git恢復idea中被誤刪除的文件（踩坑填坑~）

一、問題描述

在使用idea操作項目中，錯誤刪除了項目的部分類，本來想簡單通過revert實現刪除恢復。但是，卻無法恢復，提示
 
提示如下，文件無法恢復
 

二、問題原因

在idea是無法看到原因了，因爲idea封裝了git的命令。所以，直接進入項目.git目錄，使用git status查看真正原因

$ git status

On branch master

Your branch is up-to-date with 'origin/master'.

 

Changes to be committed:

  (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)

 

        deleted:    mybatis-06/src/main/java/com/rui/dao/TeacherMapper.java

        deleted:    mybatis-06/src/main/java/com/rui/pojo/Student.java

        deleted:    mybatis-06/src/main/java/com/rui/pojo/Teacher.java

        deleted:    mybatis-06/src/main/java/com/rui/utils/MyBatisUtils.java

        deleted:    mybatis-06/src/main/resources/com/rui/dao/StudentMapper.xml

        deleted:    mybatis-06/src/main/resources/com/rui/dao/TeacherMapper.xml

 

Changes not staged for commit:

  (use "git add/rm <file>..." to update what will be committed)

  (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)

 

        modified:   mybatis-01/target/classes/com/rui/dao/UserMapper.xml

        modified:   mybatis-01/target/classes/mybatis-config.xml

        modified:   mybatis-02/target/classes/mybatis-config.xml

        modified:   mybatis-03/target/classes/com/rui/dao/UserMapper.xml

        deleted:    mybatis-06/src/main/java/com/rui/dao/StudentMapper.java

        modified:   mybatis-07/target/classes/com/rui/dao/StudentMapper.class

        modified:   mybatis-07/target/classes/com/rui/dao/TeacherMapper.class

        modified:   mybatis-07/target/classes/com/rui/dao/TeacherMapper.xml

        modified:   mybatis-07/target/classes/com/rui/pojo/Student.class

        modified:   mybatis-07/target/classes/com/rui/pojo/Teacher.class

        modified:   mybatis-07/target/classes/com/rui/utils/MyBatisUtils.class

        modified:   mybatis-07/target/classes/db.properties

        modified:   mybatis-07/target/test-classes/com/rui/MyTest.class

        modified:   "mybatis\347\254\224\350\256\260/Mybatis\347\254\224\350\256\260.md"

 

Untracked files:

  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)

 

        .idea/

        MyBatis-Study.iml

        mybatis-01/mybatis-01.iml

        mybatis-02/mybatis-02.iml

        mybatis-03/mybatis-03.iml

        mybatis-04/log/log4j-DEBUG.log

        …

原因很清楚，按照提示進行reset和checkout操作即可。具體原因，git的工作區-暫存區-本地倉庫和遠程倉庫四者的關係已經很清楚，如下圖

三、解決方法

1.打開git bash，這個纔是底層。

2.進入需要恢復目錄，運行reset命令

$ git reset .
Unstaged changes after reset:
D       mybatis-06/src/main/java/com/rui/dao/TeacherMapper.java
D       mybatis-06/src/main/java/com/rui/pojo/Student.java
D       mybatis-06/src/main/java/com/rui/pojo/Teacher.java
D       mybatis-06/src/main/java/com/rui/utils/MyBatisUtils.java
D       mybatis-06/src/main/resources/com/rui/dao/StudentMapper.xml
D       mybatis-06/src/main/resources/com/rui/dao/TeacherMapper.xml

3.運行checkout

$ git checkout .

即可恢復

四、總結

1.idea是方便，但是必要的時候，還是需要理解底層git操作邏輯。

五、參考

1.https://www.iteye.com/blog/josh-persistence-2215214

2.http://disinuo.me/2016/12/12/2016-12-12-git_note/