Centos Mysql安裝及入門

0、背景

有一些知識很簡單,很低頻,但是偶爾還是需要使用,故而需要記下來。

開始的時候碰見mysql.sock文件找不到了,不知道什麼時候被破壞了,修復了好久,問題一個接着一個,需要急着用,很浪費時間,所以直接選擇重裝。簡單暴力有效。

 

1、安裝

yum安裝mysql

# 下載mysql源
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

# 添加mysql源
yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

# 安裝mysql
yum install mysql-community-server

檢查mysql源是否安裝成功

# yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 141
mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                      105
mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                 404

 

2、啓動

然後就是啓動服務

systemctl start mysqld

到這裏算是安裝、啓動完成了

驗證下,有下面這個進程,差不多就說明ok了。

# ps -ef | grep mysql
mysql    31427     1  9 10:19 ?        00:16:14 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

 

3、初始密碼

安裝完mysql,有一個初始密碼,在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中,找到下面這個位置,例如:

[Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: VVwAk;E6y/6a

這裏,VVwAk;E6y/6a 就是我的初始密碼了,每個人的不一樣。

 

4、修改初始密碼

初始密碼太複雜,一般都需要修改下。先用初始密碼登入:

# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 16
Server version: 5.7.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

這裏插播一個錯誤

一般修改密碼用這個命令就可以了。

# mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"
Enter password:

// 這裏abc123是新密碼,Enter password:地方輸入原密碼

但是,新密碼強度太弱,不允許設置簡單密碼,報錯信息如下

Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'

所以,需要降低下密碼強度的配置

 

 

5、降低初始密碼強度配置

# mysql -u root -pXXXXXXX
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 5.7.29

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_number_count=3;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_special_char_count=0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> set global validate_password_length=3;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.

上面最查看時有個錯誤,意思是需要重設密碼,繼續如下:(設置新密碼爲123456)

mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF   |
| validate_password_dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password_length             | 3     |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 0     |
| validate_password_number_count       | 3     |
| validate_password_policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 0     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit

OK,到這裏密碼重新設置完成

 

6、遠程登入配置

mysql允許遠程連接的命令就如下2條

mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option; 
mysql> flush privileges;

執行效果如下

# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 16
Server version: 5.7.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456' with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit

好了,到這裏就可以愉快的使用MySQL了。

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