getElementById("user_list");
var user_num = document.getElementById("user_num");
while (user_list.hasChildNodes()) {
user_list.removeChild(user_list.firstChild);
}
for (var index in name_list) {
var user = document.createElement("p");
user.innerHTML = name_list[index];
user_list.appendChild(user);
}
user_num.innerHTML = name_list.length;
user_list.scrollTop = user_list.scrollHeight;
var change = type == 'login' ? '上線' : '下線';
var data = '系統消息: ' + user_name + ' 已' + change;
listMsg(data);
}
/**
* 將數據轉爲json併發送
* @param msg
*/
function sendMsg(msg) {
var data = JSON.stringify(msg);
ws.send(data);
}
/**
* 生產一個全局唯一ID作爲用戶名的默認值;
*
* @param len
* @param radix
* @returns {string}
*/
function uuid(len, radix) {
var chars = '0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'.split('');
var uuid = [],
i;
radix = radix || chars.length;
if (len) {
for (i = 0; i < len; i++) uuid[i] = chars[0 | Math.random() * radix];
} else {
var r;
uuid[8] = uuid[13] = uuid[18] = uuid[23] = '-';
uuid[14] = '4';
for (i = 0; i < 36; i++) {
if (!uuid[i]) {
r = 0 | Math.random() * 16;
uuid[i] = chars[(i == 19) ? (r & 0x3) | 0x8 : r];
}
}
}
return uuid.join('');
}
</script>